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Semiconductor Science and Information Devices 2022年第2期4卷 35-44页

作者： rajesh shrestha Manik Maharjan Mahesh Sharma Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus KathmanduNepal

Air is one of the essential elements of human’s *** earth’s atmosphere is full of air which contains gases such as Nitrogen,Oxygen,Carbon Monoxide and traces of some rare *** quality of the air has been degrading for some decades due to various activities conducted by the human beings that directly or indirectly affect the atmosphere leading to the air *** are different techniques to measure air ***,with the evolution of time the expensive and less efficient analog devices have been replaced by more efficient and less expensive electronics *** this research,MQ135 sensor is used to measure air quality of a particular location.I2C display is used to monitor the ***,with the increasing in number of vehicles,unplanned urbanization and rapid population growth,air pollution has considerably increased in the last decades in various areas of ***,this project‘Air Pollution Monitoring System’was focused on collection of the data specific location of Chandragiri municipality of Kathmandu *** conclusion,analysis of the data is done with the help of origin software which shows that the Arduino device in this device works perfectly for measuring the air *** quality of the selected area is found to be less than 500 PPM which concludes that the air quality of this area is normal.

关键词： Arduino Uno MQ135 sensor Air pollution I2C display Atmosphere

Risk of second primary malignancies in a population-based study of adult patients with essential thrombocythemia

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2016年第4期7卷 324-330页

作者： rajesh shrestha Smith Giri Ranjan Pathak Vijaya Raj Bhatt Division of Hospital Medicine Department of MedicineRhode Island HospitalBrown University Department of Medicine University at Tennessee Department of Medicine Reading Health System Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center

AIM:To determine the risk of second primary malignancy(SPM) and survival of patients with essential thrombocythemia(ET).METHODS:We identified all patients with ET diagnosed during 2001 to 2011 from the Surveillance,Epidemiology and End Results(SEER) 18 *** and relative survival methods were used to calculate the survival *** utilized the SEER 13 database to calculate *** used multiple primary standardized incidence ratio(SIR) session of the SEER*Stat software(version 8.1.5) to calculate SIR and excess risk of SPM for ET ***:Age standardized five-year cause-specific survival was greater for patients < 50 years vs those ≥ 50 years(99.4% vs 93.5%,P < 0.01).Five-year causespecific survival was lower for men vs women(70.2% vs 79.7%).A total of 201 patients(2.46%) developed SPM at a median age of 75 *** occurred at an observed/expected(O/E) ratio of 1.26(95%CI:1.09-1.45,P = 0.002) with an absolute excess risk(AER) of 37.44 per 10000 population.A significantly higher risk was noted for leukemia(O/E 3.78; 95%CI:2.20-6.05,P < 0.001; AER 11.28/10000).CONCLUSION:ET patients have an excellent causespecific five-year survival but are at an increased risk of SPM,particularly leukemia,which may contribute to excess deaths.

关键词： Essential thrombocythemia Second primary malignancy Survival

Design of Digital Solar Water Pump Using Microcontroller ATmega 32

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Electrical Science & Engineering 2022年第2期4卷 11-24页

作者： rajesh shrestha Arun Raj Dhakal Saroj Thakur Dipak Subedi Mahesh Sharma Tri-Chandra Multiple College GhantagharNepal Patan Multiple College PatanNepal

This paper focuses on the application of solar energy along with microcontrollers to design and run a motor to pump water from various *** solar water pump is one of the applications or appliance that perform task with the use of solar *** solar water pump consists of solar PV array,solar pump,inverter,AC water pumping device *** energy radiation is converted in electrical current or power source which is then used to run a pump and draw water directly from ground,wells,rivers,lakes *** this paper,the relationship between flow rate of the water and luminous intensity of the solar irradiance is studied and the data are linearly fitted to find out the correlation between these *** the study about efficiency of the solar powered water pump shows that the operation of this type of pumping system is quite efficient than other types of fossil fuel engines like diesel,petrol,kerosene *** long *** use of Arduino Uno,flow sensor,LDR sensors in the solar powered water pump helps to analyze the relation between these parameters and know the conditions favorable for excess supply of water in short time *** solar powered devices are the future of clean and green future of this *** it is not only necessary but also compulsory to enhance the usage of solar energy throughout the globe.

关键词： Solar PV array LDR sensor Water flow sensors Arduino Uno and Liquid Crystal display

Digital Portable Weather Station Monitoring System Using Arduino Uno

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Semiconductor Science and Information Devices 2021年第1期3卷 33-40页

作者： Bibek Dhungana Mahesh Sharma rajesh shrestha Tri-Chandra Multiple College TUGhantagharNepal

The temperature,humidity,atmospheric pressure and altitude are the most important parameters of the *** those parameters are known,it will help to select the best crops for specific location which increases the productivity in agricultural *** is very useful for countries like Nepal where the most of people in this country depends on *** this research,an Arduino based device is constructed which measures those parameters and record the data in real *** DHT22 and BMP180 sensors are used for measuring those parameters whereas RTC and SD Card module is used to record the data in real *** can be displayed on LCD and serial monitor of computer or *** data were collected at Tri-Chandra Multiple College,Ghantaghar and at Gaurighat,Chabahil with the help of Arduino based *** this project,the digital portable weather station monitoring system has been designed and data from this device compared with the data obtained from HTC-2 standard device and error analysis has been done.

关键词： Temperature Humidity Pressure Altitude Arduino UNO LCD

Generation of Synthetic Ground Motion

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Journal of Geological Resource and Engineering 2018年第3期6卷 105-111页

作者： Hari Ram Parajuli rajesh Kumar shrestha Dept.of Civil Engineering Pulchowk CampusTribhuwan UniversityNepal Dept.of Civil Engineering Thapathali CampusTribhuwan UniversityNepal

The main target of the study is to generate artificial earthquake time histories which are compatible with real earthquakes.A simple frequency-domain method for generating time histories from the given response spectrum is presented in this *** average response spectra are generated using three attenuation relationships developed for the subduction zonesuitable for Barpak M7.8 earthquake records at TU,*** ground motions are simulated with consideration of source,site,and *** simulation work is started from noise generation work with windowing,Fast Fourier Transform(FFT)and spectra matching(target and generated)to obtain simulated time history using MATLAB programming *** ground motions can be utilized as input ground motions for the dynamic analysis and design of new structures as well as retrofitting of existing structures.

关键词： Artificial earthquake weighted average response spectrum attenuation relationship Barpak Fast Fourier Transform

Designing of the Wireless Digital Portable Temperature and Humidity Monitoring Device and Analyzing Data at Different Part of Kathmandu Valley

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Semiconductor Science and Information Devices 2021年第1期3卷 41-48页

作者： Sabina Bogati Mahesh Sharma rajesh shrestha Tri-Chandra Multiple College TUGhantagharNepal

The atmosphere of planet plays a great role in numerous weather phenomena which affects our life *** understand these phenomena,it requires knowledge about the relation between temperature and *** effects of temperature on humidity influence the potential for precipi*** also directly influences the human health and *** humidity and dew point are the two parameters that are used by the meteorologists for understanding the interaction between temperature and humid*** there is a necessary of a smart monitoring system which is fully automated,accurate and capable enough to monitor all the parameters with ***,it should be portable and less *** this purpose,the digital portable wireless temperature and humidity monitoring device is *** project consists of HC-05 Bluetooth module,DHT-11,Arduino UNO,16 X 2 LCD,and *** data are recorded at different part of Kathmandu Valley with this device wirelessly by using smartphone and analyze it with the help of Origin software.

关键词： Arduino UNO HC-05 Bluetooth module 16 x 2 LCD DHT-11 sensor and wireless

An Assessment of Yarsagumba(Ophiocordyceps sinensis) Collection in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第2期11卷 555-562页

作者： Barna Bahadur THAPA Saroj PANTHI rajesh Kumar RAI Uttam Babu shrestha Achyut ARYAL Sabina shrestha Bhushan shrestha Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Babar Mahal Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve Baglung Station Green Governance Nepal Department of Biology University of Massachusetts Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Massey University Graduate School of Biotechnology Institute of Life Sciences and Resources Kyung Hee University Green Energy Mission/Nepal Ghatte Kulo Anam Nagar Mushroom Research Division National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science Rural Development Administration

Yarsagumba(Ophiocordyceps sinensis), an endemic species to the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau, is one of the most valuable medicinal mushrooms in the world. In Nepal, it is distributed largely in isolated patches of alpine grasslands of 3,000-5,000 m elevation. Although it is reported from 27 northernmost districts of Nepal, the local distribution pattern of this species is largely ***, the collection system and local management regime of this species are not well documented. We conducted a field survey at Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve(DHR) among the different stakeholders in January-June 2012 to assess collection sites, patterns and trends and to understand the management regime. We estimated that about 75 kg of Yarsagumba is collected every year from DHR and the amount has been declining since 2008. To manage the resource, locals have initiated regulating the collection by issuing permits, taxing to the collectors, and monitoring the activities of harvesters with the help of park authorities. The revenue generated at local level from the permits has been used for community developmental activities.

关键词：冬虫夏草尼泊尔保护区收集狩猎评估喜马拉雅山利益相关者

腰椎间盘退变与脊柱-骨盆矢状面平衡的相关性

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中华医学杂志 2013年第15期93卷 1123-1128页

作者：刘辉希腊本大郑召民王建儒杨豪李泽民王太平王华乌扎布中山大学附属第一医院脊柱外科广州510080 尼泊尔B&B医院骨科成都市第二人民医院骨科

目的探讨各节段腰椎间盘退变与矢状面平衡各参数之间的关系。方法回顾性分析2009年7月至2012年6月腰椎退行性疾病患者随访资料共126例，其中摄有脊柱全长正侧位片者38例，仅摄有腰椎正侧位者88例，所有病例均摄有腰椎MRI片。采用ImageJ... 详细信息

目的探讨各节段腰椎间盘退变与矢状面平衡各参数之间的关系。方法回顾性分析2009年7月至2012年6月腰椎退行性疾病患者随访资料共126例，其中摄有脊柱全长正侧位片者38例，仅摄有腰椎正侧位者88例，所有病例均摄有腰椎MRI片。采用ImageJ软件测量以下脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数：（1）脊柱参数：矢状面躯干偏移（SVA）、胸椎后凸角（TK）、胸腰后凸角（TLK）、腰椎前凸角（LL）；（2）骨盆参数：骨盆投射角（PI）、骨盆倾斜角（PT）、骶骨倾斜角（SS）；（3）脊柱-骨盆整体参数：T1脊柱骨盆倾斜角（T1-SPI）、T9脊柱骨盆倾斜角（T9-SPI）、脊柱-骶骨角（SSA）、脊柱-骨盆角（SPA）、C7倾斜角（C7T）。根据椎间盘Pfirrmann分级系统，将各节段椎间盘退变等级分级记录。以矢状面平衡各参数的测量数值与常模的大小关系及椎间盘退变等级为依据进行分组，比较各节段椎间盘退变等级与矢状面平衡参数问的关系。结果PI对L5／S1椎间盘退变程度具有显著影响。L5／S1退变程度对矢状面平衡影响显著。大PI组57例中，L5／S1椎间盘轻一中度和重度退变组LL为（36．9±14．9）和（29．7±11．3），差异有统计学意义（P=0．045）；PT为（18．8±8．3）和（25．2±10．2），差异有统计学意义（P=0．012）；SS为（39．5±8．8）和（34．6±8．9），差异有统计学意义（P=0．042）；SVA为（23．0±26．6）和（62．2±33．8），差异有统计学意义（P：0．002）；C7T为（88．9±3．1）和（84．0±4．6），差异有统计学意义（P=0．003）；SPA为（157．9±11．2）和（147．8±14．0），差异有统计学意义（P=0．043）。L1／2椎间盘轻-中度和重度退变组TLK为（4．6±7，8）和（14．9±14．8），差异有统计学意义（P=0．026）。L1／2，L2／3，L3／4退变程度对SPA有显著影响。L1／2两组SPA为（158．5±12．0）和（147．8±12．7），差异有统计学意义（P=0．031）；L2／3两组SPA为（159．9±10．8）和（148．8±13．2），差异有统计学意义（P=0．024）；L3／4两组SPA为（158．5±10．9）和（148．6±13．9），差异有统计学意义（P=0．047）。结论骨盆解剖学参数的改变PI对腰椎间盘退变程度有重要影响；L5／S1椎间盘退变程度对骨盆姿势性参数（町、ss）有显著影响，L5／S1的退变是引起骨盆后旋机制参与代偿过程的重要因素；LS／S1椎间盘退变对脊柱-骨盆整体参数（SVA、SPA、C7T）有重要影响，L5／S1的退变是引起躯干失衡的重要因素。

关键词：椎间盘平衡腰椎脊柱-骨盆矢状面平衡参数