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Comparative evaluation of roundabout capacities under heterogeneous traffic conditions

Journal of Modern Transportation 2015年第4期23卷 310-324页

作者： ramu arroju Hari Krishna Gaddam Lakshmi Devi Vanumu K.Ramachandra Rao Department of Civil Engineering IIT Delhi Department of Civil Engineering and Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme (TRIPP) IIT Delhi

In heterogeneous traffic conditions, roundabout capacity is described by vehicle and driver characteristics which are different from traffic conditions in homogeneous conditions. In the present study, the capacity of the roundabout is determined using various capacity formulas such as gap acceptance models given by Highway Capacity Manual 2010 （US）, German model （2001）; empirical regression models given by TRRL （UK） and weaving models given by IRC： 65-1976 （India）. In addition, microscopic simulation model like VISSIM （PTV Ger- many） is also used to derive capacity values. Unlike the other capacity estimation models, VISSIM is helpful in estimating capacity values using geometric and driver characteristics and it can also simulate heterogeneous traffic condition accurately. Capacity is estimated after calibrating the simulation model （VISSIM） developed for the roundabout. This is achieved by incorporating different vehicle classes to represent the heterogeneous traffic environment, driver gap acceptance, and lane changeparameters. All the required inputs were extracted from the video using semi-automatic data collection methods. Data are used for the estimation of capacity values from dif- ferent methods mentioned above and for the calibration and validation of simulation model. The capacity values esti- mated form various formulas except German model are distinctly different from the field values and they are either overestimating or underestimating. Analysis of these observations reveals that the capacity values from VISSIM and German models are nearly matching with the field capacity.

关键词： Roundabout Capacity VISSIM Simulation Heterogeneous

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Optimized design of collector topology for offshore wind farm based on ant colony optimization with multiple travelling salesman problem

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第6期6卷 1181-1192页

作者： ramu SRIKAKULAPU Vinatha U Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka

A layout of the offshore wind farm(OSWF)plays a vital role in its capital cost of installation. One of the major contributions in the installation cost is electrical collector system(ECS). ECS includes: submarine cables,number of wind turbines(WTs), offshore platforms etc. By considering the above mentioned problem having an optimized design of OSWF provides the better feasibility in terms of economic considerations. This paper explains the methodology for optimized designing of ECS. The proposed methodology is based on combined elitist ant colony optimization and multiple travelling salesman *** objective is to minimize the length of submarine cable connected between WTs and to minimize the wake loss in the wind farm in order to reduce the cost of cable and cable power loss. The methodology is applied on North Hoyle and Horns Rev OSWFs connected with 30 and 80 WTs respectively and the results are presented.

关键词： Ant colony optimization Offshore wind farm Multiple travelling salesman problem Wake effect Wake loss

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Image of polynomials under generalized Szasz operators

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2021年第4期36卷 599-610页

作者： Pooja Gupta Mangey Ram ramu Dubey Department of Mathematics J.C.Bose University of Science and TechnologyYMCAFaridabad 121006India Department of Mathematics Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be UniversityDehradun 248002India

The motivation behind this paper is a sequence Sn of generalized Szasz operators using multiple Appell *** purpose of the present paper is to find the image of the polynomials under these *** find that as n→∞,S_(n)(t^(m);x)approaches to x^(m)for every m∈***,We prove the image of a polynomial of degree m under these operators is another polynomial of degree m by using the linearity of these operators.

关键词： Szaasz operator multiple Appell polynomials image of polynomials

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Risk estimation of chronic kidney disease in a leptospirosis endemic area: A case-control study from south Andaman Islands of India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第10期16卷 463-471页

作者： Ambreen Fatema Manjunatha ramu Paluru Vijayachari ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre Port BlairPost Bag No.13DollygunjPort Blair 744101Andaman&Nicobar IslandsIndia

Objective:To estimate the risk of chronic kidney disease in patients with ***:All reported(41890)and later confirmed leptospirosis(1990)cases from 2010-2020 were traced by universal sampling.386 Laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis cases were enrolled and 413 age,gender,area,and occupation matched healthy persons were included as *** including socio-demographic characteristics,medical history,and health-related behaviours were compared between the two groups and association between these variables and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was analyzed with multiple linear ***:The median of eGFR was 49.0(27.0,75.0)mL/min/1.73 m^(2) in the cases and 96.0(72.0,121.0)mL/min/1.73 m^(2) in the controls,showing significant differences(P<0.001).Bivariate analysis showed that leptospirosis seropositivitiy,repeat leptospirosis infection,diabetes,male gender,working in field(sun exposure),COVID-19 infection and smoking had statistically significant association with reduced *** seropositivity had negative effects on *** linear regression confirmed that leptospirosis seropositivity had negative effects on eGFR(unstandardised β coefficients=−30.86,95%CI−49.7 to−11.9,P<0.001).Conclusions:Chronic kidney disease is a complex disease with multiple risk factors *** to leptospirosis is one of the essential factors in accelerating its progression.

关键词： Chronic kidney disease Endemic leptospirosis Estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)

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Synthesis of NiMoO_4 nanoparticles by sol-gel method and their structural,morphological,optical,magnetic and photocatlytic properties

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第8期27卷 1785-1793页

作者： V.UMAPATHY P.NEERAJA A.MANIKANDAN P.ramu Research and Development Centre Bharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641046India Caplin Point Laboratories Limited Chennai 600017India Department of Chemistry NKR Government Arts College for WomenNamakkalTamil Nadu 637001India Department of Chemistry Bharath Institute of Higher Education and ResearchBharath UniversityChennai 600073India Department of Chemistry Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and ResearchChennaiTamil Nadu 600078India

Nickel molybdate(NiMoO4)nanoparticles(NPs)were synthesized by sol-gel *** water as solvent providescrystalline *** nanocrystals were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction,energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDX),and Fourier transform infrared *** stoichiometry was confirmed by EDX *** size and shapewere observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM).It was found that the obtainedNPs were pure and single phase crystalline with monoclinic *** optical properties were studied by ultraviolet-visiblediffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-Vis-DRS)and photoluminescence(PL)measurements at room *** magneticproperties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)and results showed superparamagnetic behavior of the *** activity of NiMoO4was *** photocatalytic activity of NiMoO4was enhanced with the additionof *** catalysts NiMoO4,TiO2and NiMoO4-TiO2nanocomposites(NC)were tested for photocatalytic degradation(PCD)of4-chlorophenol(4-CP).It was found that PCD efficiency of NiMoO4-TiO2NC was higher than that of pure NiMoO4and TiO2.

关键词： NiMoO4 TiO2 nanostructure sol-gel synthesis optical properties magnetic properties photo-catalysis monoclinic structure

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Artificial Intelligence Model for Software Reusability Prediction System

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第3期35卷 2639-2654页

作者： R.Subha Anandakumar Haldorai Arulmurugan ramu Sri Eshwar College of Engineering Coimbatore641202India Presidency University Bengaluru560064India

The most signiﬁcant invention made in recent years to serve various applications is *** a faultless software system requires the soft-ware system design to be *** make the software design more efﬁcient,it is essential to assess the reusability of the components *** paper proposes a software reusability prediction model named Flexible Random Fit(FRF)based on aging resilience for a Service Net(SN)software *** reusability predic-tion model is developed based on a multilevel optimization technique based on software characteristics such as cohesion,coupling,and *** are obtained from the SN software system,which is then subjected to min-max nor-malization to avoid any saturation during the learning *** feature extrac-tion process is made more feasible by enriching the data quality via outlier *** reusability of the classes is estimated based on a tool called Soft *** reusability can be predicted more effectively based on the pro-posed FRF-ANN(Flexible Random Fit-Artiﬁcial Neural Network)*** evaluation shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms all the other techniques,thus ensuring the optimization of software reusability based on aging *** model is then tested using constraint-based testing techni-ques to make sure that it is perfect at optimizing and making predictions.

关键词： Service net aging resilient software reusability evolutionary computing intelligent computing

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Indications of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental practice-Review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第9期2卷 749-754页

作者： C ramu TV Padmanabhan Department of Prosthodontics Faculty of Dental SciencesSri Ramachandra University Professor&Head of Department Of Prosthodontics Faculty Of Dental SciencesSri Ramachandra University

Antibiotics are frequently used in dental *** and bacteriological epidemiological factors determine the indications of antibiotics in *** are used in addition to appropriate treatment to aid the host defences in the elimination of remaining *** is indicated when there is evidence of clinical sign involvement and spread of *** are prescribed in dental practice for treating odontoge nic infections,non-odontogenic infections,as prophylaxis against focal and local *** care needs to be addressed to patients with organ transplants,poorly controlled diabetes and *** should be used only as an adjunct to dental treatment and never alone as the first line of *** present paper reviews the indications of antibiotics in dental practice.

关键词： Antibiotic prophylaxis Odontogenic infection Dental procedure

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Structure,morphology and opto-magnetic properties of Bi_2MoO_6 nano-photocatalyst synthesized by sol-gel method

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第10期25卷 3271-3278页

作者： V.UMAPATHY A.MANIKANDAN S.ARUL ANTONY P.ramu P.NEERAJA Research and Development Centre Bharathiar University Caplin Point Laboratories Limited Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry Presidency College Department of Chemistry Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research Department of Chemistry Adhiyamaan College of Engineering

Bismuth molybdate （Bi2MoO6） nano-particles （NPs） were synthesized using bismuth nitrate, ammonium molybdate, citric acid and ethyl cellulose by a simple sol-gel method. The structure, morphology, opto-magnetic and photocatalytic properties of the obtained powder were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectra, high resolution scanning electron microscopy （HRSEM）, energy dispersive X-ray （EDX）, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra （DRS）, photoluminescence （PL） spectra and vibrating sample magnetometer （VSM） techniques. The XRD, FT-IR and EDX results indicate that the resultant powder is pure and single phase crystalline Bi2MoO6 with orthorhombic structure. The HRSEM image shows that the morphology of obtained powder consists with well defined nano-particles structure. The VSM results show superparamagnetic behavior of the obtained nano-particles. The photocatalytic activity of Bi2MoO6 nano-particles was performed. The addition of TiO2 catalyst enhances the photocatalytic activity of Bi2MoO6 nano-particles. The catalysts Bi2MoO6, TiO2 and mixed oxide catalyst Bi2MoO6-TiO2 nano-composites （NCs） were tested for the photocatalytic degradation （PCD） of 4-chlorophenol （4-CP）. It is found that the PCD efficiency of Bi2MoO6-TiO2 NCs is higher than that of pure Bi2MoO6 and TiO2 catalysts.

关键词： Bi2MoO6 nanostructure sol-gel synthesis optical properties magnetic properties photocatalyst

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Development,characterization and solubility enhancement of comparative dissolution study of second generation of solid dispersions and microspheres for poorly water soluble drug

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第5期10卷 433-441页

作者： Poovi Ganesan Rajpriyadarsini Soundararajan Uma Shanmugam Vinothini ramu Department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyMother Theresa Post Graduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences(A Government of Puducherry Institution)Puducherry 605006India

The poor dissolution characteristics of water-insoluble drugs are a major challenge for pharmaceutical *** of the particle size/increase in the surface area of the drug is a widely used and relatively simple method for increasing dissolution *** objective of this study was to improve solubility,release and comparability of dissolution of a poorly soluble drug using two different types of formulations(solid dispersions and microspheres).Hydrochlorothiazide was used as a model *** solid dispersions and microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method using ethyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in different drug-to-carrier ratios(1:1,1:2 w:w).The prepared formulations were evaluated for interaction study by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry,percentage of practical yield,drug loading,surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy,optical microscopy and in-vitro release *** results showed no interaction between the drug and polymer,amorphous state of solid dispersions and microspheres,percentage yield of 42.53%to 78.10%,drug content of 99.60%to 99.64%,good spherical appearance in formulation VI and significant increase in the dissolution rate.

关键词： Hydrochlorothiazide Ethyl cellulose Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Second generation solid dispersion Microsphere Solvent evaporation method

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Model for mucus transport in the airways due to air motion： Effect of slipperiness

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第5期9卷 171-183页

作者： Dipak Kumar Satpathi Kota Venkata Ratnamt Adepalli ramu Department of Mathematics Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani Hyderabad Campus Jawahar Nagar Shameerpet Rangaveddy District 500078 India

In this paper, a circular three-layer flow model is proposed to study mucus transport in the airways due to air motion caused by mild forced expiration or mild coughing. Mucus is represented by four-parameter viscoelastic fluid, a combination of Maxwell and Voigt elements, whereas air and serous fluid are taken as Newtonian fluids （incompressible）. The pressure gradient generated in the fluid layers is assumed to be given by a time- dependent function representing mild forced expiration or mild cough in the airways causing laminar flow. The effect of slip velocity at the mucus-serous interface caused by the presence of surfactant and at the top surface caused by immotile cilia are Mso taken into account. The roles of rheological properties of mucus on its transport are studied. The effect of serous fluid and its viscosity on mucus transport is also considered.

关键词： Viscoelastic Maxwell fluid mucus serous layer surfactant

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