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Application of LiDAR Data for Deep Learning Based Near Crash Prediction at Signalized Intersection

Journal of Transportation Technologies 2023年第2期13卷 158-172页

作者： Jewel rana Palit Osama A. Osman Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering University of Tennessee Chattanooga USA Center for Urban Informatics and Progress University of Tennessee Chattanooga USA

Near crash events are often regarded as an excellent surrogate measure for traffic safety research because they include abrupt changes in vehicle kinematics that can lead to deadly accident scenarios. In this paper, we introduced machine learning and deep learning algorithms for predicting near crash events using LiDAR data at a signalized intersection. To predict a near crash occurrence, we used essential vehicle kinematic variables such as lateral and longitudinal velocity, yaw, tracking status of LiDAR, etc. A deep learning hybrid model Convolutional Gated Recurrent Neural Network (CNN + GRU) was introduced, and comparative performances were evaluated with multiple machine learning classification models such as Logistic Regression, K Nearest Neighbor, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Adaptive Boost, and deep learning models like Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). As vehicle kinematics changes occur after sudden brake, we considered average deceleration and kinematic energy drop as thresholds to identify near crashes after vehicle braking time . We looked at the next 3 seconds of this braking time as our prediction horizon. All models work best in the next 1-second prediction horizon to braking time. The results also reveal that our hybrid model gathers the greatest near crash information while working flawlessly. In comparison to existing models for near crash prediction, our hybrid Convolutional Gated Recurrent Neural Network model has 100% recall, 100% precision, and 100% F1-score: accurately capturing all near crashes. This prediction performance outperforms previous baseline models in forecasting near crash events and provides opportunities for improving traffic safety via Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS).

关键词： Near Crash Prediction Machine Learning Kinematics Convolutional Gated Recurrent Neural Network Recall

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Uses of Invasive Alien Plant Species in Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctuary of Bangladesh

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第4期7卷 380-385页

作者： Md.Parvez rana Fahima Akhter Department of Forestry and Environmental Science Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Department of Accounting and Information System University of Chittagong

An exploratory survey was conducted on the uses and role of invasive alien species(IAS) to local livelihoods in the Rema-Kalenga Wildlife Sanctuary in the northeastern hilly region of *** was sampled in 50 quadrates,each 10 m×10 m,and 25 line transects,each 50 m×20 m,through a combination of random and systematic *** discussions were also arranged with fifty local inhabitants(17 % of the total inhabitants) to learn the various uses of IAS.A total of 17 alien plant species belonging to 10 different families,of which Leguminosae constitutes the highest number(5 species),include tree(53%) followed by herb(12%),shrub(12%) and others(weed,climber and palm).The majority of the identified species were found to be used for fuel,followed by timber production,medicinal or curative uses,fodder,and many *** addition to providing various forest products,alien tree species planted in forest plantation help provide many vital ecosystem services such as soil amelioration through nitrogen *** is true that the alien species have some negative impacts on local ecosystems,and not all of them are ***,a national programme must be initiated to distinguish the harmful from the harmless species and to identify the uses and impacts of the former and latter.

关键词：外来入侵物种野生动物保护区外来植物孟加拉国生态系统服务丘陵地区小组讨论会计准则

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Damage and Fatigue Failure of Conventional and Bulk-Filled Resin Composites

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2022年第2期12卷 62-76页

作者： rana Alkattan Subir Banerji Sanjukta Deb Centre for Oral Clinical and Translational Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Oral and Craniofacial Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Department of Restorative Dental Science King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Prosthodontics University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia

Objectives: Resin-based composites are the most widely used dental restorative materials. Bulk-fill resin composites are of rising interest as they can be clinically applied in thicker increments compared to conventional composites. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the flexural fatigue strength of a conventional and bulk-filled resin composite placed incrementally or non-incrementally. Methods: Resin composite specimens were fabricated using either a conventional (Brilliant EverGlow?) or a bulk-fill (Fill-Up!TM) resin composite by either non-incremental filling (2 × 2 × 25 mm3) or in increments of (1 × 2 × 25 mm3). Specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 h or thermocycled for 5000 cycles. The static flexural strength (σ), flexural fatigue limit (FFL) after 105 cycles and post-fatigue flexural strength (PFσ) were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, with a post-hoc Tukey’s test to compare mean FFL (p σ and PFσ compared to conventional composites regardless of incremental cure or thermocycling (p σ and FFL for conventional composites but not bulk-filled composites. There was no significant difference in PFσ compared to σ after 24 h storage, but a significant increase in PFσ after thermocycling (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The type of composite rather than incremental placement had a greater effect on flexural strength, suggesting that operator placement technique had less influence than material selection. Thermocycling in combination with cyclic loading caused a strengthening effect in the composites, likely due to the absorption and dissipation of stresses, thereby enhancing resistance to fracture.

关键词： Cyclic Fatigue Flexural Fatigue Limit Flexural Strength Bulk-Fill Resin Composite Incremental Layering

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An Innovative Technique for Constructing Highly Non-Linear Components of Block Cipher for Data Security against Cyber Attacks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第11期47卷 2547-2562页

作者： Abid Mahboob Muhammad Asif rana Muhammad Zulqarnain Imran Siddique Hijaz Ahmad Sameh Askar Giovanni Pau Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologySialkot CampusSialkot51310Pakistan School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Department of Mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan Section of Mathematics International Telematic University UninettunoCorso Vittorio Emanuele II39Roma00186Italy Department of Statistics and Operations Research College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering and Architecturer-Kore University of Enna Enna94100Italy

The rapid advancement of data in web-based communication has created one of the biggest issues concerning the security of data carried over the internet from unauthorized *** improve data security,modern cryptosystems use ***,data privacy has become a key concern for consumers who transfer sensitive data from one place to *** address these problems,many companies rely on cryptographic techniques to secure data from illegal activities and *** these cryptographic approaches,AES is a well-known algorithm that transforms plain text into cipher text by employing substitution box(S-box).The S-box disguises the relationship between cipher text and the key to guard against cipher *** security of a cipher using an S-box depends on the cryptographic strength of the respective ***,various researchers have employed different techniques to construct high order non-linear *** paper provides a novel approach for evolving S-boxes using coset graphs for the action of the alternating group A5 over the finite field and the symmetric group *** motivation for this work is to study the symmetric group and coset *** authors have performed various analyses against conventional security criteria such as nonlinearity,differential uniformity,linear probability,the bit independence criterion,and the strict avalanche criterion to determine its high cryptographic *** evaluate its image application performance,the proposed S-box is also used to encrypt digital *** performance and comparison analyses show that the suggested S-box can secure data against cyber-attacks.

关键词： Block cipher coset graphs s-box triangular group

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Physicochemical,rheological and antioxidant profiling of yogurt prepared from non-enzymatically and enzymatically hydrolyzed potato powder under refrigeration

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第1期12卷 69-78页

作者： Ishtiaq Ahmad Zhouyi Xiong Hanguo Xiong rana Muhammad Aadil Nauman Khalid Allah Bakash Jvaid Lakhoo Zia-ud-din Asad Nawaz Noman Walayat Rao Sanaullah Khan College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Fisheries Research Institute Wuhan Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430207China National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Schools of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Management and TechnologyLahore 54000Pakistan College of Food Science and Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

Evidences show that the storage period greatly affects the quality of *** this study,three types of yogurt:control yogurt(CY),non-hydrolyzed potato powder yogurt(PPY)and enzymatically hydrolyzed potato powder yogurt(EHPPY)were prepared at 42℃ for 5 h and stored for 28 days at 4℃.The yogurts were evaluated for quality characteristics at different storage *** differences in pH values,titratable acidities and viable counts were detected in all three types of yogurt during ***,compared to other yogurts,EHPPY exhibited desirable water holding capacity,throughout the storage *** from this,sensory properties and antioxidant activities(2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH)free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP))of EHPPY were also significantly improved during the storage ***,the storage(G’)and loss(G”)modulus of PPY,EHPPY were lower than CY at 4℃ while a hysteresis loop was shown by all yogurts at the temperature range of 4-50℃ indicating higher G’(elasticity)than G”(viscosity).Based on our findings,EHPP could be an important functional ingredient in improving the quality and storage stability of yogurt for its production at an industrial level.

关键词： Storage stability Potato powder Yogurt Rheology Microbiology Antioxidant activity

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Gate current modeling and optimal design of nanoscale non-overlapped gate to source/drain MOSFET

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Journal of Semiconductors 2011年第7期32卷 14-19页

作者： Ashwani K.rana Narottam Chand Vinod Kapoor Department of Electronics and Communication National Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology

A novel nanoscale MOSFET with a source/drain-to-gate non-overlapped and high-k spacer structure has been demonstrated to reduce the gate leakage current for the first *** gate leakage behaviour of the novel MOSFET structure has been investigated with the help of a compact analytical model and Sentaurus simulation. A fringing gate electric field through the dielectric spacer induces an inversion layer in the non-overlap region to act as an extended S/D（source/drain） *** is found that an optimal source/drain-to-gate non-overlapped and high-A：spacer structure has reduced the gate leakage current to a great extent as compared to those of an overlapped ***,the proposed structure had improved off current,subthreshold slope and drain induced barrier lowering（DIBL） *** is concluded that this structure solves the problem of high leakage current without introducing extra series resistance.

关键词： gate tunneling current analytical model spacer dielectrics DIBL subthreshold slope

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Control of seismic and operational vibrations of rotating machines using semi-active mounts

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2004年第1期3卷 85-100页

作者： R.rana T.T.Soong Ove Arup & partners Department of Civil Structural.and Environmental EngineeringState University of New York

A dual isolation problem for rotating machines consists of isolation of housing structures from the machine vibrations and protection of machines during an earthquake to maintain their functionality. Desirable characteristics of machine mounts for the above two purposes can differ significantly due to difference in nature of the excitation and performance criteria in the two situations. In this paper, relevant response quantities are identified that may be used to quantify performance and simplified models of rotating machines are presented using which these relevant response quantities may be calculated. Using random vibration approach with a stationary excitation, it is shown that significant improvement in seismic performance is achievable by proper mount design. Results of shaking table experiments performed with a realistic setup using a centrifugal pump are presented. It is concluded that a solution to this dual isolation problem lies in a semi-active mount capable switching its properties from ‘operation-optimum’ to ‘seismic-optimum’ at the onset of a seismic event.

关键词： rotating machines simple modeling seismic control operational control semi-active control

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Multidimensional Model for Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Flooding: An Empirical Study in Pakistan

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第3期9卷 359-375页

作者： Irfan Ahmad rana Jayant K.Routray Department of Urban and Regional Planning (URP) School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Regional and Rural Development Planning (RRDP) and Disaster Preparedness Mitigation and Management (DPMM) Department of Development and SustainabilityAsian Institute of Technology

Urban flooding has become a regular phenomenon in many towns and cities in the Asia Pacific region over the past years. Professionals associated with disaster management and climate change are at the forefront of addressing urban flooding. To reduce flood risks,vulnerability and its components must be *** assessment methods are diverse and complex, with a varied nature of understanding the key terms used in various contexts, and this diversity ultimately reflects on the interpretation of results in research *** interpretations and definitions exist in the disaster risk and climate change literature, complicating the process of astute and comprehensive vulnerability assessment. The main purpose of this study was to quantify vulnerability indicators and develop a multidimensional model for vulnerability assessment. Vulnerability is explored through the lens of five dimensions: social, economic, physical/infrastructural, institutional, and attitudinal. This methodology is applied to urban flooding in Pakistan, to verify the proposed model. Three study sites in urban areas with different population sizes, situated in high-risk flood zones in the Punjab Province of Pakistan were selected for empirical investigation. A household survey was conducted, and indices were developed for each dimension based on welldefined indicators. The proposed methodology for vulnerability assessment was tested and found operational. This method can be replicated irrespective of spatial scales and can be modified for other disasters by streamlining hazard specific indicators.

关键词： Pakistan Punjab Urban flooding Vulnerability assessment

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Some Investigations on Hybrid Fuzzy IPD Controllers for Proportional and Derivative Kick Suppression

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2016年第5期13卷 516-528页

作者： Vineet Kumar K.P.S.rana Division of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology(NSIT)

Proportional and derivative kick i.e., a large change in control action of a proportional plus integral plus derivative （PID） controller due to a sudden change in reference set-point is generally undesired in process industry. Therefore, the structure of conventional parallel PID controller is modified to integral minus proportional derivative （I-PD） controller. In this paper, three hybrid fuzzy IPD controllers such as a fuzzy I-fuzzy PD （FI-FPD） controller and its hybrid combinations with its conventional counterpart such as fuzzy I-PD （FI-PD） and I-fuzzy PD （I-FPD） are presented in view of above industrial problem. These controllers are based upon the counterpart conventional I-PD controller and contains analytical formulae. Computer simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of hybrid fuzzy controllers along with conventional I-PD and PID controllers for set-point tracking and disturbance rejection for an induction motor in closed loop using LabVIEWTM environment. The gains of conventional and hybrid fuzzy controllers are tuned using genetic algorithm （GA） for minimum overshoot and settling time. It has been observed that hybrid fuzzy controllers along with the conventional I-PD controller significantly remove the kick from the control action in reference set-point tracking. However, in disturbance rejection, I-PD and FI-PD controllers fail to eliminate the kick from the control signal. In contrast, FI-FPD and I-FPD controllers considerably reduced spikes from the control action in disturbance rejection. Among the conventional and hybrid fuzzy IPD controllers, FI--FPD demonstrates much better set-point tracking and disturbance rejection response with spike free control action.

关键词： Proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID) integral minus proportional derivative (I-PD) hybrid fuzzy IPD con- troller proportional kick derivative kick.

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Syncytes during male meiosis resulting in 2n pollen grain formationin Lindelofia longiflora ***

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第5期49卷 406-410页

作者： Vijay Kumar SINGHAL Pawan Kumar rana Puneet KUMAR Department of Botany Punjabi University

Lindelofia longiflora(Royle ex Benth.) ***(Cl.) Brand(Family:Boraginaceae) is investigated cytologically(n = 12) for the first time from the cold deserts of Pangi Valley,Chamba District(Himachal Pradesh) in *** report the formation of syncytes and 2n pollen grains in the *** meiosis,the majority of the pollen mother cells(PMCs) exhibited 12 bivalents,equal segregation of chromosomes during anaphases,regular tetrads,and normal-sized pollen grain ***,two proximate PMCs fused during the early stages of prophase-I and resulted in the formation of *** frequency of syncytes in the accession is rather low,at 25 out of 1866(1.33%).Such syncyte PMCs are detectable during meiosis due to their larger size compared to typical *** syncytes or polyploid cells showed normal 24 bivalents and depicted perfectly regular meiotic *** the products of such PMCs yield 2n or larger sized pollen grains that are almost double the size of typical normal or n pollen *** origin of syncytes as a consequence of the fusion of meiocytes during the early stages of meiosis-I could be attributed to low temperature stress conditions prevailing in the Pangi Valley,where temperature during May and June dip to below freezing,the time the plants enters the reproductive/flowering bud *** is possible that such apparently fertile 2n pollen grains originating from syncytes might play a role in the origin of intraspecific polyploids in the species.

关键词： bivalents cold deserts low temperature stress Pangi Valley PMCs pollen grains.

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