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Tumor heterogeneity and therapy resistance-implications for future treatments of prostate cancer

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2017年第1期3卷 302-314页

作者： Fiona M.Frame Amanda R.Noble Sandra Klein Hannah F.Walker rakesh suman Richard Kasprowicz Vin M.Mann Matt S.Simms Norman J.Maitland Cancer Research Unit Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonNorth Yorkshire YO105DDUK Black Family Stem Cell Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029USA Phase Focus Limited Electric WorksSheffield Digital CampusSheffield S12BJUK Department of Urology Castle Hill Hospital(Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust)Cottingham HU165JQUK Hull York Medical School University of HullHull HU67RXUK.

Aim:To develop new therapies for prostate cancer,disease heterogeneity must be *** includes patient variation,multi-focal disease,cellular heterogeneity,genomic changes and epigenetic *** requires more representative models to be used in more innovative ***:This study used a panel of cell lines and primary prostate epithelial cell cultures derived from patient *** assays were used;alamar blue,colony forming assays,γH2AX and Ki67 immunofluorescence and comet *** quantitative phase imaging(QPI),a label-free imaging technique,combined with Cell Analysis Toolbox software,was implemented to carry out real-time analysis of cells and to retrieve morphological,kinetic and population ***:A combination of radiation and Vorinostat may be more effective than radiation *** prostate cancer stem-like cells are more resistant to etoposide than more differentiated *** of QPI images showed that cell lines and primary cells differ in their size,motility and proliferation rate.A QPI signature was developed in order to identify two subpopulations of cells within a heterogeneous primary ***:Use of primary prostate epithelial cultures allows assessment of therapies whilst taking into account cellular *** of rare cell populations and embracing novel techniques may ultimately lead to identifying and overcoming treatment resistance.

关键词： Prostate ptychography live-cell imaging primary cells quantitative phase imaging

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Genetic diversity analysis of Lepidium sativum(Chandrasur) using inter simple sequence repeat(ISSR) markers

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 107-114页

作者： Amandeep Kaur rakesh Kumar suman Rani Anita Grewal Department of Biotechnology University Institute of Engineering & Technology Kurukshetra University

Lepidium sativum（commonly known as garden cress） belongs to the family Brassicaceae. It is a fastgrowing erect, annual herbaceous plant. Its seeds possess significant fracture healing, anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic,hypoglycemic, nephrocurative and nephroprotective activities. In the present study, we assessed the genetic diversity of various genotypes of L. sativum using inter-simple sequence repeat（ISSR） markers. Out of 41 ISSR primers screened, 32 primers showed significant, clear and reproducible bands. A total of 510 amplified bands were obtained using 32 ISSR primers, out of which 422 bands were polymorphic and 88 bands were monomorphic. The percentage of polymorphism was found to be 82. A total of 35 unique alleles ranging insize from 200 to 2,900 bp were *** analysis based on unweighted pair-group method,arithmetic mean divided the 18 genotypes into two main clusters, with the first having only HCS-08 genotype of *** and other having all of the other 17 genotypes. The Jaccard similarity coefficient revealed a broad range32–72 % genetic relatedness among the 18 genotypes.

关键词： ISSR Genetic diversity Polymorphism Lepidium sativum Cluster analysis

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Endoscopic balloon dilation for benign gastric outlet obstruction in adults

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2010年第1期2卷 29-35页

作者： rakesh Kochhar suman Kochhar Department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Radiodiagnosis Government Medical College and HospitalChandigarh 160020India

Gastric outlet obstruction(GOO) includes obstruction in the antropyloric area or in the bulbar or post bulbar duodenal *** malignancy remains the most common cause of GOO in adults,a significant number of patients have benign *** latter include peptic ulcer disease,caustic ingestion,post-operative anastomotic state and inflammatory causes like Crohn's disease and *** ulcer remains the most common benign cause of *** of benign GOO revolves around confirmation of the etiology,removing the offending agent Helicobacter pylori(***),non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,*** definitive ***,surgery has been the standard mode of treatment for benign ***,after the advent of through-the-scope balloon dilators,endoscopic balloon dilation(EBD) has emerged as an effective alternative to surgery in selected groups of *** far,this form of therapy has been shown to be effective in causticinduced GOO with short segment cicatrization and ulcer related *** the latter,EBD must be combined with eradication of *** is preferably done with wire-guided balloon catheters of incremental diameter with the aim to reach the end-point of 15 *** it is recommended that fluoroscopic control be used for EBD,this is not used by most *** of dilation has varied from once a week to once in three *** are uncommon with perforation occurring more often with balloons larger than 15 *** to augment efficacy of EBD include intralesional steroids and endoscopic incision.

关键词： Gastric outlet obstruction Endoscopic balloon dilation Helicobacter pylori Management Adult Benign

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Pytoremediation of fluoroquinolone group of antibiotics from waste water

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Natural Science 2013年第12期5卷 21-27页

作者： Shalini A. Tandon rakesh Kumar suman A. Yadav Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts Science and Commerce Mumbai India National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (N.E.E.R.I.) Mumbai Zonal Laboratory Mumbai India SIES College of Arts Science and Commerce Mumbai India

The study involved selection of wetland plant species hyper efficient in removing fluoroquinolone group of antibiotics so that they can be used in a constructed wetland system patented by NEERI, India (European Patent Office (EPO) Pub. No.: WO2004087584) or any other constructed wetland. Phyto removal of these antibiotics at such high concentrations without any toxic effect on the plant species is very useful as incomplete removal of certain antibiotics such as Ciprofloxacin, and Ofloxacin from waste waters is of concern due to their health effects if they do persist in finished waters even at ng/l levels. Five different wetland plant species which were also tested for their efficiency to treat municipal wastewater were used to test their efficiency to scavenge commonly used fluoroquinolone antibiotics (which are not degraded easily) namely Ciprofloxacin, Gemifloxacin mesylate, Ofloxacin and Gatifloxacin from aqueous medium (Hoagland-Arnon solution). EC double beam UV-VIS spectrophotometer was used to obtain lambda max of Ciprofloxacin, Gemifloxacin mesylate, Ofloxacin and Gatifloxacin in Hoagland-Arnon solution. The most efficient plant species for each antibiotic were selected and tested again for confirmation of antibiotic removal efficiency at a high concentration of 50 mg/l of each antibiotic. Taxodium distichum was found to be the most suitable for the removal of Ofloxacin, Gatifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin showing maximum removal of 32 mg/l (on 6th day), 21 mg/l (on 8th day), 32 mg/l (on 9th day), respectively and Canna indica was found to be the most suitable for removal of Gemifloxacin mesylate showing maximum removal of 38 mg/l (on 8th day).

关键词： Constructed Wetland Waste Water Treatment Wetland Plant Species Fluoroquinolone

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Pancreatic fluid collections: What is the ideal imaging technique?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第48期21卷 13403-13410页

作者： Narendra Dhaka Jayanta Samanta suman Kochhar Navin Kalra Sreekanth Appasani Manish Manrai rakesh Kochhar Departments of Gastro-enterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Department of Radiodiagnosis Government Medical College and Hospital Department of Radiodiagnosis Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

Pancreatic fluid collections(PFCs) are seen in up to 50% of cases of acute pancreatitis. The Revised Atlanta classification categorized these collections on the basis of duration of disease and contents, whether liquid alone or a mixture of fluid and necrotic debris. Management of these different types of collections differs because of the variable quantity of debris; while patients with pseudocysts can be drained by straight-forward stent placement, walledoff necrosis requires multi-disciplinary approach. Differentiating these collections on the basis of clinical severity alone is not reliable, so imaging is primarily performed. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is the commonly used modality for the diagnosis and assessment of proportion of solid contents in PFCs; however with certain limitations such as use of iodinated contrast material especially in renal failure patients and radiation exposure. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) performs better than computed tomography(CT) in characterization of pancreatic/peripancreatic fluid collections especially for quantification of solid debris and fat necrosis(seen as fat density globules), and is an alternative in those situations where CT is contraindicated. Also magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is highly sensitive for detecting pancreatic duct disruption and choledocholithiasis. Endoscopic ultrasound is an evolving technique with higher reproducibility for fluid-to-debris component estimation with the added advantage of being a single stage procedure for both diagnosis(solid debris delineation) and management(drainage of collection) in the same sitting. Recently role of diffusion weighted MRI and positron emission tomography/CT with ^(18)F-FDG labeled autologous leukocytes is also emerging for detection of infection noninvasively. Comparative studies between these imaging modalities are still limited. However we look forward to a time when this gap in literature will be fulfilled.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Contrast-enhancedcomputed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Endoscopic ultrasound Positron emission tomographyscan Pancreatic fluid collections Acute necroticcollections Acute peripancreatic fluid collections Pseudocysts Walled-off necrosis

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