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Distinct T helper cell-mediated antitumor immunity:T helper 2 cells in focus

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Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy 2023年第1期1卷 76-86页

作者： rafael Cardoso maciel Costa Silva Marcela freitas Lopes Leonardo Holanda Travassos Laboratory of Immunoreceptors and Signaling Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics InstituteFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-902Brazil Laboratory of Immunity Biology George DosReis Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics InstituteFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-902Brazil

The adaptive arm of the immune system is crucial for appropriate antitumor immune *** is generally accepted that clusters of differentiation 4^(+)(CD4^(+))T cells,which mediate T helper(Th)1 immunity(type 1 immunity),are the primary Th cell subtype associated with tumor *** this review,we discuss evidence showing that antitumor immunity and better prognosis can be associated with distinct Th cell subtypes in experimental mouse models and humans,with a focus on Th2 *** aim of this review is to provide an overview and understanding of the mechanisms associated with different tumor outcomes in the face of immune responses by focusing on the(1)site of tumor development,(2)tumor properties(i.e.,tumor metabolism and cytokine receptor expression),and(3)type of immune response that the tumor initially ***,we discuss how low-tolerance organs,such as lungs and brains,might benefit from a less tissue-destructive immune response mediated by Th2 *** addition,Th2 cells antitumor effects can be independent of CD8^(+)T cells,which would circumvent some of the immune escape mechanisms that tumor cells possess,like low expression of major histocompatibility-I(MHC-I).Finally,this review aims to stimulate further studies on the role of Th2 cells in antitumor immunity and briefly discusses emerging treatment options.

关键词： Cancer Immunology Adaptive immunity Immunotherapy Immunogenetics Antitumor immune response

Syzygium aromaticum L.(Clove)Essential Oil as a Reducing Agent for the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2019年第2期9卷 45-54页

作者： Matheus Vinicius de Oliveira Brisola maciel Aline da Rosa Almeida Michelle Heck Machado Ana Paula Zapelini de Melo Cleonice Goncalves da Rosa Daniele Ziglia de freitas Carolina Montanheiro Noronha Gerson Lopes Teixeira rafael Dutra de Armas Pedro Luiz Manique Barreto departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Alimentos Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaFlorianopolisBrasil Centro Universitario-Catolica de Santa Catarina JoinvilleBrasil

The present investigation details a green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using the essential oil of Syzygium aromaticum L. (clove) as reducing agent, which is a matrix with a high content of eugenol, an important compound for the reducing action of silver nitrate. The synthesis of AgNP was performed at different pH conditions (pH 7, 8, 9 and 10), and was monitored by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles presented characteristic Surface Plasmon Resonance bands with maximum absorbance between 405 and 460 nm. The DLS analysis revealed particle sizes from 31 to 72 nm and zeta potential between -30.1 and -50.8 mV indicating good stability against the agglomeration of the particles in solution. The micrographs obtained by TEM showed different particle shapes and a predominance of spherical-shaped nanoparticles, and average size ranging from 27 to 94 nm. The clove-based silver nanoparticles were efficient in controlling the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, and the minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 60 to 100 μL/mL. This study highlights the feasibility of clove essential oil as an alternative for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by a simple, inexpensive and eco-friendly method.

关键词： Essential Oil Clove Eugenol Silver Nanoparticles Antibacterial Activity

Raman probing carbon&aqueous electrolytes interfaces and molecular dynamics simulations towards understanding electrochemical properties under polarization conditions in supercapacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第9期30卷 279-292页

作者： rafael Vicentini Leonardo M.Da Silva Débora V.Franco Willian G.Nunes Juliane Fiates Gustavo Doubek Luís F.M.Franco Renato G.freitas Cristiano Fantini Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division Carbon Sci-Tech LabsUniversity of CampinasAv Albert Einstein 400CampinasSP 13083-852Brazil department of Chemistry Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri’s ValleyRodovia MGT 367km 5835000Alto da Jacuba39.100-000 DiamantinaMGBrazil Advanced Energy Storage Division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesLaboratory of Advanced BatteriesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas(UNICAMP)CampinasSP 13083-852Brazil department of Chemistry Federal University of Mato GrossoICET-UFMT78060-900 CuiabáMTBrazil departamento de Física ICExUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil

Raman probing of carbon electrode and electrolyte under dynamic conditions is performed here using different aqueous electrolytes to elucidate the fundamental events occurring in electrochemical supercapacitor during charge–discharge *** areal capacitance ranges from 1.54 to 2.31μF cm^(-2)μm and it is determined using different *** findings indicate that the Helmholtz capacitance governs the overall charge-storage process instead of the space charge(quantum)capacitance commonly verified for HOPG electrodes in the range of~3 to 7μF cm^(-2).Molecular dynamics simulations are employed to elucidate the origin of the reversible Raman spectral changes during the charge–discharge processes.A correlation is verified between the reversible Raman shift and the surface excesses of the different ionic species.A theoretical framework is presented to relate the effect of the applied potential on the Raman shift and its correlation with the surface ionic *** is proposed that the Raman shift is governed by the interaction of solvated cations with graphite promoted by polarization *** is the first time that a comparative study on different aqueous electrolyte p H and cation ion size has been performed tracking the Raman spectra change under dynamic polarization conditions and contrasting with comprehensive electrochemistry and dynamic molecular simulations *** study shines lights onto the charge-storage mechanism with evidence of Kohn anomaly reduction in the carbon electrode during the reversible adsorption/desorption and insertion/extraction of ionic species.

关键词： defect reorganization in graphite Surface excess of charge Operando Raman studies Electrical double-layer capacitors

P53 protein expression and cell viability in irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells as bioindicators of radiosensitivity

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2011年第2期2卷 63-67页

作者： Mariana Brayner Cavalcanti Ana Paula Galvao da Silva rafael de freitas e Silva Ademir Amaral Grupo de Estudos em Radioprotecao e Radioecologia(GERAR) Laboratorio de Modelagem e Biodosimetria Aplicada(LAMBDA)Departamento de Energia NuclearUniversidade Federal de PernambucoCidade UniversitariaPernambucoBrazil Anaptysbio Incorporation Cell BiologySan DiegoUSA

Cellular radiosensitivity is directly correlated with the mechanism of DNA repair, in which p53 protein plays a major role. In this context, this study correlated cell death with p53 expression in lymphocytes irradiated in vitro with different doses of gammaradiation. For this, peripheral blood samples were collected from 10 healthy subjects. Each sample was divided in aliquots and, separately, irradiated with doses of 0,5;2 and 4 Gy. After this, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and cultivated during 72 hours in 5% CO2 at 37oC without mitogen stimulation. The expression of p53 protein was evaluated by flow cytometry. In parallel, cell viability was determined by trypan blue staining. Statistical analysis was performed us-ing analysis of variance (ANOVA), differences were considered as statistically significant when p death, suggesting that p53 can be used as bioindicator of individual radiosensitivity.

关键词： P53 Protein Radiosensitivity Lymphocytes Flow Cytometry Cell Viability

Femoral Head Autograft to the Iliac for Use in Future Revisions of Total Hip Arthroplasty: 15-Year Follow-Up

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第11期12卷 420-431页

作者： Carlos Roberto Schwartsmann rafael de Luca de Lucena Ary da Silva Ungaretti Neto Esthefani Katherina Mendes Eggers Vinícius Ozuna Sampaio Alonso Ranzzi Leandro de freitas Spinelli department of Surgery Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Orthopedics and Traumatology Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital of Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Graduate Program of design and Manufacturing Process Laboratory of Bioengineering Biomechanics and Biomaterials University of Passo Fundo Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

Introduction: The therapeutic success of total hip arthroplasty (THA) is unquestionable. However, in young patients, it is still a controversial topic, not because of the results obtained, but because of the presumed need for revision of the prosthetics components in the future. Objectives: The present work performs a retrospective study of patients who underwent THA surgery in the past, in which the femoral head was transferred to the iliac for use in future revisions of total hip arthroplasty (autograft), and describes the proposed technique. Methods: The research reviewed 27 patients operated on using the femoral head autograft technique for the ipsilateral iliac in total hip arthroplasty, performed from 1996 to 2005;the study considered medical records, X-rays and CT scan images, and photographs taken at the time of surgery. Results: To date, only two revisions of total hip arthroplasty have been performed, in which the patients have benefited from the technique of autografting of the femoral head. No case evolved with infection or any other type of complication. All inserted grafts are consolidated and integrated with the iliac. Conclusion: The autograft technique is cheap, simple and reproducible, making available large amounts of bone for use in future revisions of total hip arthroplasty in young patients.

关键词： Total Hip Arthroplasty Bone Graft Revision of Total Hip Arthroplasty Femoral Head

Is there a place for cellular therapy in depression?

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第9期11卷 553-567页

作者： Pedro Antonio Schmidt do Prado-Lima Zaquer Suzana Munhoz Costa-Ferro Bruno Solano de freitas Souza Ivana Beatrice Manica da Cruz Biogenomics Lab Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul(BraIns) Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90610-000Rio Grande do SulBrazil Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy Sao Rafael HospitalSalvador 41253-190BahiaBrazil D’Or Institute for Research and Education(IDOR) Salvador 41253-190BahiaBrazil Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology Gonçalo Moniz InstituteFiocruzSalvador 40296-710BahiaBrazil Health Sciences Center Federal University of Santa MariaSanta Maria 97105900RSBrazil

Although efforts have been made to improve the pharmacological treatment of depression,approximately one-third of patients with depression do not respond to conventional therapy using *** potential non-pharmacological therapies have been studied in the last years,including the use of mesenchymal stem cell therapies to treat *** therapies are reviewed here since it is clinically relevant to develop innovative therapeutics to treat psychiatric *** data corroborate that mesenchymal stem cell therapy could be considered a potential treatment for depression based on its antiinflammatory and neurotrophic ***,some clinical trials involving treatment of depression with stem cells are in progress,but with no published *** studies and other future clinical investigations will be crucial to define how much mesenchymal stem cells can effectively be used in psychiatric clinics as a strategy for supporting depression treatment.

关键词： Mood disorders Stem cells transplant Mesenchymal stem-cells transplant Inflammation Immunomodulation depression

Therapy with bone marrow cells reduces liver alterations in mice chronically infected by Schistosoma mansoni

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第38期14卷 5842-5850页

作者： Sheilla Andrade Oliveira Bruno Solano freitas Souza Carla Adriana Guimares-Ferreira Elton Sá Barreto Siane Campos Souza Luiz Antonio Rodrigues freitas Ricardo Ribeiro-dos-Santos Milena Botelho Pereira Soares Centro de Pesquisas Gonalo Moniz Fundao Oswaldo Cruz Rua Waldemar Falco 121 Brotas 40295-001 Salvador BA Brazil Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhes Fundao Oswaldo Cruz Recife Av Moraes Rego s/n Cidade Universitária Recife 50670-420 PE Brazil Centro de Pesquisas Gonalo Moniz Fundao Oswaldo Cruz Rua Waldemar Falco 121 Brotas Salvador 40295-001 BA Brazil Centro de Pesquisas Gonalo Moniz Fundao Oswaldo Cruz Rua Waldemar Falco 121 Brotas 40295-001 Salvador BA Brazil Hospital So Rafael Av So Rafael 2152 So Marcos Salvador 41256-900 BA Brazil

AIM： To investigate the potential of bone marrow mononuclear cells （BM-MCs） in the regeneration of hepatic lesions induced by Schistosoma mansoni （***） chronic infection. METHODS： Female mice chronically infected with *** were treated with BM-MCs obtained from male green fluorescent protein （GFP） transgenic mice by intravenous or intralobular injections. Control mice received injections of saline in similar conditions, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） assay for transforming growth factor-beta （TGF-β）, polymerase chain reaction （PCR） for GFP DNA, immunofluorescence and morphometric studies were performed. RESULTS： Transplanted GFP^＋ cells migrated to granuloma areas and reduced the percentage of liver fibrosis. The presence of donor-derived cells was confirmed by Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） analysis for detection of cells bearing Y chromosome and by PCR analysis for detection of GFP DNA. The levels of TGF-β, a cytokine associated with fibrosis deposition, in liver fragments of mice submitted to therapy were reduced. The number of oval cells in liver sections of ***-infected mice increased 3-4 fold after transplantation. A partial recovery in albumin expression, which is decreased upon infection with ***, was found in livers of infected mice after cellular therapy. CONCLUSION： In conclusion, transplanted BMCs migrate to and reduce the damage of chronic fibrotic liver lesions caused by ***.

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Liver injury Fibrosis Bone marrow cells Transplantation Albumin Oval cells

Effect of Acai Powder and Polydextrose on Bread Quality Using Surface Response

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2017年第8期7卷 373-382页

作者： rafael Audino Zambelli Antonio Weskley Soares Luan Icaro freitas Pinto Cicera Alyne Lemos Melo Luciana Gama de Mendonca Ana Caroline da Silva Glauber Batista Moreira Santos Marina Lisboa Silva Maryana Monteiro Farias Food Engineering department Federal University of Ceara 2977Mister Hull Avenue Fortaleza 60356001 Brazil

The aim of this study was to develop a new bread formulation from different amounts of acai powder and polydextrose incorporated into wheat flour on bread technological properties. The formulations were developed using the central composite rotational design and having as dependent variables specific volume, hardness, crumb color and image analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple regression and response surface. The results showed that the inclusion of powdered acai and polydextrose in bread formulations reduces the specific volume and alveoli number and increases the browning and hardness of the bread. However, values of this addition （30 g/100 g） were found that did not promote significant quality reduction and the scanning electron microscopy （SEM） showed minimal damage to the gluten network at this level of incorporation.

关键词： Bread quality fermentation functional ingredients gluten network.