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Quaternary tectonic history of seismically active intraplate Kachchh Rift Basin,western India:A review

Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 192-204页

作者： Girish Ch.Kothyari Raj Sunil Kandregula Rakesh Dumka Gaurav chauhan Ajay Kumar Taloor Institute of Seismological Research GandhinagarGujaratIndia CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute HyderabadTelanganaIndia Department of Earth and Environmental Science KSKV Kachchh UniversityBhujIndia Department of Remote Sensing and GIS University of JammuJammuIndia

Since the recorded historical period,the Kachchh Rift Basin(KRB)has encountered numerous moderate to large magnitude *** to the series of seismicity research so far,there are several important points of debate regarding the tectonic history and evolution of the KRB,especially during the Quaternary ***,the main objective of the present research is to inspect and perceive the association amongst the strain build-up,earthquake provenance,landform evolution and progression as archived by the Quaternary deposits of the *** previous studies demonstrated the evolutions of various landforms,such as the uplifted fluvial terraces,formation of the gorges,uplifted alluvial fan sequences,which can be ideally used to reconstruct the neotectonic history along active faults of *** this,the analysis of the accessible and supportive data,including geochronology provided by earlier studies along with some new dataset for a superior knowledge on the Quaternary tectonic forces prevailing in the KRB,have been carried ***,we also emphasized the differences and directions for future potential research *** observations of variability in uplift rates across the various active faults in the KRB suggest a complex geological history during the Quaternary *** results show that the vertical uplift rate along the significant active faults range from 0.8 to 2.8 mm/yr,demonstrating the variable tectonic stress regime prevailing in the *** uplift rates constricted from geomorphic and chronological aspects suggest that the tectonic movements within the Kachchh intraplate region is regulated by the fault segments and the present tectonic stress field is in accordance with the encompassing tectonic stress field associated with the northward movement of the Indian plate corresponding to the Eurasian plate.

关键词： Quaternary tectonics Uplift rates Active faults Kachchh Rift Basin

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Magnetic fabric and geomorphic characteristic of Neotectonic activity along strike direction of North Almora Thrust,Kumaun Lesser Himalaya,India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第3期13卷 261-274页

作者： Ritu chauhan Girish Ch Kothyari Surendra S.Bhakuni Pitamber Dutt Pant Ajay Kumar Taloor CAS in Geology Kumaun UniversityNainitalIndia Institute of Seismological Research RaisanGandhinagar382009India Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology DehradunIndia Department of Remote Sensing and GIS University of JammuJammuIndia

Structurally,the North Almora Thrust(NAT),is placed in the northern proximity of the Almora Nappe(AN)in the Kumaun Lesser *** NAT is characterized by the presence of a zone of mylonitic rocks of basal Saryu Formation(1800±100 Ma)in the hanging wall and the metasedimentaries of Inner Lesser Himalayan rocks as the footwall *** NAT has been dextrally offset by two estabilished maj or faults *** River Fault(SRF)in Saryu Valley and Dwarahat-Chaukhutia Fault(DCF)in Ramganga *** present study,we identified four new faults,based on field study,geomorphic landform and magnetic fabric *** faults are N-S trending Pancheshwar Fault,NE-SW Rameshwer Fault,NNE-SSW trending Kosi Fault,and NNE-SSW trending Gagas Fault(GF).Our results show that the zone is bound by cross cutting relation with NAT and these fault zones are comparatively more active than other ***,we suggest that the steep and NW-SE orientation of magnetic foliation within the NAT zone is a result of NE-SW oriented progressive regional *** magnetic foliations represent the unseen internal foliations in the rocks developed due to preferred alignment of magnetic minerals and can be found through the Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility(AMS)*** in the alignment of the field and magnetic foliations are developed due to superimposed brittle deformation along the faults over the pre-existing field *** foliations represent the impact of last stage deformation and significant to find brittle deformation and finite strain in the rocks of the study *** lowering of anisotropy(Pj)away from the fault zone represents distribution of strain across the NAT *** fabric confirms the presence of faults developed across the NAT zone and also explains the deformation pattern along these *** geomorphic anomalies and steepness changes across the NAT zone are correlated with active deformation along the NAT and associated transverse

关键词： North Almora Thrust(NAT) Geomorphology Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility Neotectonics Kumaun Lesser Himalaya

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Status of Indian medicinal plants in the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the future of Ayurvedic drugs: Shouldn’t think about Ayurvedic fundamentals?

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第4期17卷 238-243页

作者： Deepak Kumar Semwal Ashutosh chauhan An kit Kumar Sonali Aswal Ruchi Badoni Semwal Abhimanyu Kumar Department of Phytochemistry Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Uttarakhand Ayurved University Harrawala Dehradun 248001 India Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Uttarakhand Ayurved University Harrawala Dehradun 248001 India Research and Development Centre Faculty of Biomedical Sciences Uttarakhand Ayurved University Harrawala Dehradun 248001 India Department of Chemistry Pt. Lalit Mohan Sharma Government Postgraduate College Rishikesh Uttarakhand 249201 India Uttarakhand Ayurved University Harrawala Dehradun 248001 India

The present market for herbal drugs is estimated about ?40 billion, which is expected to increase by 16% in next 3-4 years. The current production of many Ayurvedic herbs is less than their market demand, which incentivizes adulteration in the Ayurvedic drug supply chain. The present work aims to highlight the most used Ayurvedic plants that have been listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature's "red list" of endangered or vulnerable plants. The future of Ayurvedic medicines from these listed plants is uncertain, as the collection of herbs from their natural habitat is prohibited and their cultivation does not meet market demands. Many of these plants, such as Taxus baccata and T. wallichiana, are endangered and are only grown in their natural habitats;their cultivation in other areas is impractical. This is the present state, and will worsen as demand continues to grow, with increasing populations and increasing adoption of this system of medicine. It is possible that in coming years most of the Ayurvedic drugs will be adulterated, and will cause only side effects rather than the therapeutic effects. The Ayurvedic fundamentals are under-explored areas where the Ayurvedic practitioners and research scientists can work together. The scientific work on the basic principles will unravel many unknown or little-known facts of this ancient science. Hence, the present review emphasizes the conservation of Ayurvedic herbs, minimization of the use of medicinal plants and the promotion of the research based on Ayurvedic fundamentals.

关键词： Ayurvedic fundamentals Ayurvedic herbs Endangered plants Polyherbal formulations Prakriti

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Physical Layer Security of 6G Vehicular Networks with UAV Systems:First Order Secrecy Metrics,Optimization,and Bounds

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 3685-3711页

作者： Sagar Kavaiya Hiren Mewada Sagarkumar Patel Dharmendra chauhan Faris A.Almalki Hana Mohammed Mujlid Smt.Chandaben Mohanbhai Patel Institute of Computer Applications Charotar University of Science and TechnologyChangaAnand388421India Electrical Engineering Department Prince Mohammad Bin Fahad UniversityP.O.Box 1664Al Khobar31952Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chandubhai S.Patel Institute of TechnologyCharotar University of Science and TechnologyChangaAnand388421India Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The mobility and connective capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)are becoming more and more important in defense,commercial,and research ***,their open communication makes UAVs susceptible toundesirablepassive attacks suchas eavesdroppingor ***,the inefficiencyof traditional cryptography-based techniques has led to the addition of Physical Layer Security(PLS).This study focuses on the advanced PLS method for passive eavesdropping in UAV-aided vehicular environments,proposing a solution to complement the conventional cryptography ***,we present a performance analysis of first-order secrecy metrics in 6G-enabled UAV systems,namely hybrid outage probability(HOP)and secrecy outage probability(SOP)over 2×2 Nakagami-m ***,we propose a novel technique for mitigating passive eavesdropping,which considers first-order secrecy metrics as an optimization problem and determines their lower and upper ***,we conduct an analysis of bounded HOP and SOP using the interactive Nakagami-m channel,considering the multiple-input-multiple-output configuration of the UAV *** findings indicate that 2×2 Nakagami-mis a suitable fadingmodel under constant velocity for trustworthy receivers and *** results indicate that UAV mobility has some influence on an eavesdropper’s intrusion during line-of-sight-enabled communication and can play an important role in improving security against passive eavesdroppers.

关键词： Physical layer security 3D positioning 6G communications UAV systems

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Identification and characterization of genotype A and D recombinant hepatitis B virus from Indian chronic HBV isolates

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第40期14卷 6228-6236页

作者： Ranjit chauhan Syed Naqui Kazim Manoj Kumar Jayashree Bhattacharjee Narayanasamy Krishnamoorthy Shiv Kumar Sarin Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced Center for Liver Diseases G.B.Pant Hospital Department of Biochemistry Lady Hardinge Medical College Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences The Centre for Genomic Application

AIM： To confirm the presence of recombination, fulllength hepatitis B virus （HBV） from chronic patients was sequenced and analyzed. METHODS： Full-length HBV genomes from 12 patients were amplified and sequenced in an automated sequencer. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out on full-length, Core and preS2/Surface regions using MEGA software. SimPIot Boot Scanning and amino acid sequence analysis were performed for confirmation of recombination. RESULTS： Eight patients were infected with genotype D strain; one patient with genotype A and three patients had genotype A and D recombination; two of them had cirrhosis and one had hepatocellular carcinoma. Phylogenetic analysis of core and preS2/surface regions separately showed evidence of genotype A and D recombination. The breakpoints of recombination were found to be at the start of preS2 and at the endof surface coding regions. CONCLUSION： We identified and characterized recombinant A and D genotype HBV in hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg）-positive patients.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Genotype Variation Evolution Recombination

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Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Plumbago zeylanica Roots in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 399-405页

作者： Ghazala Zia Tinku Gupta Vandana Garg Mahima chauhan Rohit Dutt Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Jamia Hamdard University Department of Pharmacy School of Medical and Allied Sciences G.D.Goenka University Gandhi Memorial National College

Objective: The concurrent usage of oral hypoglycemic agents produces side effects, and the herbal medicine Plumbago zeylanica L.(PZ)is being studied to reduce these effects. The antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of PZ roots on streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Materials and Methods: Triple maceration method was used for the development of PZ extracts. Standardization of the plant extract and in vitro study was carried out by the physicochemical study, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, and α-amylase *** were divided into seven groups, and the experiment was designed into two parts. Seven groups were taken normal control, diabetic control, hydroalcoholic extract of PZ at different doses(100–200 mg/kg), and metformin(MET, 25 mg/kg) for 21 days. The coadministration of a low dose of PZ(100 mg/kg) and MET(100 mg/kg) was administered orally. Blood glucose level(BGL) was measured continuously for 3 weeks of overnight-fasted animals. Biochemical estimation was assessed by total protein, catalase, nitric oxide, and reduced glutathione content. Histological features of the β-cells were observed through histopathological study. Results: Hydroalcoholic PZ(HAPZ) showed the highest antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, respectively. Oral administration of HAPZ extract(200 mg/ml) for 21 days diminished the BGL significantly from 298 ± 7.05 to 230 ± 5.69 mg/dL, whereas coadministration of HAPZ(100 mg/kg) with MET(10 mg/kg) also reduced BGL from 286 ± 4.10 to 231 ± 5.75 mg/dL. The best outcomes were obtained when PZ extract(100 mg/kg) was combined with a low dose of MET(10 mg/kg). Conclusions: We can conclude that PZ might be the alternative to synthetic medicines for the management of diabetic disorders.

关键词： Histopathology hydroalcoholic lipid peroxidation metformin Plumbago zeylanica

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Nutrition in alcohol-related liver disease:Physiopathology and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第22期26卷 2916-2930页

作者： Umair Kamran Jennifer Towey Amardeep Khanna Abhishek chauhan Neil Rajoriya Andrew Holt The Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Department of Dietetics Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Centre for Liver Research Institute of Immunology and Inflammationand National Institute for Health Research(NIHR)Birmingham Biomedical Research CentreThe Medical SchoolUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

Malnutrition encompassing both macro-and micro-nutrient deficiency,remains one of the most frequent complications of alcohol-related liver disease(ArLD).Protein-energy malnutrition can cause significant complications including sarcopenia,frailty and immunodepression in cirrhotic *** reduces patient’s survival and negatively affects the quality of life of individuals with ***,nutritional deficit increases the likelihood of hepatic decompensation in *** recognition of at-risk individuals,early diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition remains a key component of ArLD *** this review,we describe the pathophysiology of malnutrition in ArLD,review the screening tools available for nutritional assessment and discuss nutritional management strategies relevant to the different stages of ArLD,ranging from acute alcoholic hepatitis through to decompensated end stage liver disease.

关键词： Malnutrition Sarcopenia Alcohol-related liver disease Nutritional assessment Nutrition support Micronutrients

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Genetic diversity and relationship between cultivated clones of Dalber- gia sissoo of wide geographical origin using RAPD markers

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第4期22卷 507-517页

作者： H. S. Ginwal Shalini Singh Maurya Priti chauhan Division of Genetics and Tree Propagation Forest Research Institute P.O. I.P.E Kaulagarh Road Dehradun 248195 (Uttarakhand) India

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA （RAPD） polymor- phism was employed to assess the genetic diversity in the elite germplasm＇of Dalbergia sissoo. Sixty-seven clones that are under cultivation in northern India, originated frorri six different states of India and Nepal were analyzed with 30 RAPD primers that generated a total of 342 fragments out of which 290 were polymorphic. Total genetic diversity （Ht） varied between 0.01 and 0.37, with an average of 0.19. Shannon＇s Information index （I） varied between 0102 and 0.54, with an average of 0.31. Marker attributes like Polymorphism Information Content （PIC）, Marker Index （MI） and Effective Multiplex Ratio （EMR） values were calculated to assess the discriminatory power of 30 primers used. The PIC values ranged from 0.01 to 0.37 with an average of 0.17 per primer and the EMR ranged from 0.17 to 21.00 with a mean of 8.66 across all genotypes. Closely related clones were C49 and C51 with similarity index of 0.86 while the least similar or most dissimilar clones were C14 and S-DB showing similarity index of 0.58. The UPGMA-phenogram categorized the 67 clones into six clusters based on genetic similarity and dissimilarity. The clustering of clones in relation to their geographical location has been discussed.

关键词： clones Dalbergia sissoo genetic diversity polymorphic RAPD

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Nosocomial diarrhea in children:is astrovirus the leading pathogen?

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第5期3卷 410-411页

作者： Anita Chakravarti Manisha Jain Mayank Singh chauhan Anju Sharma Sayani Tewari Department & institution Department of MicrobiologyMaulana Azad Medical CollegeBahadur Shah Zafar MargNew Delhi 110002

Objective:To screen for the presence of mixed infection with ***:The present study included 140 children aged less than 2 years with acute *** samples of all these patients were analyzed for the presence of astroviral antigen by enzyme *** 40 rotavirus positive fecal samples were screened for the presence of ***:In case of acute diarrhea in children the prevalence of astrovirus was around 34% (48/140).It was seen that even in rotavirus positive cases astrovirus co infection was 25% .Conclusions:Astrovirus is a growing problem which is often *** the rotavirus vaccine licensure being imminent astrovirus will emerge out as the single most important cause of viral

关键词： Astrovirus Diarrhea Children

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Polymeric and biological membranes for organ-ona-chip devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第4期9卷 19-43页

作者： Kendra Corral-Nájera Gaurav chauhan Sergio OSerna-Saldívar Sergio OMartínez-Chapa Mohammad Mahdi Aeinehvand School of Engineering and Science Tecnológico de MonterreyAve.Eugenio Garza Sada 2501Monterrey 64849Mexico

Membranes are fundamental elements within organ-on-a-chip(OOC)platforms,as they provide adherent cells with support,allow nutrients(and other relevant molecules)to permeate/exchange through membrane pores,and enable the delivery of mechanical or chemical *** OOC platforms,physiological processes can be studied in vitro,whereas OOC membranes broaden knowledge of how mechanical and chemical cues affect cells and *** with membranes are in vitro microfluidic models that are used to replace animal testing for various applications,such as drug discovery and disease *** this review,the relevance of OOCs with membranes is discussed as well as their scaffold and actuation roles,properties(physical and material),and fabrication methods in different organ *** purpose was to aid readers with membrane selection for the development of OOCs with specific applications in the fields of mechanistic,pathological,and drug testing *** stimulation from liquid flow and cyclic strain,as well as their effects on the cell’s increased physiological relevance(IPR),are described in the first *** review also contains methods to fabricate synthetic and ECM(extracellular matrix)protein membranes,their characteristics(e.g.,thickness and porosity,which can be adjusted depending on the application,as shown in the graphical abstract),and the biological materials used for their *** discussion section joins and describes the roles of membranes for different research purposes and their advantages and challenges.

关键词： testing replace porosity

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