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Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2480-2494页

作者： rafael Franco Claudia Garrigós Toni Capó Joan Serrano-marín rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Molecular neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Ciberned network Center for Biomedical Research in neurodegenerative Diseases Spanish National Health Institute Carlos ⅢMadridSpain School of Chemistry Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and physiology School of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Laboratory of Computational Medicine Biostatistics UnitFaculty of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaCampus BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our sense of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional *** receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental *** ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its sensory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely absent in the central nervous *** gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent *** the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's *** ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian *** ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory *** addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing *** analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation *** review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative *** suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous syste

关键词： adenosine receptors adrenergic receptors ectopic expression G proteincoupled receptors glia neurons

Amyloid-beta pathology-induced nanoscale synaptic disruption:the case of the GABA_B-GIRK assembly

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1409-1410页

作者： rafael Lujan Alejandro martín-Belmonte Sergi Ferré Francisco Ciruela Synaptic Structure Laboratory Instituto de Biomedicina de la UCLM(IB-UCLM)Departamento de Ciencias MédicasInstituto de Investigación en Salud de Castilla-La Mancha(IDISCAM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Castilla-La ManchaCampus BiosanitarioC/AlmansaAlbaceteSpain Integrative neurobiology Section National Institute on Drug AbuseIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA pharmacology Unit Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesInstitute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaNeuropharmacology&Pain GroupNeuroscience ProgramBellvitge Institute for Biomedical ResearchL’Hospitalet de LlobregatSpain

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory brain networks,leading to aberrant homeostatic synaptic *** has progressively been recognized as syna ptopathy and syna ptic dysfunction has been identified as a key component of its pathogenesis (Schirinzi et al.,2020).Syna ptic dysfunction is believed to precede synapse loss,a primary biological correlate of cognitive decline in AD,inevita bly associated with neuronal death.

关键词： Alzheimer pathology

Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMn1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon J.Brown rafael J.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMn1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMn2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMn protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMn2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMn2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMn2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMn2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

Solution of the Center problem for a Class of polynomial Differential Systems

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1685-1696页

作者： Chang Jian Liu Jaume Llibre rafael Ramírez Valentín Ramírez School of Mathematics(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai519086P.R.China Departament de Matemàtiques Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193BellaterraBarcelonaCataloniaSpain Departament d’Enginyeria Informàtica i Matemàtiques Universitat Rovira i VirgiliAvinguda dels Paiïsos Catalans 2643007TarragonaCataloniaSpain

Consider the polynomial differential system of degree m of the form x=-y(1+μ(a_(2)x-a_(1)y))+x(v(a_(1)x+a_(2)y)+Ω_(m-1)(x,y)),y=x(1+μ(a_(2)x-a_(1)y))+y(v(a_(1)x+a_(2)y)+Ω_(m-1)(x,y)),whereμandνare real numbers such that(μ^(2)+v^(2))(μ+v(m-2))(a_(1)^(2)+a_(2)^(2))≠m>2 andΩ_(m−1)(x,y)is a homogenous polynomial of degree m−1.A conjecture,stated in *** Equations 2019,suggests that whenν=1,this differential system has a weak center at the origin if and only if after a convenient linear change of variable(x,y)→(X,Y)the system is invariant under the transformation(X,Y,t)→(−X,Y,−t).For every degree m we prove the extension of this conjecture to any value ofνexcept for a finite set of values ofμ.

关键词： Center problem polynomial differential system

Climate-driven variations in productivity reveal adaptive strategies in Iberian cork oak agroforestry systems

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第1期9卷 83-93页

作者： José Carlos pérez-Girón Emilio rafael Díaz-Varela pedro Álvarez-Álvarez Department of Organisms and Systems Biology Polytechnic School of MieresUniversity of OviedoE-33600MieresAsturiasSpain Research Group on planning and Management in Complex Adaptive Socio-Ecological Systems(COMpASSES).School of Engineering University of Santiago de CompostelaE-27002LugoSpain

Background:Cork oak agroforestry systems(AFS)have been managed for centuries by humans to produce cork and other goods and services and have recently been recognised as an important reservoir for biodiversity improvement and ***,despite having recently been included as a natural habitat of community-wide interest within the EU Habitats Directive,these systems are in a critical situation of *** other factors,they are strongly threatened by climate change,the effects of which are also expected to be particularly severe in the Mediterranean *** this study,we aimed to evaluate the influence of climate variability by examining primary production indicators and also to analyse whether the geographical location may have a role in the incidence of the adverse effects of ***:Cork oak AFS were identified in the Forest Map of Spain and the Land use map of portugal and categorized on the basis of canopy *** climate data from 2001 to 2020 were used to model relationships with climate predictors and proximity to the *** analysis was conducted to identify significant spatial clusters of high-and low-efficiency ***:The responses to the influence of climatic conditions differed among the various cork oak AFS categories,particularly in the forest category,which was less dependent on climate *** humidity and water availability were the main drivers of net primary production(npp).Carbon use efficiency(CUE)was limited by relative humidity and spring temperature in open *** to the coast proved beneficial,especially in years with adverse weather conditions,but was not a limiting factor for survival of the ***,the results of the hotspot analysis supported the other findings,highlighting high-efficiency areas close to the coast and cold spots grouped in specific areas or dispersed ***:Canopy plays a key role in the influence of climatic conditions,particu

关键词： net primary production Carbon use efficiency Climate Quercus suber Agroforestry system

Error induced by the estimation of the corneal power and the effective lens position with a rotationally asymmetric refractive multifocal intraocular lens

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第3期8卷 501-507页

作者： David p.piero Vicente J.Camps maría L.Ramón Verónica Mateo rafael J.pérez-Cambrodí Grupo de óptica y percepción Visual (GOpV).Department of Optics Pharmacology and Anatomy University of Alicante San Vicente del Raspeig Alicante 03690 Spain Department of Ophthalmology (Oftalmar) Vithas Medimar International Hospital Foundation for the Visual Quality (FUnCAVIS: Fundación para la Calidad Visual) Alicante 03016 Spain

AIM : To evaluate the prediction error in intraocular lens(IOL) power calculation for a rotationally asymmetric refractive multifocal IOL and the impact on this error of the optimization of the keratometric estimation of the corneal power and the prediction of the effective lens position(ELp).METHODS: Retrospective study including a total of 25 eyes of 13 patients(age, 50 to 83y) with previous cataract surgery with implantation of the Lentis Mplus LS-312 IOL(Oculentis Gmb H, Germany). In all cases, an adjusted IOL power(p IOLadj) was calculated based on Gaussian optics using a variable keratometric index value(n kadj) for the estimation of the corneal power(p kadj) and on a new value for ELp(ELp adj) obtained by multiple regression *** p IOLadj was compared with the IOL power implanted(p IOLReal) and the value proposed by three conventional formulas(Haigis, Hoffer Q and Holladay Ⅰ).RESULTS: p IOLReal was not significantly different than p IOLadj and Holladay IOL power(p >0.05). In the Bland and Altman analysis, p IOLadj showed lower mean difference(-0.07 D) and limits of agreement(of 1.47 and-1.61 D)when compared to p IOLReal than the IOL power value obtained with the Holladay formula. Furthermore, ELp adj was significantly lower than ELp calculated with other conventional formulas(p nd was found to be dependent on axial length, anterior chamber depth and p kadj. COnCLUSIOn: Refractive outcomes after cataract surgery with implantation of the multifocal IOL Lentis Mplus LS-312 can be optimized by minimizing thekeratometric error and by estimating ELp using a mathematical expression dependent on anatomical factors.

关键词： Mplus multifocalintraocularlens keratometry effective lens position intraocular lens power

Feather content of porphyrins in Eurasian eagle owl(Bubo bubo)fledglings depends on body condition and breeding site quality

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第5期13卷 569-578页

作者： Ismael GALVÁn maría del mar DELGADO pablo RCAmarERO rafael MATEO RuiLOUREnÇO Vincenzo pEnTERIAnI Department of Evolutionary Ecology Doñana Biological Station-CSICSevillaSpain Research Unit of Biodiversity-UOCSIC-pA Oviedo UniversityMieresSpain Institute for Game and Wildlife Research IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCMCiudad RealSpain Labor-Laboratório de Ornitologia Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais MediterrânicasUniversity of EvoraÉvoraPortugal pyrenean Institute of Ecology(IpE)-CSIC ZaragozaSpain

porphyrins are pigments produced in most animal cells during the synthesis of heme,but their importance for external coloration is ***(Order Strigiformes)are among the few animals that accumulate porphyrins in the integument,where it could serve as a means of *** we hypothesized that the porphyrin content of feathers may depend on body condition and breeding site quality in Eurasian eagle owl(Bubo bubo)fledglings and,thus,constitute amplifiers of the quality of the area where they are *** high-performance liquid chromatography,we found 2 porphyrins(protoporphyrin IX and coproporphyrin III)in the body feathers of 19 eagle owl fledglings from 7 breeding *** III,but not protoporphyrin IX feather concentration,was positively associated with the body mass of fledglings and with the quality of the breeding sites where they were reared with respect to food quality and *** coproporphyrin III is produced under oxidative stress,we suggest that good breeding sites may lead to fledglings in good ***,in turn,may make fledglings induce a certain level of free radical and coproporphyrin III production to signal to conspecifics their site-mediated capacity to cope with oxidative *** is the first time that porphyrin content in the integument has been found to be related to individual quality,opening a new scenario for studying evolution of animal coloration.

关键词： amplifiers condition-dependence eagle owl fluorescence porphyrins

3′-UTR of the SARS-CoV-2 genome as a possible source of piRnAs

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 668-670页

作者： maría Teresa Hernández-Huerta Laura pérez-Campos Mayoral Carlos Alberto Matias-Cervantes Carlos Romero Díaz Eli Cruz parada Eduardo pérez-Campos Mayoral rafael Baltiérrez-Hoyos margarito martínez Cruz Gabriel Mayoral Andrade Eduardo pérez-Campos COnACyT Faculty of Medicine and SurgeryAutonomous University“Benito Juárez”of Oaxaca(UABJO)Oaxaca 68020Mexico Research Center Faculty of Medicine UNAM-UABJOAutonomous University“Benito Juárez”of Oaxaca(UABJO)Oaxaca 8020Mexico national Technology of Mexico/IT Oaxaca Oaxaca de JuárezOaxaca 68030Mexico

SARS-CoV-2 is the causal agent of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a single-stranded RnA beta-coronavirus that is comprised of a 5′ and 3′-untranslated region (UTR) in its non-coding RnA (ncRnA) region. The p-element-induced wimpy testis (pIWI)-interacting RnAs (piRnAs) are ncRnA sequences that bind to transposons and interfere with the translation of new genes. Here, we search for short sequences in the non-coding regions, corresponding to 28 nucleotides (nt). These start from a uracil and have a conserved region of at least 10 nt of homology with the previously reported piRnAs. The aim of this work was to identify piRnA-like sequences in the 3′-UTR of SARS-CoV-2 from the reported Wuhan patient's genome sequence (GenBank: Mn908947.3).

关键词： piRnA sequences piRnAs

Factors associated with early virological response to peginterferon-α-2a/ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第12期19卷 1943-1952页

作者： Javier García-Samaniego Miriam Romero rafael Granados Remedios Alemán Miguel Jorge Juan Dolores Suárez Ramón pérez Gregorio Castellano Carlos González-portela Liver Unit Hospital Carlos Ⅲ Centro de Investigación Biómedica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Gastroenterology Service Hospital Universitario de Canarias Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria Internal Medicine Service Hospital Arquitecto Marcide Gastroenterology Service Hospital Central de Asturias Gastroenterology Service Hospital 12 de Octubre Gastroenterology Service Hospital Policlínico de Vigo

AIM: To evaluate the impact of sociodemographic/clinical factors on early virological response (EVR) to pegin-terferon/ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in clinical practice. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study in Hepatology Units of 91 Spanish hospitals. CHC patients treated with peginterferon α-2a plus ribavirin were included. EVR was defined as undetectable hepatitis C virus (HCV)-ribonucleic acid (RnA) or ≥ 2 log HCV-RnA decrease after 12 wk of treatment. A bivariate analysis of sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with EVR was carried out. Independent factors associated with an EVR were analyzed using a multiple regression analysis that included the following baseline demographic and clinical variables: age (≤ 40 years vs > 40 years), gender, race, educational level, marital status and family status, weight, alcohol and tobacco consumption, source of HCV infection, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (≤ 85 IU/mL vs > 85 IU/mL), serum ferritin, serum HCV-RnA concentration (notype (1/4 vs 3/4), cirrhotic status and ribavirin dose (800/1000/1200 mg/d).RESULTS: A total of 1014 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 44.3 ± 9.8 years, 70% were male, and 97% were Caucasian. The main sources of HCV infection were intravenous drug abuse (25%) and blood transfusion (23%). Seventyeight percent were infected with HCV genotype 1/4 (68% had genotype 1) and 22% with genotypes 2/3. The HCV-RnA level was > 400 000 IU/mL in 74% of patients. The mean ALT and AST levels were 88.4 ± 69.7 IU/mL and 73.9 ± 64.4 IU/mL, respectively, and mean GGT level was 82 ± 91.6 IU/mL. The mean ferritin level was 266 ± 284.8 μg/L. Only 6.2% of patients presented with cirrhosis. All patients received 180 mg of peginterferon α-2a. The most frequently used ribavirin doses were 1000 mg/d (41%) and 1200 mg/d (41%).

关键词： Antiviral therapy Baseline factors Early virological response peginterferon α-2a Ribavirin