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China & the World Cultural Exchange 2024年第8期 30-32页

作者： Wang Jue Li Zhuo'er 不详

A Grand Canal,spanning ancient and modern times,traversing north and south,flows *** Grand Canal,stretching nearly 3,200 kilometers and with a history of over 2,500 years,is the world's largest,longest,and oldest *** June 22,2014,the Grand Canal was officially inscribed on the World Heritage List by the World Heritage Committee at its 38th session.

关键词： Grand stretching Ancient

Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim Böttrich Pascal Bauer Vincent Gröβer Magdalena Huber Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech Svenja Nolte theresa Dombrowski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer Robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Karsten Krüger Christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany th Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular *** pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early *** is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of ***,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated ***:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking *** of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were ***,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose *** of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow *** were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque *** and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between ***:SAP was detected in a total of 29 *** participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).the participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Subclinical atherosclerosis

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长期护理保险制度衔接、政策整合与机制协同

中国软科学 2024年第4期 12-24页

作者：戴卫东德勒格尔浙江财经大学公共管理学院浙江省新型重点专业智库“中国政府监管与公共政策研究院”浙江杭州310018 中国大地保险有限公司浙江分公司浙江杭州310000

建立长期护理保险制度是党中央和国务院积极应对人口老龄化、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要战略决策。研究发现,目前长护险已经试点7年,成绩与问题并存。基于此,提出“十四五”期间长护险建制在从一开始就需要厘清多元复杂的... 详细信息

建立长期护理保险制度是党中央和国务院积极应对人口老龄化、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要战略决策。研究发现,目前长护险已经试点7年,成绩与问题并存。基于此,提出“十四五”期间长护险建制在从一开始就需要厘清多元复杂的相关关系,不能因循守旧,应该统领全局,提前谋划长护险与社会保险和商业保险、老年和残疾人福利以及低保和特困救助等社会保障制度的衔接,从分配对象、分配内容、服务输送和资金运作4个维度做好长护险与相关社会福利政策的整合,在人才培育发展机制、定点机构遴选机制、服务购买机制、激励机制、信息化和技术创新机制、质量监督机制等方面做到与公共服务多主体机制的协同。只有这样才能保证这项惠及民生的“第六险”制度少走弯路、少犯错误。

关键词：治理体系现代化长期护理保险制度衔接政策整合机制协同

黄金时代的阴影:20世纪美国人文学科博士危机及启示

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清华大学教育研究 2024年第2期45卷 71-83,143页

作者：陈尔东罗英姿南京农业大学公共管理学院江苏南京210095

基于历史演进视角剖析,美国人文博士生教育在20世纪经历由高速扩张,到引发危机,再到培养策略调整的发展历程。繁荣的美国高等教育黄金年代在促进人文学科博士生教育快速发展的同时,也为持续数十年的人文学科博士危机埋下隐患;美国人文... 详细信息

基于历史演进视角剖析,美国人文博士生教育在20世纪经历由高速扩张,到引发危机,再到培养策略调整的发展历程。繁荣的美国高等教育黄金年代在促进人文学科博士生教育快速发展的同时,也为持续数十年的人文学科博士危机埋下隐患;美国人文学科博士危机其本质是博士学位获得者与大学终身教职之间的自然衔接关系消失,根深蒂固的学术接班人培养理念与培养方式难以适应博士生个人发展诉求。进一步分析发现,人文博士危机的出现及加重同美国博士生教育基本特征相关,包括市场导向、非中心化、结构化等。为促进人文学科博士生教育持续发展,美国学界聚焦于“培养公共人文学者”议题,强调在培养学科继承人、促进多元化职业发展以及提升人文学科社会价值三者间实现平衡。由此借鉴,在我国高等教育高速发展,博士生教育空前繁荣的历史背景下,既需要培养能够走出校园、服务公共文化事业的人文学者,也需要警惕教育市场化所衍生的功利倾向与短视问题,并借助毕业博士追踪数据持续为教育领域提供反馈。

关键词：人文学科博士博士生培养美国博士生教育

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Sex-dependent increase of movement activity in the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus following adaptation to a predator-free cave habitat

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Current Zoology 2023年第4期69卷 418-425页

作者： ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Hajriz Berisha Gergely Horváth Žiga Fišer Gergely Balázs Cene Fišer Gábor Herczeg Author Notes Behavioural Ecology Group Department of Systematic Zoology and EcologyBiological InstituteELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityPázmány Péter sétány 1/CBudapestHungary H-1117 ELKH-ELTE-MTM Integrative Ecology Research Group Pázmány Péter sétány 1/CBudapestHungary H-1117 Department of Biology Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 1011000 LjubljanaSlovenia

Populations experiencing negligible predation pressure are expected to evolve higher behavioral ***,when sexes have different expected benefits from high activity,the adaptive shift is expected to be ***,we compared movement activity of one cave(lack of predation)and three adjacent surface(high and diverse predation)populations of Asellus aquaticus,a freshwater isopod known for its independent colonization of several caves across *** predicted 1)higher activity in cave than in surface populations,with 2)the difference being more pronounced in males as they are known for active mate searching behavior,while females are *** was assessed both in the presence and absence of *** results supported both predictions:movement activity was higher in the cave than in the surface populations,particularly in *** predation pressure in the cave-adapted population is most likely the main selective factor behind increased behavioral activity,but we also showed that the extent of increase is sex-specific.

关键词： adaptation cave colonization movement activity predator-free environment

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某运营铁路隧道病害套衬整治实例研究

价值工程 2024年第4期43卷 81-84页

作者：杨二坤中铁二十五局集团第二工程有限公司南京210000

病害整治是提升老旧隧道服役寿命,保障铁路隧道工程安全运营的重要举措。以某运营铁路隧道为研究对象,对隧道现存主要病害进行了探测检查,总结分析了相关病害的主要成因,并以套衬技术作为主要手段对隧道进行病害整治。最后,基于破损阶... 详细信息

病害整治是提升老旧隧道服役寿命,保障铁路隧道工程安全运营的重要举措。以某运营铁路隧道为研究对象,对隧道现存主要病害进行了探测检查,总结分析了相关病害的主要成因,并以套衬技术作为主要手段对隧道进行病害整治。最后,基于破损阶段法对整治前后的衬砌截面强度进行计算校核,结果表明套衬整治后结构安全性得到大幅提升。相关整治过程对一般老旧铁路隧道病害整治工作的开展具有借鉴作用。

关键词：铁路隧道病害整治套衬

Northern China maximum temperature in the summer of 1743: A historical event of burning summer in a relatively warm climate background

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第23期49卷 2508-2514页

作者： ZHANGDe'er DemareeGaston NationalClimateCenterofChina Beijing100081China RoyalMeteorologicalInstitute BrusselsBelgium

In the context of historical climate records of China and early meteorological measurements of Beijing discovered recently in Europe, a study is undertaken on the 1743 hottest summer of north China over the last 700 a, cov- ering Beijing, Tianjin, and the provinces of Hebei, Shanxi and Shandong, with the highest temperature reaching 44.4℃ in July 1743 in Beijing, in excess of the maximum climate record in the 20th century. Results show that the related weather/climate features of the 1743 heat wave, e.g., flood/ drought distribution and Meiyu activity and the external forcings, such as solar activity and equatorial Pacific SST condition are the same as those of the 1942 and 1999 heat events. It is noted that the 1743 burning summer event oc- curs in a relatively warm climate background prior to the Industrial Revolution, with a lower level of CO2 release.

关键词： 1743年中国夏季气温气候背景历史二氧化碳

A Study of the Large Scale Flooding over Eastern China in 1755

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Advances in Climate change Research 2012年第3期3卷 128-137页

作者： ZHANG De-er National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

Following disastrous flooding in several river valleys over eastern China in 1755, serious flooding occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in 1756 and 1757, a rarely seen precipitation pattern of north-flood and south-drought in China for two successive years. this is a serious meteorological disaster and extreme climatic event taking place under the climatic background of a warm phase of the Little Ice Age. In this paper, by means of historical literature records, the rainy and flooding situation and the weather characteristics of these years are reconstructed and the maps depicting areas of prolonged rain, flood and concomitant famine, insect pest, and pestilence are made. the results show that, in 1755, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, and the Huaihe River Basin experienced a prolonged rainy season with multiple torrential rain events. the continuous rainy period exceeded 40 days in the Huang-Huai Region. An early Meiyu occurred, and the duration of the Meiyu period in the lower Yangtze River Basin was 43 days, the longest in the 18th century. Particularly in Nanjing the annual rainfall of 1755 was 1,378 mm, the highest record of the 18th century. the year of 1755 is characterized by lower temperature in summer, early frost in autumn, and heavy snowfall and freezing rain in winter. these characteristics are extremely similar to those of 1823 and 1954, two typical years of extreme rainfall. And all these three years with extreme precipitation axe corresponding to the minimum phase of the solar activity cycle.

关键词： extreme climatic event flood meteorological disaster 1755 historical climate

A Long Lasting and Extensive Drought Event over China in 1876-1878

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Advances in Climate change Research 2010年第2期1卷 91-99页

作者： De＇er Zhang Youye Liang National Climate Center of China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

Between 1876 and 1878 a large-scale drought occurred in China. this is a major meteorological disaster and an extreme climate event despite the cold climate at the end of the Little Ice Age. In this paper the dynamic evolution of the occurrence and development of the drought is reproduced on the basis of historical literature records. these were used to calculate the yearly numbers of drought-hit counties and to determine the spatial distribution in addition with concomitant famine, locust plague and pestilence epidemic for each of the three years. the persistent drought disaster spread over 13 provinces with its center in Shaanxi, Henan and Shanxi provinces, where the continuous non-soaking rain period exceeded 340 days. Conclusively, it is more severe than the worst drought （1928-1930） in the 20th century. this drought disaster of 1876-1878 took place in the descending phase of the 11th sunspot activity period and the start of the 12th period. It also happened during a spell of frequent E1 Nino events and corresponds with an extremely strong E1 Nino.

关键词： extreme climate event drought meteorological disaster 1876-1878

Numerical Analysis of Emergency River Restoration Scheme for Qingping Mega Debris Flow

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第1期10卷 130-136页

作者： CHEN Ri-dong LIU Xing-nian HUANG er GUO Zhi-xue State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University

the mega debris flow occurred on August 13 th 2010 in Qingping town,China(hereafter called '8.13' Debris Flow) have done great damage to the local habitants as well as to the re-construction projects in the quake-hit areas,and the channel-fill deposit problem caused by the debris flow was the most ***,it is of high possibility that an even severe deposit problem would reappear and result in worse *** order to maximize risk reduction of this problem,relevant departments of the government established a series of emergency river restoration schemes,for which the numerical analysis is an important procedure to evaluate and determine the optimized *** study presents a numerical analysis by applying a twodimensional debris flow model combined with a relevant water-sediment model to simulate the deposit during the progress of the debris flow,and to calculate and analyze the river flow field under both the present condition and different restoration *** results show that the debris flow model,which takes the confluence of the Wenjia Gully to the main river into account,could simulate the deposit process quite *** the reproduced debris flow from the simulation of the '8.13' Debris Flow,the original river flow path has switched to a relatively lower place just along the right bank with a high speed of near 7m.s-1 after being blocked by the deposit,which is highly *** prevent this hazard,a recommended scheme is derived through inter-comparison of different restoration *** shows that the recommended scheme is able to reduce the water level and as well to regulate the flow *** on the given conditions of the mainstream and the tributary confluence for the simulated '8.13' Debris Flow,when encountering a debris flow with deposit volume less than 0.5 million m3,the river channel can endure a 20-year return flood;however,when the deposit volume increases to 2 million m3,the flood capacity of the river will be

关键词： Flash flood Debris flow River restoration Numerical analysis Finite element method