检索结果-南通市图书馆

Hybrid, Optimal, Intelligent and Classical PV MPPT Techniques: A Review

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

CsEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2021年第1期7卷 9-33页

作者： ratnakar Babu Bollipo suresh Mikkili Praveen kumar Bonthagorla Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Institute of Technology GoaFARMAGUDIPondaGoa 403401India

Renewable energy-based solar photovoltaic(PV)generation is the best alternative for conventional energy sources because of its natural abundance and environment friendly *** power extraction from the PV system plays a critical role in increasing the efficiency of the solar power generation during partial shading conditions(PsCs).Therefore,a suitable maximum power point tracking(MPPT)technique to track the maximum power point(MPP)is of high need,even under *** paper presents an organized and concise review of MPPT techniques implemented for the PV systems in literature along with recent publications on various hardware design *** classification is done into four categories,***,intelligent,optimal,and hybrid depending on the tracking algorithm utilized to track MPP under *** uniform insolation,classical methods are highly preferred as there is only one peak in the P-V ***,under PsCs,the F-V curve exhibits multiple peaks,one global maximum power point(GMPP)and remaining are local maximum power points(LMPP’s).Under the PsCs,classical methods fail to operate at GMPP and hence there is a need for more advanced MPPT *** MPPT technique has its advantages and limits,but a streamlined MPPT is drafted in numerous parameters like sensors required,hardware implementation,cost viability,tracking speed and tracking *** study provides the advancement in this area since some parameter comparison is made at the end of every classification,which might be a prominent base-rule for picking the most gainful sort of MPPT for further research.

关键词： GMPP MPPT classification MPPT techniques partial shading conditions(PsCs) photovoltaic system

Geochemical studies of hybrid granite from Madugulapalli area, Eastern Dharwar Craton, southern India: Implications for crustal mixing

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Geochimica 2023年第1期42卷 9-23页

作者： Nagamma J ratnakar J Ajay kumar A Ashok Ch state Mines and Geology Department 508001 NalgondaIndia Department of Geology Osmania University500007 HyderabadIndia CsIR-National Geophysical Research Institute 500007 UppalHyderabadIndia

Magma produced by melting of continental crust and mantle at the Archean-Proterozoic boundary are compositionally variable and chemical compositions provide evidence for the mixing of two sources. Understanding the composition of hybrid magma is essential for determining the comparative infl uence of crust and mantle sources during orogenesis. The hybrid granites are less documented in Indian cratons, especially less in Dharwar Craton. Here we present petrographic and whole-rock geochemical data of Madgulapalli granitic rocks situated in the NE part of the Eastern Dharwar Craton(EDC), to elucidate their petrogenesis and role in crust formation. The Madugulapalli granites(MPG) are composed chiefl y of plagioclase, quartz, and alkali feldspar with associated biotite showing alteration and inter-granular textures. Geochemically, they are metaluminous to peraluminous in nature with calc-alkaline hybrid granite. The hybrid granites exhibit both negative and positive europium anomalies;the lower Rb/sr, Rb, sr, and higher sr/Y,(Dy/Yb)N ratios suggest that the interaction of older rocks with residual garnet source melted at high pressures. We hypothesize that hybrid granites are formed by interaction(e.g., metasomatism, mingling, or mixing) between parental magmas and pre-existing rocks with the infl uence of sanukitoid melts(heat source) in a subduction environment. The genesis of the hybrid granites demonstrates the mixing coupled with diff erentiation in the petrogeny’s residue system in a syn-collision setting followed by continental crust stability in EDC during the Neoarchean period.

关键词： Madugulapalli granite Hybrid granite Crustal mixing subduction

Determination of genotoxic alkyl methane sulfonates and alkyl paratoluene sulfonates in lamivudine using hyphenated techniques

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2012年第4期2卷 314-318页

作者： N.V.V.s.s.Raman A.V.s.s.Prasad k.ratnakar Reddy k.Ramakrishna Hetero Drugs Ltd.(R&D) GITAM Institute of science GITAM University

Two highly sensitive methods for the determination of genotoxic alkyl methane sulfonates (AMss) and alkyl paratoluene sulfonates (APTss) in lamivudine using hyphenated techniques have been presented. AMss were determined by GC-Ms method using GsBPINOWAX (30 m 0.25 mm 0.25 mm) column. Temperature program was set by maintaining at 100 1C initially for 3 min, then rised to 220 1C at the rate of 15 1C/min and maintained at 220 1C for 16 min. N,N-dimethyl formamide was used as diluent. APTss were determined by LC-Ms using Zorbax, Rx C8, 250 mm 4.6 mm, 5 mm column as stationary phase. 0.01 M ammonium acetate is used as buffer. The mixture of buffer and methanol in 75:25 (v/v) ratio was used as mobile phase A and mixture of buffer and methanol in 5:95 (v/v) ratio was used as mobile phase B. The gradient program (T/%B) was set as 0/28, 16/50, 17/100, 23/100, 27/28 and 40/28. Both the methods were validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Limit of quantitation was found 1.5 mg/mL for AMss and was in the range of 1.0-1.5 mg/mL for APTss.

关键词： Genotoxins Alkyl methane sulfonates Alkyl paratoluene sulfonates Lamivudine Hyphenated techniques

Mechanisms of cisplatin sensitivity and resistance in testicular germ cell tumors

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 580-594页

作者： ratnakar singh Zeeshan Fazal sarah J.Freemantle Michael J.spinella Department of Comparative Biosciences University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA The Carle Illinois College of Medicine University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA The Cancer Center of Illinois University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

Testicular germ cell tumors(TGCTs)are a cancer pharmacology success story with a majority of patients cured even in the highly advanced and metastatic *** treatment of TGCTs is primarily due to the exquisite responsiveness of this solid tumor to cisplatin-based ***,a significant percentage of patients are,or become,refractory to cisplatin and die from progressive *** for both clinical hypersensitivity and resistance have largely remained a mystery despite the promise of applying lessons to the majority of solid tumors that are not curable in the metastatic ***,this promise has been heightened by the realization that distinct(and perhaps pharmacologically replicable)epigenetic states,rather than fixed genetic alterations,may play dominant roles in not only TGCT etiology and progression but also their curability with conventional *** this review,it discusses potential mechanisms of TGCT cisplatin sensitivity and resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics.

关键词： Testicular cancer embryonal carcinoma cisplatin resistance epigenetics testicular germ cell tumors DNA methylation p53

serum Procalcitonin and Neutrophil Toxic Granules Guided Management of Post-Operative k. pneumoniaeseptic-shock in Laminectomy—A Case Report

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Infectious Diseases 2012年第3期2卷 72-75页

作者： Indira Chivukula Paul k. Marx kamaraju s. ratnakar G. subbaiah Venkataraman sritharan Academic and Research Global Hospitals Hyderabad India Institute of Orthopedics and spine surgery Hyderabad India Molecular Diagnostics and Biomarkers Laboratory Department of Laboratory Medicine Global Hospitals Hyderabad India

Introduction: We still rely on clinical diagnosis for initiating empirical antibiotic therapy and await blood culture for confirmation of infection, species identification and drug sensitivity. Differential blood cell count (WBC and neutrophils) and recording of toxic granules in the neutrophils are established methods for indirect diagnosis of infection though they are not used in the diagnosis of sepsis per se. serum Procalcitonin is considered as a good biomarker in the management of sepsis. Materials and Methods: Whole blood and serum were used for laboratory analysis. We have combined the detection of toxic granules in the peripheral blood smear and serum PCT levels for diagnosis and monitoring the recovery of a patient with septic shock. A 63 year old laminectomy patient was transferred 2 days after the surgery to our hospital with several co-morbidities and complications. He was in septic shock and was put on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, with ionotropic support and IV fluids via nasogastric feeding and administration of Activated Protein C. Blood culture and daily measurements of serum Procalcitonin, differential blood cells count, and observation of toxic granules in neutrophils were done. Results: The blood culture showed infection due to k. pneumoniae resistant to carbapenems. WBC and Neutrophil counts were quite variable and showed incoherent response to treatment. serum PCT was 24.57 ng/mL on the next day of admission and it peaked at 30.2 ng/mL on day 3. Its level started decreasing from the 4th day. Toxic granules disappeared when serum PCT levels reached sponded well to treatment and he was discharged on the 16th day upon request. Conclusion: This case is presented as an example of managing sepsis with a combination of a conventional hematology marker and a modern biomarker. Resource poor hospitals with inadequate microbiology services, may evaluate and use these two biomarkers not only for the total management of sep

关键词： sepsis Procalcitonin Toxic Granules

Pancreatic stellate cell: Pandora's box for pancreatic disease biology

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第3期23卷 382-405页

作者： ratnakar R Bynigeri Aparna Jakkampudi Ramaiah Jangala Chivukula subramanyam Mitnala sasikala G Venkat Rao D Nageshwar Reddy Rupjyoti Talukdar Institute of Basic sciences Asian Healthcare FoundationHyderabad 500082India Department of Medical Gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082India Department of surgical Gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad 500082India

Pancreatic stellate cells(PsCs) were identified in the early 1980 s, but received much attention after 1998 when the methods to isolate and culture them from murine and human sources were developed. PsCs contribute to a small proportion of all pancreatic cells under physiological condition, but are essential for maintaining the normal pancreatic architecture. Quiescent PsCs are characterized by the presence of vitamin A laden lipid droplets. Upon PsC activation, these perinuclear lipid droplets disappear from the cytosol, attain a myofibroblast like phenotype and expresses the activation marker, alpha smooth muscle actin. PsCs maintain their activated phenotype via an autocrine loop involving different cytokines and contribute to progressive fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis(CP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC). several pathways(e.g., JAk-sTAT, smad, Wnt signaling, Hedgehog etc.), transcription factors and mi RNAs have been implicated in the inflammatory and profibrogenic function of PsCs. The role of PsCs goes much beyond fibrosis/desmoplasia in PDAC. It is now shown that PsCs are involved in significant crosstalk between the pancreatic cancer cells and the cancer stroma. These interactions result in tumour progression, metastasis, tumour hypoxia, immune evasion and drug resistance. This is the rationale for therapeutic preclinical and clinical trials that have targeted PsCs and the cancer stroma.

关键词： Pancreatic stellate cells Pancreatic fibrosis Pancreatic cancer stroma Physiological functions Pancreatic stellate cells-cancer-stromal interactions Therapeutic targets

Mapping of salinity Ingress Using Galdit Model for sirkali Coastal Region: A Case study

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Geographic Information system 2016年第4期8卷 526-536页

作者： V. satishkumar s. sankaran Taufiquewarsi B. Amarender ratnakar Dhakate CsIR-National Geophysical Research Institute Hyderabad India

A model is traced to evaluate and enumerate the significance of vulnerability to seawater intrusion due to excessive ground water withdrawals and some anthropogenic activities at coastal aquifers. so taking these issues into account few thematic maps which were influencing the saline water intrusion were prepared and overlaid using Geographical Information systems (GIs). Based on GALDIT method, the groundwater vulnerability cartography has been assessed. To reckon the GALDIT index it requires six parameters like aquifer type, aquifer hydraulic conductivity, depth to groundwater level (AMsL), distance from the shore, impact of existing status of seawater intrusion and thickness of the aquifer. This GALDIT is the indicator scores and summing them and dividing by the total weight for determining the relative role of each one. Apart from this an identification of saltwater intruded area is done by using indicators of saltwater intrusion like Cl/(HCOsub>3sub> + COsub>3sub>) ratio and Na/Cl ratio. The vulnerability areas are classified as moderate with an area of 147.31 sq. km and low covering an area of 168.72 sq. km respectively based on the thematic maps. The final thematic map can be used for management of the coastal ground water resources.

关键词： saline Water Intrusion GALDIT Index Coastal Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment GIs

Heterogeneity in femAin the Indian Isolates of staphylococcus aureusLimits Its Usefulness as a species specific Marker

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Infectious Diseases 2012年第3期2卷 82-88页

作者： Rosy Chikkala Nikhil Oommen George kamaraju s. ratnakar Ranganathan Natarajan Iyer Venkataraman sritharan Department of Clinical Microbiology Global Hospitals Hyderabad India Global Hospitals Hyderabad India Molecular Diagnostics and Biomarkers Laboratory Department of Laboratory Medicine Global Hospitals Hyderabad India

Increase in prevalence of MRsA worldwide and hence the need for rapid detection, have led to use of molecular methods for confirmation of the species and also MRsA. species specific markers like fem or nuc along with the methicillin-resistance determinant, mecA, have been used by several investigators worldwide for the identification of MRsA. In the current study, we have screened 54 microbiologically confirmed (MRsA, MssA and CoNs) isolates for the presence of mecA, 16s rRNA, femA and nuc markers. While mecAPCR and 16s rRNAPCR results were consistent with other studies, femA and nuc showed dramatic variation in detection rate (sensitivity) of s. aureus 29.6% and 53.7% respectively. Evidences are presented to demonstrate the absence of femA. Our attempt to amplify the complete femA gene using sequences flanking femA further confirmed these results and also indicated that variations exist even in the genomic sequences around femA. Our data reveals the need for exercising care while using primers designed on sequences of constitutive genes like femA and nuc for PCR based identification of s. aureus species. Though geographic variations in the genome of s. aureus have previously been reported from around the world, we present here evidence for the first time from India for absence of femA and also for probable variations in the sequences around the femA gene in clinical isolates of s. aureus.

关键词： femA mecA nuc PCR s. aureus

Hemolysins of staphylococcus aureus—An Update on Their Biology, Role in Pathogenesis and as Targets for Anti-Virulence Therapy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Infectious Diseases 2019年第2期9卷 80-104页

作者： sireesha Divyakolu Rosy Chikkala kamaraju suguna ratnakar Venkataraman sritharan Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF) Hyderabad India Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF) Hyderabad India Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers Gleneagles Global Hospital & Secretary Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF) Hyderabad India

staphylococcus aureus is a dangerous gram positive bacterial pathogen which, not only evades the host’s immune system but also can destroy the leucocytes especially neutrophils. It has an embodiment of virulence factors most of which are secreted. staphylococcus aureus secretes a number of toxins which cause tissue damage and facilitate spreading and nutrients uptake. Among the toxins, hemolysins α, β, γ, δ and Panton Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) are unique that they drill pores in the membrane, leading to the efflux of vital molecules and metabolites. Hemolysins also help in the scavenging of iron, although many of them also have leucolytic properties. α-hemolysin, also known as α-toxin, is the most prominent cytotoxin which damages a wide range of host cells including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, erythrocytes, monocytes, keratinocytes and it damages cell membrane and induces apoptosis. β-Hemolysin significantly affects human immune cell function. It has Mg2+ dependent sphingomyelinase activity and degrades sphingomyelin of plasma membrane into phosphorylcholine and ceramides. The bi-component leukocidins, which include γ-hemolysin and PVL, attack human phagocytic cells and greatly contribute to immune evasion. Delta toxin is a low molecular weight exotoxin with a broad cytolytic activity. Virulence determinants, quorum sensing and biofilm synthesis provide some attractive targets for design and development of a new group of antimicrobial compounds. This review provides an update on the structure, biological functions of hemolysins and their role in quorum sensing/biofilm synthesis (if any) and as effective therapeutic targets for anti-virulence drug development. We have tried to bring together information available on various aspects of hemolysins and highlighted their distribution among all species of staphylococcus and other bacteria. We have updated the status of development of candidate drugs targeting the hemolysins for anti-virulence therapy as it offe

关键词： staphylococcus aureus Hemolysins PVL Quorum sensing Biofilm Anti-Virulence Therapy