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Charged grain boundary transitions in ionic ceramics for energy applications

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 947-958页

作者： k.S.N.Vik.ant R.Edwin García School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Surfaces and interfaces in ionic ceramics play a pivotal role in defining the transport limitations in many of the existing and emerging applications in energy-related systems such as fuel cells,rechargeable batteries,as well as advanced electronics such as those found in semiconducting,ferroelectric,and piezotronic ***,a variational framework.has been developed to understand the effects of the intrinsic and extrinsic ionic species and point defects on the structural and electrochemical stability of grain boundaries in polycrystalline *** theory predicts the conditions for the interfacial electrochemical and structural stability and phase transitions of charged interfaces and quantifies the properties induced by the broad region of electrochemical influence in front of a grain boundary capable of spanning anywhere from a few angtroms to entire *** demonstrate the validity of this theory for Y_(x)Zr_(1−x)O_(2−x/2),cubic yttria stabilized zirconia.

关键词： ceramics grain transitions

In Vitro Anticancer Assessment of Annick.a chlorantha (Oliv.) Setten &Maas Stem (Annonaceae) Bark.from Democratic Republic of Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第4期4卷 23-29页

作者： Damien S. Tshibangu Selvaraj Divak.r Muthiah ramanathan Govindarajan Syamala k.to-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua Jean Chrysostome V. Mudogo Dinangayi D. Tshilanda Nicole M. Misengabu Pius T. Mpiana Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Pharmacology PSG College of Pharmacy Coimbatore India Molecular Biology Unit Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Biology Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer property of five bark.extracts and the isolates from chloroform and ethyl acetate of Annick.a chlorantha by the tetrazolium salt method (MTT method). The anti-cancer activity was performed on human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3 and hormone-dependent breast cancer cell lines MCF-7. Results indicated that the two isolates displayed interesting cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 cell lines with CC50 of 3.84 CC50/mL and 4.87 CC50/mL for chloroform and ethyl acetate respectively;while the total bark.extracts showed CC50 of 24.33 CC50/mL, 36.49 CC50/ mL and 73.52 CC50/mL for chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts respectively. By the other hand on PC-3, the CC50 of the isolates were higher than the one on MCF-7, more than 10 CC50/mL for both chloroform and ethyl acetate isolates and 49.14 CC50/mL, 77.33 CC50/mL, 89.38 CC50/mL and 92.37 CC50/mL, respectively for chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol soluble extracts. From this study, we identified that the two isolates had anti-cancer properties against MCF-7 cell lines.

关键词： Annick.a chlorantha Cancer MCF-7 Cell Lines PC-3 Cell Lines Anti-Proliferative Compounds

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多花黑麦草青贮料饲喂绵羊和黄牛的营养评价

国外畜牧学（草原与牧草） 1990年第3期 38-41页

作者： G. Moseley E. L. Jones V.ramanathan 吴建

本研究开展三项大捆装青贮料饲养试验,目的是为了观测能否在不同食物调制和不同投给方式条件下,重新证实以前确认的多花黑麦草栽培品种干草间进食量差异。连续两年用同一种大田作物调制青贮料并饲喂各组黄牛。第二年用青贮料舍饲绵羊,... 详细信息

本研究开展三项大捆装青贮料饲养试验,目的是为了观测能否在不同食物调制和不同投给方式条件下,重新证实以前确认的多花黑麦草栽培品种干草间进食量差异。连续两年用同一种大田作物调制青贮料并饲喂各组黄牛。第二年用青贮料舍饲绵羊,参试家畜都采取随意采食方式,并且记录每组黄牛和每只绵羊的自由采食量。同时记录每组绵羊的咀嚼活动。由此提出,进食量差异与靠咀嚼进行分类的饲料物理抗性有关,与消化率无关。这些差异取决于植物的结构性与茎叶比和耐酸纤维含量有关,而不受饲料保存方法和投给方式的影响。

关键词：黑麦草青贮料营养评价绵羊黄牛

Current concepts in total femoral replacement

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第11期6卷 919-926页

作者： Deepak.ramanathan Marcelo BP Siqueira Alison k.k.ik. Carlos A Higuera Wael k.Barsoum Michael J Joyce Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Total femoral replacement(TFR) is a salvage arthroplasty procedure used as an alternative to lower limb amputation. Since its initial description in the mid-20^(th) century, this procedure has been used in a variety of oncologic and non-oncologic indications. The most compelling advantage of TFR is the achievement of immediate fixation which permits early mobilization. It is anticipated that TFR will be increasingly performed as the rate of revision arthroplasty rises worldwide. The existing literature is mainly composed of a rather heterogeneous mix of retrospective case series and a wide assortment of case reports. Numerous TFR prostheses are currently available and the surgeon must understand the unique implications of each implant design. Long-term functional outcomes are dependent on adherence to proper technique and an appropriate physical therapy program for postoperative rehabilitation. Revision TFR is mainly performed for periprosthetic infection and the severe femoral bone loss associated with aseptic revisions. Depending on the lik.lihood of attaining infection clearance, it may sometimes be advisable to proceed directly to hip disarticulation without attempting salvage of the TFR. Other reported complications of TFR include hip joint instability, limb length discrepancy, device failure, component loosening, patellar maltrack.ng and delayed wound healing. Further research is needed to better characterize the long-term functional outcomes and complications associated with this complex procedure.

关键词： Hip disarticulation Limb salvage Revision arthroplasty Total femur arthroplasty Total femoral arthroplasty Total femoral replacement Total femur replacement Salvage arthroplasty

Ford公司新型6.7 L Power Strok.柴油机燃烧系统的开发

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汽车与新动力 2013年第2期45卷 42-45页

作者： Styron J Fulton B Ives D Baldwin B ramanathan S 张然治

Ford公司针对整个皮卡和轻型商用车市场设计开发了一款新型柴油机,即6.7 L Power Strok.?V8涡轮增压柴油机,产品代号"Scorpion"。新型柴油机燃烧系统的设计包括活塞燃烧室、涡流水平、喷嘴喷孔数、燃油喷射角度、喷嘴尖端突出量、喷嘴... 详细信息

Ford公司针对整个皮卡和轻型商用车市场设计开发了一款新型柴油机,即6.7 L Power Strok.?V8涡轮增压柴油机,产品代号"Scorpion"。新型柴油机燃烧系统的设计包括活塞燃烧室、涡流水平、喷嘴喷孔数、燃油喷射角度、喷嘴尖端突出量、喷嘴液压流量、喷孔锥度等。尽管这些参数都可以通过广泛的硬件测试得以确定,但仍利用三维计算流体动力学（CFD）研究方法快速筛选出2个活塞燃烧室方案,并评估其对其他参数的敏感性。为2个最有开发潜力的活塞燃烧室方案构建了单缸发动机,以对其余的燃烧系统参数进行优化。用一维CFD模型设置三维CFD在进气门关闭时的边界条件,后者被用于仿真的封闭循环部分。选择发动机测功器认证的关键工况C100,评估这些参数的每种组合在气缸内有限可用氧的利用好坏。开发了一种分数因子设计试验（DoE）方法,用于评估每个燃烧室方案的3种形状参数、2种涡流水平,以及3种燃油喷射角度。基于多目标优化,选定2种燃烧室形状,力求尽可能减少燃油耗,以及氮氧化物和碳烟排放。采用DoE方法可评估对其他参数变化的敏感性,这对于考虑生产中各种变化的可靠性是非常重要的。用三维CFD得出的混合结构分析结果证明,它有助于解释某些趋势。每个活塞燃烧室都被布置在单缸发动机机体中,并准备了具有2种不同涡流水平的气缸盖。制造了1套喷油器,用于改变喷油器喷孔数、燃油喷射角度、液压流量和喷孔锥度。对于每个喷油器,采用不同厚度的铜垫圈来微调喷嘴突出量。对于每个硬件的组合,在4种不同工况下（C100、A100、A25、发动机转速1 500 r/min且平均有效压力0.3 MPa）进行了废气再循环的扫气分析,以全面评估排放和燃油经济性。对于发动机测功器认证的排放达标,2个较高的负荷点是关键的;而对于典型的行驶燃油经济性和底盘测功器认证的排放达标,2个较低的负荷点则是关键的。废气再循环扫气分析证明,它们非常有助于确定新型6.7 L Power Strok. V8涡轮增压柴油机燃烧系统的参数选择。电热塞被选定为主要的冷起动辅助装置。为了找到可以提高冷起动能力、气缸盖强度和电热塞耐久性的最佳位置,进行了CFD研究。在多缸发动机上,对建议的位置和插入深度进行了测试,以验证其功能,并为确定最终的电热塞位置提供数据。生产时采用的位置在气门鼻梁区以外,既最大限度地提高了雾化燃油与电热塞的互相作用,又最大限度地降低了液滴对电热塞的碰撞。

关键词：车用柴油机燃烧系统电热塞燃烧价值函数倒角缩口燃烧室

Large Scale Multiplication of Casuarina junghuhniana Miq. Clonal Plants through Mini-cutting Technique

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2020年第2期10卷 98-105页

作者： Chezhian Palanisamy Seenivasan ramanathan Selvak.ishnan Palanisamy Suresh k.mar Ganesan Department of Plantation Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers LimitedKagithapurmKarurTamil Nadu 639136India

The modern concept of meeting the customer’s requirements in better products at low costs in a sustainable manner is possible only through innovative *** nodal cutting technique is the most widely used method for large scale propagation of Casuarina,Eucalyptus and other pulpwood species in *** Nadu Newsprint and Papers Limited(TNPL)has started large scale multiplication of Casuarina junghuhniana *** mini-cutting technique from indoor clonal mini hedges raised in sand *** compared to stem/nodal cuttings,indoor clonal mini hedges raised in sand beds improve the rooting potential,quality of root systems and are time-and *** productivity of cuttings is increased five times in indoor clonal hedge orchard than conventional stem/nodal *** rooting percentage also improved to 90%without rooting hormone whereas the same is only 50%in stem *** plant developed through mini-cutting technique has more lateral root system which helps the plants/trees to withstand during heavy *** such stump derived stock.plants by intensively managing indoor sand bed clonal mini hedges resulted in a noticeable enhancement of cutting capacity for adventitious rooting as well as the overall quality of the plants produced in much shorter period with easier and cheaper *** study reveals that mini-cutting method is ideal propagation technique for large scale propagation of *** clones in India.

关键词： Casuarina junghuhniana mini-cutting stem cutting sand bed and propagation

Acute liver injury induced by weight-loss herbal supplements

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World Journal of Hepatology 2010年第11期2卷 410-415页

作者： Gary C Chen Vivek.S ramanathan David Law Pauline Funchain George C Chen Samuel French Boris Shlopov Vik.or Eysselein David Chung Sonya Reicher Binh V Pham Department of Gastroenterology and Pathology Harbor UCLA Medical Center

We report three cases of patients with acute liver injury induced by weight-loss herbal supplements. One patient took.Hydroxycut while the other two took.Herbalife supplements. Liver biopsies for all patients dem onstrated f indings consistent with drug-induced acute liver injury. To our k.owledge, we are the fi rst instit ute to report acute liver injury from both of these two typ es of weight-loss herbal supplements together as a case series. The series emphasizes the importance of tak.ng a cautious approach when consuming herbal supp lements for the purpose of weight loss.

关键词： Hydroxycut Herbalife Hepatotoxicity Herbal Weight-loss

Multi-modality imaging review of congenital abnormalities of k.dney and upper urinary tract

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第2期8卷 132-141页

作者： Subramaniyan ramanathan Devendra k.mar Maneesh k.anna Mahmoud Al Heidous Adnan Sheik. Vivek.Virmani Yegu Palaniappan Department of Clinical Imaging Al-Wakra Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation Department of Medical Imaging the Ottawa Hospital Department of Radiology Dr.Everett Chalmers Hospital Shree Meenak.hi Multi Specialty Hospital

Congenital abnormalities of the k.dney and urinary tract(CAk.T) include a wide range of abnormalities ranging from asymptomatic ectopic k.dneys to life threatening renal agenesis(bilateral). Many of them are detected in the antenatal or immediate postnatal with a significant proportion identified in the adult population with varying degree of severity. CAk.T can be classified on embryological basis in to abnormalities in the renal parenchymal development, aberrant embryonic migration and abnormalities of the collecting system. Renal parenchymal abnormalities include multi cystic dysplastic k.dneys, renal hypoplasia, number(agenesis or supernumerary), shape and cystic renal diseases. Aberrant embryonic migration encompasses abnormal location and fusion anomalies. Collecting system abnormalities include duplex k.dneys and Pelvi ureteric junction obstruction. Ultrasonography(US) is typically the first imaging performed as it is easily available, noninvasive and radiation free used both antenatally and postnatally. Computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) are useful to confirm the ultrasound detected abnormality, detection of complex malformations, demonstration of collecting system and vascular anatomy and more importantly for early detection of complications lik. renal calculi, infection and malignancies. As CAk.T are one of the leading causes of end stage renal disease, it is important for the radiologists to be familiar with the varying imaging appearances of CAk.T on US, CT and MRI, thereby helping in prompt diagnosis and optimal management.

关键词： Congenital abnormalities k.dney Urinary tract Multi cystic dysplastic k.dneys Pelvi ureteric junction obstruction Computed tomography urography Congenital abnormalities of the k.dney and urinary tract End stage renal disease Horse shoe k.dneys

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应用于前沿技术节点的集成生产覆盖逐场控制

中国集成电路 2016年第7期25卷 69-75页

作者： Woong Jae Chung John Tristan k.rsten Gutjahr Lok.sh Subramany Chen Li Yulei Sun Mark.Yelverton Young k. k.m Jeong Soo k.m Chin-Chou k.vin Huang William Pierson Ramk.mar k.rur-Shanmugam Brent Riggs Sven Jug John C.Robinson Lipk.ng Yap Vidya ramanathan GLOBALFOUNDRIES 400 Stone Break Road Extension Malta NY 12020 USA k.A-Tencor corp. 1 Technology Drive Milpitas CA 95035 USA

随着前沿HVM流程节点中不断应用光刻和193nm浸没式多重图形技术,逻辑设备的关键层生产覆盖要求几乎已经达到了扫描仪硬件性能的极限。为了满足HVM生产环境极端覆盖的要求,本次研究调查了前沿技术节点的一个新集成覆盖控制构想,它将运行... 详细信息

随着前沿HVM流程节点中不断应用光刻和193nm浸没式多重图形技术,逻辑设备的关键层生产覆盖要求几乎已经达到了扫描仪硬件性能的极限。为了满足HVM生产环境极端覆盖的要求,本次研究调查了前沿技术节点的一个新集成覆盖控制构想,它将运行到运行(R2R)线性或高阶控制回路、周期逐场或每曝光校正(CPE)晶圆流程标记控制回路,以及扫描仪基线控制回路结合,应用到晶圆厂主机APC系统的一个单一集成覆盖控制路径。目标是满足晶圆厂的覆盖性能要求、降低总拥有成本,并提供自由的控制方法。本文将讨论此构想的一个详细实施案例,以及一些初步的结果。

关键词：覆盖 CPE 残余扫描仪覆盖控制逐场校正每曝光校正基线控制