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Within-host models unravelling the dynamics of dengue reinfections

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 458-473页

作者： vizda Anam Bruno v.Guerrero Akhil Kumar Srivastav nico Stollenwerk Maíra Aguiar Basque Center for Applied Mathematics Basque CountrySpain Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Basque CountryBasque CountrySpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for ScienceBasque CountrySpain

Caused by four serotypes,dengue fever is a major public health concern *** modeling efforts have mostly focused on primary and heterologous secondary infections,assuming that lifelong immunity prevents reinfections by the same ***,recent findings challenge this assumption,prompting a reevaluation of dengue immunity *** this study,we develop a within-host modeling framework to explore different scenarios of dengue *** previous studies,we go beyond a deterministic framework,considering individual immunological *** deterministic and stochastic models are calibrated using empirical data on viral load and antibody(IgM and IgG)concentrations for all dengue serotypes,incorporating confidence intervals derived from stochastic *** good agreement between the mean of the stochastic realizations and the mean field solution for each model,our approach not only successfully captures primary and heterologous secondary infection dynamics facilitated by antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE)but also provides,for the first time,insights into homotypic reinfection *** study discusses the relevance of homotypic reinfections in dengue transmission at the population level,highlighting potential implications for disease prevention and control strategies.

关键词： infections immunity prevention

Formation of diffuse and spark discharges between two needle electrodes with the scattering of particles

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 32-39页

作者： victor F TAraSEnKO Dmitry v BELOPLOTOv Alexei n PAnCHEnKO Dmitry A SOROKIn Institute of High Current Electronics Siberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesTomsk 634055Russia national Research Tomsk State University Tomsk 634050Russia

The development of a nanosecond discharge in a pin-to-pin gap filled with air at atmospheric pressure has been studied with high temporal and spatial resolutions from a breakdown start to the spark *** and negative nanosecond voltage pulses with an amplitude of tens of kilovolts were ***-resolved images of the discharge development were taken with a fourchannel Intensified Charge Coupled Device(ICCD)*** minimum delay between the camera channels could be as short as≈0.1 *** made it possible to study the gap breakdown process with subnanosecond *** was observed that a wide-diameter streamer develops from the high-voltage pointed *** ionization processes near the grounded pin electrode started when the streamer crossed half of the *** bridging the gap by the streamer,a diffuse discharge was *** development of spark leaders from bright spots on the surface of the pointed electrodes was observed at the next *** was found that the rate of development of the spark leader is an order of magnitude lower than that of the wide-diameter *** thin luminous tracks were observed against the background of a discharge plasma *** has been established that the tracks are adjacent to brightly glowing spots on the electrodes and are associated with the flight of small particles.

关键词： needle electrodes short voltage pulses atmospheric air streamer breakdown diffuse and spark discharges scattering metal particles

numerical Simulation of Thermocapillary Convection with Evaporation Induced by Boundary Heating

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第7期20卷 1667-1686页

作者： O.n.Goncharova v.B.Bekezhanova Altai State University Institute of Mathematics and Information TechnologiesBarnaul656049Russia Institute of Computational Modelling SB raS Department of Differential Equations of MechanicsKrasnoyarsk660036Russia

The dynamics of a bilayer system filling a rectangular cuvette subjected to external heating is *** influence of two types of thermal exposure on the flow pattern and on the dynamic contact angle is *** particular,the cases of local heating from below and distributed thermal load from the lateral walls are *** simulation is carried out within the frame of a two-sided evaporative convection model based on the Boussinesq approximation.A benzine–air system is considered as reference *** variation in time of the contact angle is described for both heating *** lateral heating,near-wall boundary layers emerge together with strong convection,whereas the local thermal load from the lower wall results in the formation of multicellular motion in the entire volume of the fluids and the appearance of transition regimes followed by a steady-state *** results of the present study can aid the design of equipment for thermal coating or drying and the development of methods for the formation of patterns with required structure and morphology.

关键词： Thermocapillary convection two-phase system numerical modeling contact angle

Ion-conducting Membranes Based on Bacterial Cellulose nanofibers Modified by Poly(sodium acrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 333-343,I0007页

作者： Elizaveta v.Batishcheva nikolay n.Smirnov natalya v.Bobrova Maria P.Sokolova Michael A.Smirnov Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy pr.31Saint Petersburg 199004Russia

Green method for preparation of ion-conducting membranes(ICM) based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers(CnF) modified by a copolymer of sodium acrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid was elaborated. FTIR and nMR data confirmed grafting of polyacrylate onto cellulose surface. Formation of porous structure of the ICM was controlled by SEM and AFM. The maximal ionic conductivity of the membranes reaches 1.5 and 3.1 mS·cm^(-1)(60 ℃ and 98% relative humidity) when they are saturated with water or H_2SO_4(1 mol·L^(-1)) electrolyte,respectively. Prepared ICM was tested as a separator in a symmetrical supercapacitor with electrodes based on polyaniline hydrogel. The assembled cell demonstrate ability to operate at high current density up to 100 A·g^(-1) maintaining specific capacitance 165 F·g^(-1). Maximal specific capacitance of 289 F·g^(-1) was achieved at current density 1 A·g^(-1). Retaining of 90% of initial capacitance after 10000 of charge-discharge cycles proves high electrochemical stability of prepared ICM.

关键词： Bacterial cellulose Ion conductivity Porous membrane Supercapacitor

Biomaterial engineering strategies for modeling the Bruch's membrane in age-related macular degeneration

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2626-2636页

作者： Blanca Molins Andrea Rodríguez víctor Llorenç Alfredo Adán Group of Ocular Inflammation:Clinical and Experimental Studies Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques AgustíPi I Sunyer(IDIBAPS)BarcelonaSpain Institut Clínic d’Oftalmologia(ICOF) Hospital Clínic BarcelonaSpain

Age-related macular degeneration,a multifactorial inflammatory degenerative retinal disease,ranks as the leading cause of blindness in the ***,there is a scarcity of curative therapies,especially for the atrophic advanced form of age-related macular degeneration,likely due to the lack of models able to fully recapitulate the native structure of the outer blood retinal barrier,the prime to rget tissue of age-related macular *** in vitro systems rely on 2D monocultures unable to adequately reproduce the structure and function of the outer blood retinal barrier,integrated by the dynamic interaction of the retinal pigment epithelium,the Bruch's membrane,and the underlying *** Bruch's membrane provides structu ral and mechanical support and regulates the molecular trafficking in the outer blood retinal barrier,and therefo re adequate Bruch's membrane-mimics are key for the development of physiologically relevant models of the outer blood retinal barrie *** the last years,advances in the field of biomaterial engineering have provided novel approaches to mimic the Bruch's membrane from a variety of *** review provides a discussion of the integrated properties and function of outer blood retinal barrier components in healt hy and age-related macular degeneration status to understand the requirements to adequately fabricate Bruch's membrane biomimetic ***,we discuss novel materials and techniques to fabricate Bruch's membrane-like scaffolds for age-related macular degeneration in vitro modeling,discussing their advantages and challenges with a special focus on the potential of Bruch's membrane-like mimics based on decellularized tissue.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration Bruch's membrane decellularization retinal pigment epithelium scaffold

Measurement of yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta from the interaction of 14.1 Mev neutrons with oxygen,phosphorus,and sulfur

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 79-92页

作者： D.n.Grozdanov n.A.Fedorov S.B.Dabylova Yu.n.Kopatch I.n.Ruskov v.R.Skoy T.Yu.Tretyakova C.Hramco P.I.Kharlamov G.v.Pampushik P.G.Filonchik A.v.Andreev Joint Institute for nuclear Research(JInR) DubnaRussia Institute for nuclear Research and nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia L.n.Gumilyov Eurasian national University AstanaKazakhstan Skobeltsyn Institute of nuclear Physics Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of Chemistry of Moldova ChisinauRepublic of Moldova Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology MoscowRussia

A study of the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 Mev on the nuclei of oxygen,phosphorus,and sulfur was performed at the TAnGra facility at JInR(Dubna).The experiment aimed to refine existing data and obtain new data on the yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta emitted by the studied nuclei due to neutron-induced nuclear reactions using the tagged neutron *** types of detector systems were used to registerγ-***γ-ray yields were measured using a high-purity germanium(HPGe)*** angular distributions ofγ-rays were obtained using a system of 18 scintillation detectors based on bismuth germanite Bi_(4)Ge_(3)O_(12)(BGO)located around the *** performed experiments measured the yields of two transitions for the reaction of tagged neutrons with 16O,nine transitions for the reaction with ^(31)P,and nine transitions for the reaction with ^(32)S for the first *** angular anisotropy of theγ-radiation accompanying the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 Mev on ^(31)P nuclei was also measured for the first time.

关键词： tagged neutron method yields of gamma-quanta high-resolution gamma-spectrometry neutron-nuclear reactions neutron scattering

Stability Analysis of DC Microgrid Clusters Based on Step-by-step System Matrix Building Algorithm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 900-912页

作者： K.Jithin n.Mayadevi R.Hari Kumar v.P.Mini the Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering TrivandrumAPJ Abdul Kalam Technological University(APJAKTU)ThiruvananthapuramIndia

DC microgrids(DCMGs)are made up of a network of sources and loads that are connected by a number of power electronic converters(PECs).The increase in the number of these PECs instigates major concerns in system *** interconnecting the microgrids to form a cluster,the system stability must be *** paper proposes a novel stepby-step system matrix building(SMB)algorithm to update the system matrix of an existing DCMG cluster when a new microgrid is added to the cluster through a distribution *** stability of the individual DCMGs and the DCMG cluster is analyzed using the eigenvalue ***,the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is used to retune the controller gains if the newly formed cluster is not *** simulation of the DCMG cluster is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment to test the proposed *** results are also validated using the OP4510 real-time simulator(RTS).

关键词： Converter DC microgrid cluster eigenvalue interconnection particle swarm optimization system stability system matrix

Improving the radiological diagnosis of hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation: Current approaches and future challenges

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 1-8页

作者： Cristian Lindner raúl Riquelme Rodrigo San Martín Frank Quezada Jorge valenzuela Juan P Maureira Martín Einersen Department of radiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ConcepciónConcepción 4030000Chile Department of radiology Hospital Clínico Regional Guillermo Grant BenaventeConcepción 4030000Chile Department of Statistics Catholic University of MauleTalca 3460000Chile neurovascular Unit Department of RadiologyHospital Clínico Regional Guillermo Grant BenaventeConcepción 4030000Chile

Hepatic artery thrombosis(HAT)is a devastating vascular complication following liver transplantation,requiring prompt diagnosis and rapid revascularization treatment to prevent graft *** present,imaging modalities such as ultrasound,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance play crucial roles in diagnosing *** imaging techniques have improved sensitivity and specificity for HAT diagnosis,they have limitations that hinder the timely diagnosis of this *** this sense,the emergence of artificial intelligence(AI)presents a transformative opportunity to address these diagnostic *** development of machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks has demonstrated the potential to enhance the precision diagnosis of liver transplant complications,enabling quicker and more accurate detection of *** article examines the current landscape of imaging diagnostic techniques for HAT and explores the emerging role of AI in addressing future challenges in the diagnosis of HAT after liver transplant.

关键词： Liver transplantation Postoperative complications Hepatic artery Thrombosis radiology Artificial intelligence

First results of turbulence investigation on Globus-M2 using radial correlation Doppler reflectometry

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第10期26卷 49-55页

作者： A.POnOMAREnKO A.YASHIn v.GUSEv E.KISELEv G.KURSKIEv v.MInAEv Y.PETROv n.SAKHAROv P.SHCHEGOLEv E.TKACHEnKO n.ZHILTSOv Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University St.Petersburg 195251Russia Ioffe Institute St.Petersburg 194064Russia

The first results of investigation of the turbulence structure using Doppler backscattering(DBS)on the Globus-M2 tokamak are presented.A one-channel DBS system with a variable probing frequency within the 18–26 GHz range was installed to investigate the edge plasma at normalized minor radiiρ=0.9–*** correlation Doppler reflectometry was used to study the changes in turbulence eddies after the LH *** analysis was applied to the phase derivative of complex in-phase and quadrature(IQ)signals of the DBS diagnostic as it contains information about the poloidal plasma rotation *** L-mode,the radial correlation length L_(r)is estimated to be 3 cm and after transition to H-mode reduces to approximately 2 *** modelling in a linear local approximation using code GEnE indicates that the instability with positive growth rate at the normalized minor radiusρ=0.75 in L-mode and H-mode on Globus-M2 was the ion temperature gradient(ITG)mode.

关键词： tokamak turbulence Doppler backscattering correlation reflectometry