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Single-molecule DNA sequencing using two-dimensionalTi2C(OH)2 MXene nanopores: A first-principles investigation

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9843-9849页

作者： Jariyanee Prasongkit Sirichok Jungthawan Rodrigo G.Amorim ralph H.Scheicher Division of Physics Faculty of ScienceNakhon Phanom UniversityNakhon Phanom 48000Thailand School of Physics Institute of ScienceSuranaree University of Technology111 University AveNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Center of excellence in Advanced Functional Materials Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Thailand Center of excellence in Physics Ministry of Higher EducationScienceResearch and Innovation328 Si Ayutthaya RoadBangkok 10400Thailand Departamento de Física ICExUniversidade Federal Fluminense-UFFVolta Redonda/RJ 27213-145Brazil Division of Materials Theory Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75120Sweden

Nanopore-based devices have provided exciting opportunities to develop affordable label-free DNA sequencing *** a decade ago,graphene has been proposed as a two-dimensional(2D)nanopore membrane in order to achieve single-base ***,it was experimentally revealed that clogging of the graphene nanopore can occur due to the hydrophobic nature of graphene,thus hindering the translocation of *** overcome this problem,the exploration of alternative 2D materials has gained considerable interest over the last *** we show that a Ti_(2)C-based MXene nanopore functionalized by hydroxyl groups(–OH)exhibits transverse conductance properties that allow for the distinction between all four naturally occurring DNA *** have used a combination of density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function method to sample over multiple orientations of the nucleotides in the nanopore,as generated from molecular dynamics *** conductance variation resulting from sweeping an applied gate voltage demonstrates that the Ti_(2)C-based MXene nanopore possesses high potential to rapidly and reliably sequence *** findings open the door to further theoretical and experimental explorations of MXene nanopores as a promising 2D material for nanopore-based DNA sensing.

关键词： nanopore DNA sequencing MXenes first-principles quantum transport

endoscopic debridement for non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy with and without platelet-rich plasma

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 275-280页

作者： Hajo Thermann ralph Fischer Nikolaos Gougoulias Lucio Cipollaro Nicola Maffulli HKF-International Center for Hip Foot and Knee SurgeryBismarckstrae 9-1569115 HeidelbergGermany Footsurgery Clinic 54631 ThessalonikiGreece Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders Faculty of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of SalernoSalerno 89100Italy Department of Medicine Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoVia S.Allende84081 Baronissi(SA)Italy Centre for Sports and exercise Medicine Barts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryMile End Hospital275 Bancroft RoadLondon E14DGQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele University Faculty of MedicineThornburrow DriveStoke on TrentST47QBUK

Background:When non-operative management fails to improve symptoms in patients with non-insertional Achilles tendinopathy,surgery may be *** open and endoscopic techniques have been proposed,and platelet-rich plasma(PRP)injections have been proposed as an adjunct to aid tendon ***:Thirty-six patients with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy were randomized to undergo endoscopic debridement alone(n=19)or in combination with intraoperative PRP application(n=17).Clinical outcome measures included the Visual Analogue Scale for pain,function,and satisfaction and the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment-Achilles(VISA-A)*** were followed-up at 6 weeks,3months,6 months,and 12 months after *** MRI examination at 3 and 12 months was used to assess signal alterations within the ***:Both groups showed significant clinical improvement(per surgery,with no difference between the 2 *** diameter increased at 3 months and decreased at 12 *** tendinopathy area increased at 3 months and decreased at 12 months below baseline level in both *** was no significant difference between the groups regarding the MRI *** thickening and MRIdetected signal alteration persisted after surgery,with no association between imaging and clinical *** minor complications were reported:2 in the PRP group and 3 in the control ***:endoscopic debridement of the Achilles tendon improved clinical outcomes in patients with mid-portion *** addition of PRP did not improve outcomes compared to debridement *** parameters showed no association with clinical outcomes.

关键词： Achilles tendon endoscopic Non-insertional PRP Tendinopathy

The Involvement of Lipids in Alzheimer's Disease

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2014年第5期41卷 261-274页

作者： Wei Ling Florence Lim Ian James Martins ralph Nigel Martins School of Medical Sciences Edith Cowan University Centre of excellence in Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care McCusker Foundation for Alzheimer's Disease Research Inc. Suite 22 Hollywood Medical Centre School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences The University of Western Australia

It has been estimated that Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, the most common form of dementia, will affect approximately 81 million individuals by 2040. To date, the actual cause and cascade of events in the progression of this disease have not been fully determined. Furthermore, there is currently no definitive blood test or simple diagnostic method for AD. Considerable efforts have been put into proteomic approaches to develop a diagnostic blood test, but to date these efforts have not been successful. More recently, there has been a stronger focus on lipidomic studies in the hope of increasing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to AD and developing an AD blood test. It is well known that the strongest genetic risk factor for AD is the e4 variant of apolipoprotein e （APOe）. evidence suggests that the Apoe protein, a major lipid transporter, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of AD, and its role in both normal and aberrant lipid metabolism warrants further extensive investigation. Here, we review Apoe-lipid interactions, as well as the roles that lipids may play in the pathogenesis of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Lipids Apoe Oxysterols Inflammation

Nanometer ultrastructural brain damage following low intensity primary blast wave exposure

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第9期13卷 1516-1519页

作者： Hailong Song Landry M. Konan Jiankun Cui Catherine e. Johnson Graham K. Hubler ralph G. DePalma Zezong Gu Department of Pathology & Anatomical Sciences University of Missouri School of Medicine Columbia MO USA Department of Mining and Nuclear engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO USA Office of Research and Development Department of Veterans Affairs Washington DC USA Truman VA Hospital Research Service Columbia MO USA

Blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury（m TBI） is of particular concern among military personnel due to exposure to blast energy during military training and *** impact of primary low-intensity blast mediated pathophysiology upon later neurobehavioral disorders has been *** a military preclinical blast model to simulate the pathophysiology of human blast injury is an important first *** article provides an overview of primary blast effects and perspectives of our recent studies demonstrating ultrastructural changes in the brain and behavioral disorders resulting from open-field blast exposures up to 46.6 k Pa using a murine *** model is scalable and permits exposure to varying magnitudes of primary blast injuries by placing animals at different distances from the blast center or by changing the amount of C4 *** here review the implications and future applications and directions of using this animal model to uncover the underlying mechanisms related to primary blast ***,these studies offer the prospect of enhanced understanding of the pathogenesis of primary low-intensity blast-induced TBI and insights for prevention,diagnosis and treatment of blast induced TBI,particularly m TBI/concussion related to current combat exposures.

关键词： mild traumatic brain injury openfield blast primary blast wave blast physics animal model altrastructural abnormalities behavior

Water System Condition and Asset Replacement Prioritization

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2023年第5期15卷 165-178页

作者： Frederick Bloetscher Zachary Farmer James Barton Teresa Chapman Paula Fonseca Monica shaner Civil Environmental and Geomatics Engineering Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton Florida USA Boynton Beach FL USA

The goal of asset management is to identify and track the maintenance and replacement of assets that have reached their useful life. For that reason, gathering data and collecting information is a critical step when developing an asset management plan. Such data gathering includes physical and operational properties of the assets as well as collecting and tracking important events during the lifespan of the asset (i.e., pipe breaks, replacement year, maintenance performed, etc.). Critical factors in the asset management plan may be overlooked when there is no data or poor quality data. However, many utilities lack the resources for examining buried infrastructure and lack good quality work order data, so other methods of data collection are needed. The concept for this paper was to develop a means to acquire data on the assets for a condition assessment to identify pipes that were most likely to break and those with the highest consequences for same. Three utilities were used as examples. It was found that for buried infrastructure, much more information was known than anticipated but the actual predictions relied on only a few factors related to pipe type. However, there is a need to track the consequences, in this case breaks, which would indicate a failure. The latter would be useful for predicting future maintenance needs and the most at-risk assets, but is often missing in utility systems as many utilities do not adequately track breaks sufficiently. In this case two utilities were analyzed and predication on a third was developed.

关键词： Water Main Predicted Failure Asset Management Pipe Failure Water Distributions

Cancer stem cells, stemness markers and selected drug targeting: metastatic colorectal cancer and cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin e2 connection to WNT as a model system

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第1期4卷 18-40页

作者： Reem Ali ALHulais Stephen John ralph School of Medical Sciences Griffith University Menzies Health Institute Queensland Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia

Few studies have reported on the analyses of drugs targeting enriched populations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a means for identifying potent anti-CSC agents. This review evaluates recent information on the identification and functions of specific CSC surface markers, with particular emphasis on colorectal cancers and the screening of drugs to eliminate such cells. Many of these CSC markers are found commonly expressed on CSCs from different cancer types as well as embryonic stem cells. These markers are often related to hypoxic activation of the WNT/b-catenin pathway, cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin e signalling and their relationship to LGR5. By effectively using drugs that inhibit these pathways to kill the CSC population, or otherwise forcing them out of dormancy into active cell division, cancers should become more susceptible to chemotherapy. Such combinational therapies targeting both CSCs and proliferating tumor cells should greatly improve upon the current basis for treatment.

关键词： Cancer stem cells colorectal cancer markers selective drug targeting

Predicting erosion and sediment yield in a mesoscale basin in the semiarid monsoon region Miyun/China

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ecological Processes 2014年第1期3卷 214-224页

作者： Michael Gebel Mario Uhlig Stefan Halbfass ralph Meissner Shuhuai Duan Gesellschaft für Angewandte Landschaftsforschung(GALF)bR Am Ende 1401277 DresdenGermany Department of Soil Physics Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZLysimeter StationDorfstraße 5539615 FalkenbergGermany Beijing Soil and Water Conservation Center(BWA) No.5 Yunuantan South RoadBeijing 100038Haidian DistrictChina

Introduction:Changes in land use and agricultural management have caused a strong increase in sediment and particulate phosphorus input into the Miyun *** simulation of the relevant runoff and sediment fluxes at the mesoscale needs adequate procedures,adapted to a semiarid monsoon climate and regional land-use ***:The modified Universal Soil Loss equation(USLe-M)was integrated into the STOFFBILANZ model to calculate daily soil losses in the entire Miyun catchment *** results are well within the range of monitoring data from Wischmeier plots that are located inside the investigation *** the reference year 2009,soil erosion was estimated at an average of 952 kg ha^(-1) year^(-1).Daily based simulation of sediment input into surface waters was done in the next step,taking into account the likeliness of sediment input and sediment delivery *** sediment inputs are by 113 kg ha^(-1) year^(-1).Critical source areas are located on cropland and are particularly relevant on the former lakebed of the Miyun reservoir which has recently been used for corn ***:Compared with observation data from the Bai and Chao rivers,the simulation of sediment loads showed a satisfying agreement that underlines the suitability of the selected approach to substitute recently used one-year balances based on the Universal Soil Loss equation(USLe)*** tillage was selected as a possible mitigation option to reduce soil erosion and sediment *** to the limited availability of spatial and monitoring data,the simulations are approximate and only a first step in contributing to an integrated river basin management that should be improved in future.

关键词： Direct runoff Mesoscale Miyun Model Sediment input Soil erosion STOFFBILANZ

IN VIVO NeAR-INFRAReDFLUOReSCeNCeIMAGING OF HUMANCOLONADeNOCARCINOMABY SPeCIFIC IMMUNOTARGeTINGOFA TUMOR-ASSOCIATeDMUCIN

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第4期2卷 407-422页

作者： ralph S.DACOSTA YING TANG TUULA KALLIOMAKI RAYMOND M.ReILLY ROBeRT WeeRSINK ALISHA R.eLFORD NORMAN e.MARCON BRIAN C.WILSON Division of Biophysics and Bioimaging Ontario Cancer Institute 610 University of TorontoTorontoOntarioM5G 2M9Canada Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Princess Margaret Hospital/Ontario Cancer Institute University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada NIH/NCI Radiation Oncology Branch BethesdaMDUSA Division of Clinical Investigation and Human Physiology Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and University of Toronto Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy TorontoOntarioCanada Laboratory for Applied Biophotonics University Health Network TorontoOntarioCanada Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research University Health Network/Ontario Cancer Institute Department of Medical Biophysics and Immunology Toronto OntarioCanada St.Michael’s Hospital Center for Therapeutic endoscopy and endoscopic Oncology Toronto OntarioCanada

Background and Aims: Accurate endoscopic detection of premalignant lesions and earlycancers in the colon is essential for cure, since prognosis is closely related to lesion size andstage. Although it has great clinical potential, autofluorescence endoscopy has limited tumorto-normal tissue image contrast for detecting small preneoplastic lesions. We have developed amolecularly specific, near-infrared fluorescent monoclonal antibody (CC49) bioconjugate whichtargets tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72), as a contrast agent to improve fluorescencebased endoscopy of colon cancer. Methods: The fluorescent anti-TAG72 conjugate was evaluated in vitro and in vivo in athymic nude mice bearing human colon adenocarcinoma (LS174T)subcutaneous tumors. Autofluorescence, a fluorescent but irrelevant antibody and the free fluorescent dye served as controls. Fluorescent agents were injected intravenously, and in vivowhole body fluorescence imaging was performed at various time points to determine pharmacokinetics, followed by ex vivo tissue analysis by confocal fluorescence microscopy and histology Results: Fluorescence microscopy and histology confirmed specific LS174T cell membrane targeting of labeled CC49 in vitro and ex vivo. In vivo fluorescence imaging demonstrated significant tumor-to-normal tissue contrast enhancement with labeled-CC49 at three hours postinjection, with maximum contrast after 48 h. Accumulation of tumor fluorescence demonstratedthat modification of CC49 antibodies did not alter their specific tumor-localizing properties, andwas antibody-dependent since controls did not produce detectable tumor fluorescence. Conclusions: These results show proof-of-principle that our near-infrared fluorescent-antibody probetargeting a tumor-associated mucin detects colonic tumors at the molecular level in real time,and offer a basis for future improvement of image contrast during clinical fluorescence endoscopy.

关键词： Autofluorescence imaging endoscopy colon adenocarcinoma TAG72 CC49 mucin monoclonal antibody conjugate confocal fluorescence microscopy.

eL NINO/SOUTHeRN OSCILLATION SIGNALS IN THe GLOBAL TROPICAL OCeAN

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1988年第1期5卷 35-45页

作者：符淙斌,董东风,ralph Slutz,Joseph Fletcher Cooperative Institute for Research in environmental Sciences (CIReS) University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Academia Sinica Beijing Institute of Atmospheric Physics Academia Sinica Beijing Cooperative Institute for Research in environmental Sciences (CIReS) University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309

The monthly mean sea surface temperature data of 6 areas are used to study the el Nino/Southern Oscillation signals in the global tropical ocean. These areas are in the 5°N-5°S latitude zone at 1) eastern Pacific (110°-140°W), 2) western Atlantic (30°-50°W), 3) eastern Atlantic (10°W-10°e), 4) western Indian Ocean (30°-50°e), 5) central Indian Ocean (70°-90°e) and 6) far western Pacific (120°-140°e), and the data cover the 120-month period of December 1968 to November 1978.A power spectrum analysis shows that the characteristic time of the el Nino/Southern Oscillation (about 3-4 years) appears not only in the eastern Pacific but also in other areas of the tropics except for the western Pacific, where the spectrum is of white noise. The amplitude of oscillation in the eastern Pacific is about 4 times larger than the others, making the el Nino/Southern Oscillation signal the strongest in this area. According to a cross-spectrum analysis, there is no time lag between the variation in the cent

关键词： Nino area very eL NINO/SOUTHeRN OSCILLATION SIGNALS IN THe GLOBAL TROPICAL OCeAN