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Targeting epigenetic mechanisms in amyloid-β-mediated Alzheimer’s pathophysiology:unveiling therapeutic potential

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 54-66页

作者： Jennie Z.Li Nagendran ramalingam shaomin Li Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Alzheimer’s disease is a prominent chronic neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in memory leading to *** evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s disease is associated with accumulating various amyloid-βoligomers in the brain,influenced by complex genetic and environmental *** memory and cognitive deficits observed during the prodromal and mild cognitive impairment phases of Alzheimer’s disease are believed to primarily result from synaptic *** life,environmental factors can lead to enduring changes in gene expression and the emergence of brain *** changes,known as epigenetic modifications,also play a crucial role in regulating the formation of synapses and their adaptability in response to neuronal *** this context,we highlight recent advances in understanding the roles played by key components of the epigenetic machinery,specifically DNA methylation,histone modification,and microRNAs,in the development of Alzheimer’s disease,synaptic function,and activity-dependent synaptic ***,we explore various strategies,including enriched environments,exposure to non-invasive brain stimulation,and the use of pharmacological agents,aimed at improving synaptic function and enhancing long-term potentiation,a process integral to epigenetic ***,we deliberate on the development of effective epigenetic agents and safe therapeutic approaches for managing Alzheimer’s *** suggest that addressing Alzheimer’s disease may require distinct tailored epigenetic drugs targeting different disease stages or pathways rather than relying on a single drug.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease DNA methylation enriched environments histone modification microRNAs non-invasive brain stimulation synaptic plasticity

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Enhancing fatigue performance of AZ31 magnesium alloy components fabricated by cold metal transfer-based wire arc directed energy deposition through LPB

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1638-1662页

作者： shambhu kumar Manjhi srikanth Bontha A.s.s.Balan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalSrinivasanagarMangaloreKarnataka 575025India

Cold Metal Transfer-Based Wire Arc Directed Energy Deposition(CMT-WA-DED)presents a promising avenue for the rapid fabrication of components crucial to automotive,shipbuilding,and aerospace ***,the susceptibility to fatigue of CMT-WA-DED-produced AZ31 Mg alloy components has impeded their widespread adoption for critical load-bearing *** this study,a comprehensive investigation into the fatigue behaviour of WA-DED-fabricated AZ31 Mg alloy has been carried out and compared to commercially available wrought AZ31 *** findings indicate that the as-deposited parts exhibit a lower fatigue life than wrought Mg alloy,primarily due to poor surface finish,tensile residual stress,porosity,and coarse grain microstructure inherent in the WA-DED *** Plasticity Burnishing(LPB)treatment is applied to mitigate these issues,which induce significant plastic deformation on the *** treatment resulted in a remarkable improvement of fatigue life by 42%,accompanied by a reduction in surface roughness,grain refinement and enhancement of compressive residual stress ***,during cyclic deformation,WA-DED specimens exhibited higher plasticity and dislocation density compared to both wrought and WA-DED+LPB specimens.A higher fraction of Low Angle Grain Boundaries(LAGBs)in WA-DED specimens contributed to multiple crack initiation sites and convoluted crack paths,ultimately leading to premature *** contrast,wrought and WA-DED+LPB specimens displayed a higher percentage of High Angle Grain Boundaries(HAGBs),which hindered dislocation movement and resulted in fewer crack initiation sites and less complex crack paths,thereby extending fatigue *** findings underscore the effectiveness of LPB as a post-processing technique to enhance the fatigue performance of WA-DED-fabricated AZ31 Mg alloy *** study highlights the importance of LPB surface treatment on AZ31 Mg components produced by CMT-WA-DED to remove surface d

关键词： Wire arc additive manufacturing AZ31 Mg alloy Low plasticity burnishing Low cycle fatigue test strain amplitude

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Bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and disease:molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2014-2064页

作者： Joshua s.Fleishman sunil kumar Department of Pharmaceutical sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensNYUSA

Bile acids,once considered mere dietary surfactants,now emerge as critical modulators of macronutrient(lipid,carbohydrate,protein)metabolism and the systemic pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory *** acid metabolism and signaling pathways play a crucial role in protecting against,or if aberrant,inducing cardiometabolic,inflammatory,and neoplastic conditions,strongly influencing health and *** curative treatment exists for any bile acid influenced disease,while the most promising and well-developed bile acid therapeutic was recently rejected by the ***,we provide a bottom-up approach on bile acids,mechanistically explaining their biochemistry,physiology,and pharmacology at canonical and non-canonical *** this mechanistic model of bile acids,we explain how abnormal bile acid physiology drives disease pathogenesis,emphasizing how ceramide synthesis may serve as a unifying pathogenic feature for cardiometabolic *** provide an in-depth summary on pre-existing bile acid receptor modulators,explain their shortcomings,and propose solutions for how they may be ***,we rationalize novel targets for further translational drug discovery and provide future *** than dismissing bile acid therapeutics due to recent setbacks,we believe that there is immense clinical potential and a high likelihood for the future success of bile acid therapeutics.

关键词： metabolism rejected shortcomings

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Dilation,discrimination and Uhlmann's theorem of link products of quantum channels

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 201-206页

作者：雷强操刘桁 Asutosh kumar 武俊德 school of Mathematical sciences Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Physics Gaya CollegeMagadh UniversityRampurGaya 823001India school of Mathematical sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

We establish the stinespring dilation theorem of the link product of quantum channels in two different ways,discuss the discrimination of quantum channels,and show that the distinguishability can be improved by self-linking each quantum channel n times as n *** also find that the maximum value of Uhlmann's theorem can be achieved for diagonal channels.

关键词： quantum channels link products stinespring dilation theorem Uhlmann's theorem

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Protected simultaneous quantum remote state preparation scheme by weak and reversal measurements in noisy environments

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 169-177页

作者： Mandal Manoj kumar Choudhury Binayak s. samanta soumen Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpur B.GardenHowrah 711103West BengalIndia

We discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and Candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver Bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled Bell state is known to Candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping(AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is possible to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IBMQ platform.

关键词： multi-qubit entangled channel quantum remote state preparation noisy environments weak and reversal measurements

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Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells: Future regenerative medicine for clinical applications in mitigation of radiation injury

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World Journal of stem Cells 2024年第7期16卷 742-759页

作者： Prashasti sharma Dharmendra kumar Maurya Life sciences Homi Bhabha National InstituteMumbai 400094MaharashtraIndia Radiation Biology&Health sciences Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085MaharashtraIndia

Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells(WJ-MsCs)are gaining significant attention in regenerative medicine for their potential to treat degenerative diseases and mitigate radiation ***-MsCs are more naïve and have a better safety profile,making them suitable for both autologous and allogeneic *** review highlights the regenerative potential of WJ-MsCs and their clinical applications in mitigating various types of radiation *** this review,we will also describe why WJ-MsCs will become one of the most probable stem cells for future regenerative medicine along with a balanced view on their strengths and ***,the most updated literature related to both preclinical and clinical usage of WJ-MsCs for their potential application in the regeneration of tissues and organs will also be compiled.

关键词： stem cells Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells Radiotherapy Xerostomia Lung fibrosis

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Enhancing Multicriteria-Based Recommendations by Alleviating scalability and sparsity Issues Using Collaborative Denoising Autoencoder

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2269-2286页

作者： s.Abinaya K.Uttej kumar school of Computer science&Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamilnadu600127India

A Recommender system(Rs)is a crucial part of several firms,particularly those involved in *** conventional Rs,a user may only offer a single rating for an item-that is insufficient to perceive consumer ***,businesses in industries like e-learning and tourism enable customers to rate a product using a variety of factors to comprehend customers’*** the other hand,the collaborative filtering(CF)algorithm utilizing AutoEncoder(AE)is seen to be effective in identifying user-interested ***,the cost of these computations increases nonlinearly as the number of items and users *** triumph over the issues,a novel expanded stacked autoencoder(EsAE)with Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering(KFCM)technique is proposed with two *** the first phase of offline,the sparse multicriteria rating matrix is smoothened to a complete matrix by predicting the users’intact rating by the EsAE approach and users are clustered using the KFCM *** the next phase of online,the top-N recommendation prediction is made by the EsAE approach involving only the most similar user from multiple *** the EsAE_KFCM model upgrades the prediction accuracy of 98.2%in Top-N recommendation with a minimized recommendation generation *** experimental check on the Yahoo!Movies(YM)movie dataset and TripAdvisor(TA)travel dataset confirmed that the EsAE_KFCM model constantly outperforms conventional Rs algorithms on a variety of assessment measures.

关键词： Recommender systems multicriteria rating collaborative filtering sparsity issue scalability issue stacked-autoencoder Kernel Fuzzy C-Means Clustering

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Fuzzy Reliability and Availability of system under a Calendar-based Inspection Involving Multiple Failures and Its Application to Wind Turbine system

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Journal of systems science and systems Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 187-206页

作者： Mintu kumar Himani Pant s.B.singh Department of Mathematics statistics and Computer science G.B.Pant University of AgricultureTechnologyPantnagarUttarakhandIndia

Uncertainty is an important factor that needs to be considered while analyzing the performance of any engineering *** order to quantify uncertainty,fuzzy set theory is frequently used by most of researchers,including energy system *** to the classical reliability theory,component lifetimes have crisp parameters,but due to uncertainty and inaccuracy in data,it is sometimes very difficult to determine the exact values of these parameters in real-world *** overcome this difficulty in the current research,failure and repair rates were taken as triangular fuzzy numbers to determine the fuzzy availability of a system undergoing calendar-based periodic inspection subject to multiple failure modes(FMs).It was assumed that each component in the system had an exponential failure rate and repair rate with fuzzy *** FMs were explicitly taken into account when a functional state of the system was *** FM had a random failure *** the occurrence of any failure,a random time was selected for the relevant corrective repair *** proposed research was studied for one of the major sources of green energy,namely a wind turbine system wherein all the derived propositions have been implemented on it.

关键词： Fuzzy reliability fuzzy availability wind turbine system multiple failure modes triangular fuzzy number

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Identification of gene classifier and modules associated with sARs-CoV-2 ARI in nasal swab

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 38-41页

作者： Pandikannan Krishnamoorthy Athira s.Raj Himanshu kumar Department of Biological sciences Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Disease BiologyIndian Institute of Science Education and Research(llSER)BhopalBhopalMP 462066India Laboratory of Host Defense WPl ImmunologyFrontier ResearchCentreOsakaUniversityOsaka 5650871Japan

During a sudden viral pandemic,where the pathogenesis and nature of the infection are unclear,early and accurate identification of the patients infected with the pandemiccausing pathogen is crucial to prevent excess *** the coronavirus disease 2019(COvID-19)pandemic,early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus-2(sARs-CoV-2)is limited by the incidence of the symptoms that are shared with acute respiratory illnesses(ARl)caused by other pathogens.

关键词： acute diagnosis respiratory

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Laparoscopic management of remnant gall bladder with stones: Lessons from a tertiary care centre's experience

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic surgery 2024年第1期7卷 27-33页

作者： Gilbert samuel Jebakumar Jeevanandham Muthiah Loganathan Jayapal R.santhosh kumar siddhesh Tasgaonkar K.s.santhosh Anand J.K.A.Jameel sudeepta kumar swain K.J.Raghunath Prasanna kumar Reddy Tirupporur Govindaswamy Balachandar Department of surgical Gastroenterology Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India Department of General surgery Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India Department of Minimal Access surgery Apollo HospitalsChennai 600006India

Objective:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently the gold standard for treating symptomatic gallstone *** its success,approximately 10%of patients may experience persistent biliary symptoms,leading to the post-cholecystectomy syndrome.A remnant gallbladder with cystic duct or bile duct stones is one of the causes of this *** objective of this study was to shed light on the clinical manifestations,evaluation,therapeutic strategies,and outcomes associated with laparoscopic management of symptomatic remnant ***:This was a retrospective study,conducted over a five-year period(January 2017 to December 2022)at Apollo Hospitals in south *** patients who underwent laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for a remnant gall bladder were *** following data were collected:patient demographics,symptoms,preoperative investigations,intraoperative details and post operative ***:In total,36 patients were included and *** majority of patients were male(25,69.4%),with a mean age of 50.7±12.1 *** most common presentation was pain in the upper abdomen or right upper quadrant region(24,66.7%).The laparoscopic approach was attempted in all patients,with a success rate of 94.4%.Two patients required conversion to open *** fistula to the colon was observed in one *** was observed in 7 patients(19.4%),and stone clearance was successfully achieved using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in all patients ***:Incomplete gall bladder removal either intentionally or unintentionally leaves a remnant gall bladder that is at risk for stone formation and *** who have this clinical entity with symptoms require a redo or complete cholecystectomy,a complex procedure associated with certain *** study highlights the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy for the management of remnant gallbladder

关键词： Remnant gall bladder stump cholecystitis subtotal cholecystectomy Laparoscopic completion cholecystectomy

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