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From partial to complete:Wing-and tail-feather moult sequence and intensity depend on species,life-cycle stage,and moult completeness in passerines

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 98-107页

作者： santi Guallar Departament de Vertebrats Museu de Ciencies Naturals de BarcelonaBarcelona08003Spain

Passerines moult during various life-cycle *** of these moults involve the retention of a variable quantity of wing and tail *** prompts the question whether these partial moults are just arrested complete moults or follow different *** address it,I investigated whether three relevant features remain constant across partial and complete moults:1) moult sequence(order of activation) within feather tracts(e.g.,consecutive outward moult of primaries) and among tracts(e.g.,starting with marginal coverts,followed by greater coverts second,tertials,etc.);2) dynamics of moult intensity(amount of feathers growing along the moult progress);and 3) protection of wing quills by overlapping fully grown *** study the effect of moult completeness on these three features,I classified moults of 435 individuals from 61 species in 3 groups:i) complete and partial,ii) without and iii) with retention of feathers within *** study the effect of life-cycle stage,I used postbreeding,postjuvenile,and prebreeding moults.I calculated phylogenetically corrected means to establish feather-moult sequence within tracts.I applied linear regression to analyse moult sequence among tracts,and polynomial regression to study the dynamics of moult intensity as moult *** and intensity dynamics of partial moults tended resemble those of the complete moult as moult completeness *** within and among feather tracts tended to shift as moult intensity within tracts and number of tracts *** of primaries advanced in relation to the other feather tracts as number of moulted primaries *** quills were protected by the innermost greater covert regardless of moult *** findings suggest that moult is a self-organised process that adjusts to the degree of completeness of plumage ***,protection of quills and differences among species and between postjuvenile-and prebreeding-moult sequences also

关键词： Mass-gap index Moult extent Moult regulation Polynomial regression

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Can Thought Become Sensible? Reflections on the Aesthetic Theories of Plato and Hegel

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2022年第12期12卷 699-706页

作者： raffaella santi University of Urbino Carlo Bo UrbinoItaly

Hegel was highly influenced by Plato’s philosophy,as appears in his Lectures on the History of *** German philosopher rightly attributed to Plato an“aesthetic”theory meant as a search for the meaning of Beauty(the idea of the Beautiful).For Kant the Sublime played the same role that Beauty did for the Greek philosopher,leading the human soul to grasp the super-sensible,as we read in his Critique of the Judgment of *** to what happened in Plato,in Hegel’s own aesthetic theory,the investigation was not focused on Beauty in general,but on artistic Beauty,the characters of the beautiful work of *** Plato and Hegel highlight the dialectical-metaphysical function of Beauty,the judgment that they express on art is very ***,they share an important conception:Beauty is as an intermediate and connecting reality,that functions as a link between thought and sensitivity.

关键词： Plato Hegel Kant aesthetics idea of Beauty sensible thought

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Politics and Salus Populi:Hobbes and the Sovereign as Physician of the State

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2020年第11期10卷 693-702页

作者： raffaella santi University of Urbino Carlo Bo UrbinoItaly

In his masterpiece Leviathan(1651),Thomas Hobbes used a series of rhetorical devices in order to persuade the English reader of the truth of his political theories and of his civil *** first rhetorical device is the engraved frontispiece of the book,where the sword of justice held by the sovereign is also a powerful sword of rhetoric(as shown by the table depicting Rhetoric in a Martianus Capella’s manuscript owned by the Duke of Urbino).Moreover,Hobbes employs directly the metaphor of the state as a body politic and the analogy of the sovereign as the soul of the state and he also refers—though indirectly—to the Platonic analogy of the sovereign as physician of the state,evoking political thinkers,such as King James VI&I and Edward Forset.

关键词： Hobbes Plato Forset James VI&I rhetoric body politic diseases of the body politic physician of the body politic the safety of the people(salus populi)

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Brain,Blood,Benevolence:Cumberland’s Anti-Hobbesian Use of Thomas Willis’s Cerebri Anatome (1664)

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2021年第12期11卷 923-927页

作者： raffaella santi University of Urbino Carlo Bo UrbinoItaly

In his book of 1672,De Legibus Naturae,Richard Cumberland tries to refute Hobbes’s theory of human nature,demonstrating that man is not a homo insociabilis but a homo *** Thomas Willis’s Cerebri *** Accessit Nervorum Descriptio et Usus(1665)as well as the works of other physicians and anatomists,Cumberland tries to show that human body(especially thanks to its peculiar brain,blood,and plexus nervous)predisposes men to a sociable life and to the building of a peaceful and civil society.

关键词： Cumberland Hobbes Willis natural law morality human body brain blood nervous system

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Against the Authority of Books:Hobbes and the Invention of Political Science

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2019年第12期9卷 741-749页

作者： raffaella santi University of Urbino Carlo Bo UrbinoItaly

In an age when political thinkers were writing books full of quotations of ancient and modern authors,Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury(1588-1679)developed a philosophical system which was based on scientific method rather than on the authority of *** emphasized that the absurdities that philosophers fall into are actually due precisely to a lack of method and to the habit of quoting other thinkers as if the truth was to be found in their *** is certainly not inappropriate to read what philosophers,historians,and poets wrote,whether for pure amusement or to find intellectual spurs useful for one’s own research and speculation;but the written word should not be confused with the *** the investigation aimed at discovering the truth in political matters,the philosopher must use his own intellect,relying on the strength of ***,political philosophy becomes a science:the science of“consequences from the accidents of politic bodies”.With his reflections on scientia civilis,Thomas Hobbes may be considered the inventor of political science.

关键词： Hobbes books doctrinal errors scientific method scientia civilis/political science

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Legal Thought in Early Modern England：The Theory of Thomas Hobbes

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Economics World 2018年第5期6卷 384-389页

作者： raffaella santi University of Urbino Carlo Bo Urbino Italy

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Severe asthma exacerbation:Changes in patient characteristics,management,and outcomes from 1997 to 2016 in 40 ICUs in the greater Paris area

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 209-215页

作者： Romy Younan Jean Loup Augy Bertrand Hermann Bertrand Guidet Philippe Aegerter Emmanuel Guerot Ana Novara Caroline Hauw-Berlemont Amer Hamdan Clotilde Bailleul Francesca santi Jean-Luc Diehl Nicolas Peron Nadia Aissaoui Intensive Care Unit AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalUniversitéde ParisParisFrance Intensive Care Unit AP-HPSaint Antoine HospitalUniversités de SorbonneUniversitéPierre et Marie CurieParisFrance INSERM U1136 ParisFrance Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University INSERM U1018Groupe Interrégional de Recherche Clinique et d'InnovationÎle-de-FranceFrance Respiratory Medicine Department AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalUniversitéde ParisParisFrance Innovative Therapies in Hemostasis INSERM UMR-S1140Universitéde ParisParisFrance Intensive Care Unit and Biosurgical Research Lab(Carpentier Foundation) AP-HPGeorges Pompidou European HospitalParisFrance Paris-Cardiovascular-Research-Center INSERM U970ParisFrance

Background Despite advances in asthma treatments,severe asthma exacerbation(SAE)remains a life-threatening condition in adults,and there is a lack of data derived from adult patients admitted to intensive care units(ICUs)for *** current study investigated changes in adult patient characteristics,management,and outcomes of SAE over a 20-year period in 40 ICUs in the greater Paris *** In this retrospective observational study,admissions to 40 ICUs in the greater Paris area for SAE from January 1,1997,to December 31,2016 were *** primary outcome was the proportion of ICU admissions for SAE during 5-year *** outcomes were ICU and hospital mortality,and the use of mechanical ventilation and *** analysis was performed to assess factors associated with ICU *** A total of 7049 admissions for SAE were *** each 5-year period,the proportion decreased over time,with SAE accounting for 2.84%of total ICU admissions(n=2841)between 1997 and 2001,1.76%(n=1717)between 2002 and 2006,1.05%(n=965)between 2007 and 2011,and 1.05%(n=1526)between 2012 and *** median age was 46 years(interquartile range[IQR]:32–59 years),55.41%were female,the median Simplified Acute Physiology Score II was 20(IQR:13–28),and 19.76%had mechanical *** use of mechanical ventilation remained infrequent throughout the 20-year period,whereas the use of catecholamine *** and hospital mortality rates *** associated with ICU mortality were renal replacement therapy,catecholamine,cardiac arrest,pneumothorax,acute respiratory distress syndrome,sepsis,and invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV).Non-survivors were older,had more severe symptoms,and were more likely to have received *** ICU admission for SAE remains uncommon,and the proportion of cases decreased over *** a slight increase in symptom severity during a 20-year period,ICU and hospital mortality *** requirin

关键词： Epidemiology Intensive care unit Mechanical ventilation Severe asthma exacerbation

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Physical insights into trapping effects on vertical GaN-on-Si trench MOSFETs from TCAD

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第3期45卷 45-52页

作者： NicolòZagni Manuel Fregolent Andrea Del Fiol Davide Favero Francesco Bergamin Giovanni Verzellesi Carlo De santi Gaudenzio Meneghesso Enrico Zanoni Christian Huber Matteo Meneghini Paolo Pavan Department of Engineering“Enzo Ferrari” University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena 41125Italy Department of Information Engineering University of PadovaPadova 35131Italy Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering(DISMI) University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaReggio Emilia 42122Italy EN&TECH Center University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaReggio Emilia 42122Italy Advanced Technologies and Micro Systems Department Robert Bosch GmbHRenningen 71272Germany

Vertical GaN power MOSFET is a novel technology that offers great potential for power switching *** still in an early development phase,vertical GaN devices are yet to be fully optimized and require careful studies to foster their *** this work,we report on the physical insights into device performance improvements obtained during the development of vertical GaN-on-Si trench MOSFETs(TMOS’s)provided by TCAD simulations,enhancing the dependability of the adopted process optimization ***,two different TMOS devices are compared in terms of transfer-curve hysteresis(H)and subthreshold slope(SS),showing a≈75%H reduction along with a≈30%SS *** allow attributing the achieved improvements to a decrease in the border and interface traps,respectively.A sensitivity analysis is also carried out,allowing to quantify the additional trap density reduction required to minimize both figures of merit.

关键词： vertical GaN trench MOSFET SiO_(2) interface traps border traps hysteresis BTI

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Moult intensity constraints along the complete moult sequence of the House Sparrow(Passer domesticus)

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 394-404页

作者： santi Guallar Javier Quesada Departament de Vertebrats Museu de Ciencies Naturals de BarcelonaBarcelona08003CataloniaSpain

Sequence and intensity are two essential components of bird *** the moult sequences of remex tracts are highly homogenous across passerines,other tracts apparently show a high ***,order of moult activation among tracts are insufficiently ***,dynamics of moult intensity as moult progresses remains poorly ***,we provide detailed quantitative description of moult sequence and intensity in the House Sparrow(Passer domesticus).To understand their role,we tested two hypotheses on the:1) protection function of moult sequence,and 2) aerodynamic and physiological constraints on moult *** scored percentage growth of 313 captured sparrows using the mass of the feathers of each tract(also length for remiges)to monitor moult intensity throughout the complete moult progress,which is defined as the fraction of new and growing feathers in a moulting bird relative to the total *** sequence was highly variable both within wing coverts and among feather tracts,with moult sequence differing among all birds to some *** only found support for the protection function between greater coverts and both tertials and ***-moult intensity conformed to theoretical predictions,therefore lending support to the aerodynamic-constraint ***,remex-moult speed plateaued during the central stages of moult ***,overall plumage-moult speed did not fit predictions of the physiological-constraint hypothesis,showing that the remex moult is only constrained by *** results indicate that aerodynamic loss is not simply the inevitable effect of moult,but that moult is finely regulated to reduce aerodynamic *** propose that the moult of the House Sparrow is controlled through sequence and intensity adjustments in order to:1) avoid body and wing growth peaks;2) fulfil the protection function between some key feather tracts;3) reduce detrimental effects on flight ability;4) keep remex seque

关键词： Functional constraints Local polynomial regression Passerine moult Physiological constraints Raggedness

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Maintenance of gut microbiome stability for optimum intestinal health in pigs——a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 853-863页

作者： santi Devi Upadhaya In Ho Kim Department of Animal Resource and Science Dankook UniversityNo.29 AnseodongCheonan31116ChoongnamSouth Korea

Pigs are exposed to various challenges such as weaning,environmental stressors,unhealthy diet,diseases and infections during their lifetime which adversely affects the gut *** inability of the pig microbiome to return to the pre-challenge baseline may lead to dysbiosis resulting in the outbreak of ***,the maintenance of gut microbiome diversity,robustness and stability has been influential for optimum intestinal health after *** human and animal researches have focused on more holistic approaches to obtain a robust gut microbiota that provides protection against pathogens and improves the digestive physiology and the immune *** this review,we present an overview of the swine gut microbiota,factors affecting the gut microbiome and the importance of microbial stability in promoting optimal intestinal ***,we discussed the current understanding of nutritional interventions using fibers and pre/probiotics supplementation as non-antibiotic alternatives to maintain microbiota resilience to replace diminished species.

关键词： Microbial diversity Nutritional intervention Perturbation Resilience Swine gut microbiome stability

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