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Are extrafloral nectaries efficient against herbivores? Herbivory and plant defenses in contrasting tropical species

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 423-430页

作者： Cássio cardoso Pereira Maria Gabriela Boaventura Gislene Carvalho de Castro Tatiana Cornelissen Departamento de Genética Ecologia e EvoluçãoUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais31270-910 Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Departamento de Ciências Naturais Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei36301-160 São João del-ReiMGBrazil

Aims Plants have limited resources for defenses and species that invest in biotic defenses might exhibit leaves that invest less in other types of *** have investigated whether plants that have few mechanical defenses,but have extrafloral nectaries(EFNs)patrolled by ants,are less prone to herbivory,compared with plants without EFNs that have tougher *** Data from the literature were extracted to examine the reported levels of herbivory in plants with or without *** a savanna vegetation in southern Brazil,field data were collected in leaves from six tropical species and herbivory and specific leaf area(SLA)levels were *** further evaluated differences in herbivory and SLA among species and between plants with or without *** order to test the relationship between herbivory and leaf toughness we regressed average herbivory and average SLA per *** Findings Plants exhibited variable levels of leaf damage,but plants without ant defenses experienced the highest levels of leaf area loss to *** of mechanical defenses were also variable among the plant *** without EFNs were tougher,exhibiting lower values of *** plants without EFNs had more sclerophyllous leaves,this mechanical defense was not sufficient to impair and/or reduce herbivore feeding,suggesting that the biotic defenses performed by patrolling ants might be more effective than investment in mechanical defenses associated with leaf palatability.

关键词： ants biotic defenses herbivory leaf palatability specific leaf area

Comment on “Approximate and Conditional Teleportation of an Unknown Atomic State Without Bell-State Measurement with Two-Photon Interaction”

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第7期52卷 41-44页

作者： A.D.dSouza W.B.cardoso A.T.Avelar B.Baseia Instituto de Física Universidade Federal de Goiás

In a previous work [Commun. Theor. Phys. 45 （2006） 79] a scheme was presented for approximate and conditional teleportation of an unknown atomic state in a QED-cavity without Bell-state measurement via two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model in the effective Hamiltonian approach. This comment presents an alternative method, based on the so called ＂full two-photon Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian approach＂. Accordingly, it describes the evolution of the two-photon degenerate process for arbitrary average photon number inside the cavity, as the correct way to implement teleportation in this scenario.

关键词： teleportation Bell-state measurement cavity QED two-photon interaction

维普期刊数据库

An Adaptive Load Stepping Algorithm for Path-Dependent Problems Based on Estimated Convergence Rates

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2017年第3期113卷 325-342页

作者： M.T.C.Araújo Fernandes C.O.cardoso W.J.Mansur Civil Engineering Department/COPPE/Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Ilha do FundaoP.B.6850621945-970 Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Petrobras/Cenpes Av.Horácio Macedo950Ilha do Fundao21941-915 Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil Civil Engineering Department/COPPE/Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Ilha do FundaoP.B.6850621945-970 Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil

A new adaptive(automatic)time stepping algorithm,called RCA(Rate of Convergence Algorithm)is *** new algorithm was applied in nonlinear finite element analysis of path-dependent *** step size is adjusted by monitoring the estimated convergence rate of the nonlinear iterative *** RCA algorithm is relatively simple to implement,robust and its performance is comparable to,and in some cases better than,the automatic load incrementaion algorithm existent in commercial *** about the convergence rate of nonlinear iterative processes,an estimation of the rate and a study of the parameters of the RCA algorithm are *** show the capacity of the algorithm to adjust the increment size,detailed discussions based on results for different limit load analyses are *** results obtained by RCA algorithm are compared with those by ABAQUS?,one of the most powerful nonlinear FEA(Finite Element Analysis)commercial software,in order to verify the capability of RCA algorithm to adjust the increment size along nonlinear analyses.

关键词： Rate of convergence nonlinear automatic load incrementation limit load

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes: From physiopathological interplay to diagnosis and treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第26期20卷 8377-8392页

作者： Nathalie C Leite Cristiane A Villela-Nogueira Claudia R L cardoso Gil F Salles Internal Medicine Department University Hospital Clementino Fraga FilhoSchool of MedicineUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is highly prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus and increasing evidence suggests that patients with type 2diabetes are at a particularly high risk for developing the progressive forms of NAFLD,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and associated advanced liver ***,diabetes is an independent risk factor for NAFLD progression,and for hepatocellular carcinoma development and liver-related mortality in prospective ***,patients with NAFLD have an elevated prevalence of *** studies have shown that NAFLD presence predicts the development of type2 *** and NAFLD have mutual pathogenetic mechanisms and it is possible that genetic and environmental factors interact with metabolic derangements to accelerate NAFLD progression in diabetic *** diagnosis of the more advanced stages of NAFLD in diabetic patients shares the same challenges as in non-diabetic patients and it includes imaging and serological methods,although histopathological evaluation is still considered the gold standard diagnostic *** effective established treatment is not yet available for patients with steatohepatitis and fibrosis and randomized clinical trials including only diabetic patients are *** sought to outline the published data including epidemiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD in diabetic patients,in order to better understand the interplay between these two prevalent diseases and identify the gaps that still need to be fulfilled in the management of NAFLD in patients with diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Diabetes mellitus Pathogenesis Diagnosis Treatment

Is magnesium deficiency the major cause of needle chlorosis of Pinus taeda in Brazil?

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期 213-225页

作者： Ant?nio Carlos Vargas Motta Shizuo Maeda Valdécio dos Santos dos Santos Rodrigues Tamires Maiara Ercole Stephen Arthur Prior Ana Elisa Lyra Brumat Amanda Pacheco cardoso Moura Julierme Zimmer Barbosa Jo?o Bosco Vasconcellos Gomes Department of Soil Sciences and Agriculture Engineering Federal University of Paraná Brazilian Agricultural Research Company Embrapa Florestas 3. United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service USDA-ARS National Soil Dynamics Laboratory 4. Reforestation Remasa 5. Federal Institute of Southeast of Minas Gerais

Needle chlorosis(NC) in Pinus taeda L. systems in Brazil becomes more frequent after second and third harvest rotation cycles. In a study to identify factors contributing to yellowing needle chorosis(YNC), trees were grown in soils originating from contrasting parent materials, and soils and needles(whole, green and chlorotic portions) from 1-and 2-year-old branches and the first and second needle flush release at four sites with YNC on P. taeda were analyzed for various elements and properties. All soils had very low base levels(Ca2+, Mg2+and K+) and P, suggesting a possible lack of multiple elements. YNC symptoms started at needle tips, then extended toward the needle base with time. First flush needles had longer portions with YNC than second flush needles did. Needles from the lower crown also had more symptoms along their length than those higher in the canopy. Symptoms were similar to those reported for Mg. In chlorotic portions, Mg and Ca concentrations were well below critical values; in particular, Mg levels were only one third of the critical value of 0.3 g kg-1. Collectively, results suggest that Mg deficiency is the primary reason for NC of P. taeda in various parent soils in Brazil.

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来源：博看期刊

Tree phenology along a successional gradient of tropical Atlantic Forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 272-280页

作者： Fernanda C.G.cardoso Victor P.Zwiener Marcia C.M.Marques Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal Departamento de BotânicaSetor de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal do ParanáCaixa Postal 1903181531-980CuritibaPRBrazil

Aims Changes in habitat characteristics and species composition in suc-cessional gradients could determine temporal variation in phenol-ogy of second-growth *** evaluated phenological patterns in tree species occurring in successional forests in southern Brazil,aiming to assess community changes along *** tested for general patterns and phenophase seasonality of trees of forests in successional stages and for differences in occurrence,concentra-tion,frequency and duration of *** Vegetative(flushing and leaf-fall)and reproductive(flowering and fruiting)phenophases of 149 individuals of 29 tree species were monitored monthly,for 2 years,in a successional gradient:early-(~10 years),mid-(~30 years)and late-successional(>80 years)forests in southern *** Findings Forests in the successional gradient exhibited shared frequency and duration of phenological phases,probably due to climatic or historical constraints in ***,we found differences in the rate of occurrence and concentration of phenological phases,suggesting that habitat changes caused by succession and species turnover are additional factors affecting phenological patterns in tropical forests.

关键词： Brazil circular analysis phenological patterns succession

Effect of ECAP processing on distribution of second phase particles,hardness and electrical conductivity of Cu-0.81Cr-0.07Zr alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2022年第1期32卷 217-232页

作者： Filipe CALDATTO DALAN Gisele Ferreira de LIMA ANDREANI Dilermando Nagle TRAVESSA Ilshat Albertovich FAIZOV Svetlana FAIZOVA Kátia Regina cardoso Institute of Science and Technology Federal University of São Paulo330 Talim St.São Josédos Campos12231-280Brazil Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems RAS 39 S.Khalturin St.Ufa450001Russia Ufa State Aviation Technical University 12 K.Marx St.Ufa450008Russia

The effect of equal-channel angular pressing(ECAP)processing at room temperature and 300℃on the distribution of the second phase particles and its influence on hardness and electrical conductivity of the commercial Cu-0.81Cr-0.07Zr alloy were *** characterization indicated that the area fraction of coarse Cr-rich particles decreased after ECAP *** reduction was attributed to the Cr dissolution induced by plastic *** electrical conductivity of the alloy decreased by 12%after 4 ECAP passes at room temperature due to the increase of electrons scattering caused by higher Cr content in solid solution and higher density of defects in the *** results were supported by the reduction of the Cu lattice parameter and by the exothermic reactions,during differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)analysis,observed only in the samples subjected to ECAP *** heat treatment after ECAP processing promoted an additional hardening effect and the complete recuperation of the electrical conductivity,caused by the re-precipitation of the partially dissolved *** better combination of hardness(191 HV)and electrical conductivity(83.5%(IACS))was obtained after 4 ECAP passes at room temperature and subsequent aging at 380℃for 1 h.

关键词： ECAP Cu-Cr-Zr alloy second phase particles phase transition

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Nutrient content affecting Spodoptera frugiperda and Dalbulus maidis occurrence in corn

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Insect Science 2007年第2期14卷 117-123页

作者： CRISTINA SCHETINO BASTOS JOAO CARLOS cardoso GALVAO MARCELO COUTINHO PICANCO PAULO ROBERTO GOMES PEREIRA PAULO ROBERTO CECON EMBRAPA/Algodao Centenário Campina Grande PB Brazil Departamento de Fitotecnia Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV) Vicosa MG Brazil. Departamento de Biologia Animal Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV) Vicosa MG Brazil. Departamento de Informática Campus Universitário Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV) Vicosa MG Brazil.

This work aims to study the effect of the nutrient contents in the leaves of corn on the incidence of Spodopterafrugiperda （Smith）（Lepidoptera： Noctuidae） and Dalbulus maidis （Delong ＆ Wolcott）（Homoptera： Cicadellidae）. The treatments were represented by unfertilized corn plants and corn plants fertilized with 250 kg of the formulation 4-14-8 （N- P-K）＋ 100 kg of ammonium sulfate （AS）/ha and 500 kg of the formulation 4-14-8 （N-P-K）＋200 kg of AS/ha, arranged in randomized blocks with four replicates. Attacks by S. frugiperda and D. maidis were higher as the nitrogen, sulfur, calcium and copper content in the leaves of corn increased. The effects of calcium and copper found in this study were not consistent with that of lower susceptibility associated with higher levels of these nutrients mentioned in the literature. We believe that there was a cumulative effect of the nutrients altogether, building up a nutritiously better vegetable which in turn had less reserve for defense, or that the content of both nutrients in the leaves were not high enough to induce such effects.

关键词： calcium copper corn cicada fall armyworm fertilization nitrogen sulfur

Tracheobronchial Polyflex stents for the management of benign refractory hypopharyngeal strictures

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第6期18卷 551-556页

作者： Rui Almeida Silva Nuno Mesquita Pedro Pimentel Nunes Elisabete cardoso Ricardo Marcos Pinto Luís Moreira Dias Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco GentilR.Doutor António Bernardino de Almeida 4200-072PortoPortugal Department of Gastroenterology Centro Hospitalar do PortoLargo Prof.Abel Salazar 4099-001PortoPortugal

AIM:To describe a modified technique for placement of a tracheobronchial self-expanding plastic stent(SEPS) in patients with benign refractory hypopharyngeal strictures in order to improve dysphagia and allow stricture ***:A case series of four consecutive patients with complex hypopharyngeal strictures after combinedtherapy for laryngeal cancer,previously submitted to multiple sessions of dilation without lasting improvement,is *** patients underwent placement of a small diameter and unflared tracheobronchial *** outcome measurements were improvement of dysphagia and avoiding of repeated ***:The modified introducer system allowed an easy and technically successful deployment of the tracheobronchial Polyflex stent through the *** four patients developed complications related to stent *** patients had stent migration(one proximal and one distal),two patients developed phanryngocutaneous fistulas and all patients with stents in situ for more than 8 wk had hyperplastic tissue growth at the upper end of the *** recurrence was observed at 4 wk follow-up after stent removal in all patients CONCLUSION:Although technically feasible,placement of a tracheobronchial SEPS is associated with a high risk of *** diameter stents must be kept in place for longer than 3 mo to allow adequate time for stricture remodeling.

关键词： Larynx neoplasms Hypopharynx Strictures Dilation Stents