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Clean air captures attention whereas pollution distracts:evidence from brain activities

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 5-15页

作者： Jianxun Yang Yunqi Liu Berry van den berg Susie Wang Lele Chen Miaomiao Liu Jun Bi State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and resource reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Nanjing Foreign Language School Nanjing 210008China Department of Experimental Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Social Psychology University of GroningenGrote Kruisstraat 2/19712 TSGroningenThe Netherlands School of Education Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

Awareness of the adverse impact of air pollution on attention-related performance such as learning and driving is rapidly ***,there is still little known about the underlying neurocognitive *** an adapted dot-probe task paradigm and event-related potential(ErP)technique,we investigated how visual stimuli of air pollution influence the attentional allocation *** were required to make responses to the onset of a target presented at the left or right visual *** probable location of the target was forewarned by a cue(pollution or clean air images),appearing at either the target location(attention-holding trials)or the opposite location(attention-shifting trials).Behavioral measures showed that when cued by pollution images,subjects had higher response accuracy in attention-shifting *** analysis results revealed that after the cue onset,pollution images evoked lower N300 amplitudes,indicating less attentioncapturing effects of dirty *** the target onset,pollution cues were correlated with the higher P300 amplitudes in attention-holding trials but lower amplitudes in attention-shifting *** indicates that after visual exposure to air pollution,people need more neurocognitive resources to maintain attention but less effort to shift attention *** findings provide the first neuroscientific evidence for the distracting effect of air *** conclude with several practical implications and suggest the ErP technique as a promising tool to understand human responses to environmental stressors.

关键词： Air pollution Attention Disengagement Performance Event-related potential

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Combining two-photon lithography with laser ablation of sacrificial layers:A route to isolated 3D magnetic nanostructures

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Nano research 2023年第1期16卷 1441-1447页

作者： Arjen van den berg Mylène Caruel Matthew Hunt Sam Ladak School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK Institut National des Sciences Appliquées(INSA)of Toulouse 35 Avenue de Rangueil31400 ToulouseFrance

Three-dimensional(3D)nanostructured functional materials are important systems allowing new means for intricate control of electromagnetic properties.A key problem is realising a 3D printing methodology on the nanoscale that can yield a range of functional *** this article,it is shown that two-photon lithography,when combined with laser ablation of sacrificial layers,can be used to realise such a vision and produce 3D functional nanomaterials of complex ***-of-principle is first shown by fabricating planar magnetic nanowires raised above the substrate that exhibit controlled domain wall injection and ***,3D artificial spin-ice(3DASI)structures are fabricated,whose complex switching can be probed using optical *** show that by careful analysis of the magneto-optical Kerr effect signal and by comparison with micromagnetic simulations,depth dependent switching information can be obtained from the 3DASI *** work paves the way for new materials,which exploit additional physics provided by non-trivial 3D geometries.

关键词： three-dimensional(3D)nanomagnetism 3D lithography 3D artificial spin ice sacrificial layers magneto-optical Kerr effect

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Impact of black cherry on pedunculate oak vitality in mixed forests:Balancing benefits and concerns

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 690-699页

作者： Ellen Desie Bart Muys Jan den Ouden Bart Nyssen rita Sousa-Silva Leon van den berg Arnold van den Burg Gert-Jan van Duinen Koenraad van Meerbeek Maaike Weijters Karen vancampenhout Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU Leuven Campus GeelKleinhoefstraat 4B-2240 GeelBelgium Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200EBox 2411B-3001 LeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Plant Institute B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Forest Ecology and Management Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningenthe Netherlands Bosgroep Zuid-Nederland Huisvenseweg 145591 VD Heezethe Netherlands Young Academy for Sustainability research University of Freiburg79104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Aquatic Ecology&Environmental Biology Radboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJ Nijmegenthe Netherlands Biosphere/Zoological Museum Netherlands Onderlangs 176731 BK Otterlothe Netherlands Stichting Bargerveen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands B-WArE research Centre/radboud University Nijmegen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands

The vitality of European forests continues to decline due to new pests and diseases,climate-change related disturbances and high loads of atmospheric nitrogen *** soil health is a major factor underpinning the low vitality of West-European *** tree species with soil ameliorative traits is proposed as an avenue to counteract soil acidification and improve overall forest *** we evaluate the impact of black cherry(Prunus serotina Ehrh.),a known rich litter species,on the vitality of neighboring pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)in ten mixed forests on sand in Germany,Belgium and the *** found that black cherry admixture increases foliar N and P to a surplus whereas it causes deficiencies in foliar Mg,thereby resulting in an overall negative effect on oak foliar nutrient ***,defoliation of oak leaves by herbivory decreases with the proximity of black *** structural equation modelling(SEM),we tested the hypothesized‘improved soil health’*** analyses showed that black cherry admixture leads to lower accumulation in the humus layer,resulting in higher soil base saturation which has a positive effect on foliar Ca yet a negative effect on total ***,the SEM illustrated that herbivory of oak leaves decreases when black cherry is admixed,both via dilution and improved soil *** effects of black cherry on oak vitality via“improved soil health”in our SEM are however small in comparison to direct ***,our study showed that the combined positive and negative impacts of black cherry on oak vitality are limited,which tempers the potential benefits of using the rich litter species to counteract oak decline via improved soil health–yet,the concern of black cherry as an invasive alien species negatively affecting the vitality of mature pedunculate oak trees may also be exaggerated.

关键词： rich litter species Black cherry Nutrient cycling Insect herbivory Dilution effect Humus type Pedunculate oak Plant-soil interaction

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room temperature synthesis of perylene diimides facilitated by high amic acid solubility

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第4期9卷 1090-1108页

作者： Markus C.Kwakernaak Marijn Koel Peter J.L.van den berg Erik M.Kelder Wolter F.Jager Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZ DelftThe Netherlands Department of radiation Science and Technology/reactor Institute Delft Delft University of Technology2629 JB DelftThe Netherlands

A novel protocol for the synthesis of perylene diimides(PDIs),by reacting perylene dianhydride(PDA)with aliphatic amines is *** conversions were obtained at temperatures between 20 and 60℃,using DBU as the base in DM... 详细信息

关键词： synthesis solubility anhydride

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Qualifying the suitability of living donor livers for pediatric liver transplantation:are we doing the right thing?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第3期12卷 462-464页

作者： Henkjan J.Verkade Frans C.J.Cuperus Aad P.van den berg Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of PediatricsUniversity of GroningenBeatrix Children’s HospitalUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands

Over the last decades,liver transplantation has become the standard care for many forms of end-stage liver disease,both in adults and in *** prognosis after pediatric liver transplantation(pLT)has steadily increased up to a patient survival at 5 years of 85%and an estimated graft half life of 31 years(1,2).In the early days of pLT,the transplanted organ originated from deceased *** 1990,adult-to-child living donor liver transplantation(LDLT)programs have developed,which rapidly gained popularity,particularly in Europe and Asia(2,3).A major stimulus for LDLT has been the limited availability of deceased *** indications for liver transplantation have expanded,particularly for adult patients,at a higher rate than the availability of donor ***,the quality of donor organs has steadily declined,resulting in a decreased utilization of livers from deceased donors for transplantation(4).The limited availability of qualified deceased donor livers has further stimulated LDLT:in Europe,for example,the percentage of living donor organs used for pLT increased from 7%before 2000 to 40%since 2010(1).

关键词： Steatosis graft survival pediatric liver transplantation(pLT) patient survival

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The rediscovery of Strix butleri(Hume,1878)in Oman and Iran,with molecular resolution of the identity of Strix omanensis robb,van den berg and Constantine,2013

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Chinese Birds 2016年第2期7卷 85-94页

作者： Magnus S.robb George Sangster Mansour Aliabadian Arnoud B.van den berg Mark Constantine Martin Irestedt Ali Khani Seyed Babak Musavi Joao M.G.Nunes Maia Sarrouf Willson Alyn J.Walsh The Sound Approach Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural History Department of Zoology Stockholm University Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad research Department of Zoological Innovations Institute of Applied ZoologyFaculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad Khorasan-e razavi Provincial Office of the Department of the Environment Khucheh Gochin Parque Ecológico do Funchal Environment Society of Oman Wildfowl reserve

Background:Many species of owls(Strigidae) represent cryptic species and their taxonomic study is in *** recent years,two new species of owls of the genus Strix have been described from the Middle East by different research *** has been suggested that one of these species,***,is not a valid species but taxonomic compari?sons have been hampered by the lack of voucher specimens of ***,and the poor state of the holotype of ***:Here we use new DNA sequence data to clarify the taxonomy and nomenclature of the *** *** also report the capture of a single *** sensu stricto in Mashhad,***:A cytochrome b sequence of *** was found to be identical to that of the holotype of ***,indicating that the name *** is best regarded as a junior synonym of *** identity of the *** captured in Mashhad,Iran,was confirmed using DNA sequence *** represents a major(1300 km) range exten?sion of this ***:The population discovered in Oman in 2013 and originally named ‘***' actually represents the rediscovery of ***,which was known from a single specimen and had not been recorded since *** range of *** extends into northeast *** study augments the body of evidence for the recognition of *** and *** as separate species and highlights the importance of using multiple evidence to study cryptic owl species.

关键词： Molecular identification Nomenclature Phylogenetics Strigidae Strix Taxonomy

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Decision support model for effects estimation and proportionality assessment for targeting in cyber operations

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第2期17卷 352-374页

作者： C.Maathuis W.Pieters J.van den berg Delft University of Technology Jaffalaan 52628 BXDelftNetherlands TNO Military Operations Oude Waaldorperweg 632597 AKDen HaagNetherlands Netherlands Defense Academy De la Reyweg 1204818 BBBredaNetherlands Open University of the Netherlands Valkenburgerweg 1776419 ATHeerlenNetherlands

Cyber operations are relatively a new phenomenon of the last two *** that period,they have increased in number,complexity,and agility,while their design and development have been processes well kept under *** a consequence,limited data(sets)regarding these incidents are *** various academic and practitioner public communities addressed some of the key points and dilemmas that surround cyber operations(such as attack,target identification and selection,and collateral damage),still methodologies and models are needed in order to plan,execute,and assess them in a responsibly and legally compliant *** on these facts,it is the aim of this article to propose a model that i))estimates and classifies the effects of cyber operations,and ii)assesses proportionality in order to support targeting decisions in cyber *** order to do that,a multi-layered fuzzy model was designed and implemented by analysing real and virtual realistic cyber operations combined with interviews and focus groups with technical e military *** proposed model was evaluated on two cyber operations use cases in a focus group with four technical e military *** the design and the results of the evaluation are revealed in this article.

关键词： Cyber operations Cyber warfare Cyber weapons Artificial intelligence Fuzzy logic Targeting

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弹簧圈治疗的颅内动脉瘤:随访Mr血管成像检查特征——多中心研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2010年第5期 476-476页

作者： J.D.Schaafsma B.K.Velthuis C.B.L.M.Majoie r.van den berg P.A.Brouwer F.Barkhof 廖海燕 Department of Neurology Rudolf Magnus Institute of NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center Utrecht

关键词：弹簧圈 DSA MrA Mr 颅内动脉瘤多中心研究血管成像

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弹簧圈治疗动脉瘤:根据MrA和动脉DSA表现确定进一步的治疗

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第1期 77-77页

作者： J.D.Schaafsma B.K.Velthuis r.van den berg P.A.Brouwer C.B.L.M.Majoie F.Barkhof 刘丽华 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Rudolf Magnus Institute of NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center UtrechtHeidelberglaan 100PO Box 855003508 GA Utrechtthe Netherlands

目的评价MrA能否成为DSA的无创性替代手段,随访弹簧圈治疗颅内动脉瘤的病人是否需进一步治疗。材料与方法这项多中心研究经伦理委员会批准。对颅内动脉瘤弹簧圈治疗术后进行DSA随访的病人,在签署知情同意书后进行MrA检查。神经介入放射... 详细信息

目的评价MrA能否成为DSA的无创性替代手段,随访弹簧圈治疗颅内动脉瘤的病人是否需进一步治疗。材料与方法这项多中心研究经伦理委员会批准。对颅内动脉瘤弹簧圈治疗术后进行DSA随访的病人,在签署知情同意书后进行MrA检查。神经介入放射学家针对两种成像方法给予下一步的治疗建议(进一步治疗、继续随访或无需再进行随访)。采用加权κ检验分析根据DSA和MrA发现所确定治疗建议一致性和观察者间的一致性。结果根据DSA和MrA确定的治疗建议具有良好的一致性(κ=0.73;95%CI:0.66～0.80)。310例病人中有34例(11%)根据两种检查的表现需进一步治疗。6例病人(2%)根据DSA表现需进一步治疗,而MrA表现则需进一步随访;但这些病人中没有一例根据MrA表现而排除继续随访。另外6例病人(2%)根据MrA表现需进一步治疗,而DSA检查4例需进一步随访,1例无需再随访,1例病人不能确定。DSA检查后37例病人(12%)需继续随访,而MrA检查后有49例病人(16%)需继续随访(差异4%,95%CI:-0.6%～8.4%)。观察者间的一致性在DSA检查具有良好的一致性(κ=0.73;95%CI:0.64～0.82),而MrA检查具有中度的一致性(κ=0.53;95%CI:0.36～0.70)。结论根据MrA和DSA表现所确定的进一步治疗的病人比例总体相似,仅个别病例存在差异。因此,MrA可作为颅内动脉瘤弹簧圈治疗病人确定进一步治疗决策的随访手段。

关键词： MrA 病人 DSA 弹簧圈

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Calcineurin Inhibitors in the Treatment of Adult Autoimmune Hepatitis:A Systematic review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第6期10卷 1155-1166页

作者： Martine AMC Baven-Pronk Joffre M.Hew,Jr Maaike Biewenga Maarten E.Tushuizen Aad P.van den berg Gerd Bouma Johannes T.Brouwer Bart van Hoek 无 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Groene Hart HospitalGoudaNetherlands Department of Gastroenterolo-gy and Hepatology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenNetherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medical Center GroningenGroningenNetherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Amsterdam University Medical Center Location VUAmsterdamNetherlands reinier de Graaf Medical Center Delft DelftNetherlands Dutch Autoimmune Hepatitis Study Group

Background and Aims:A considerable number of au-toimmune hepatitis(AIH)patients completely or partially fail on first-line *** studies on the use of calcineurin inhibitors(CNIs)in the treatment of AIH have been published without focusing on *** aim was to assess the efficacy of CNIs in the treatment of adult AIH patients,specifically focusing on indication:first-line intolerant and with first-line insufficient response(failure to achieve or maintain remission),and with second versus third-line ***:A literature search included studies on the use of CNIs in adult *** with past or present use of CNIs from the Dutch AIH group cohort were *** primary endpoint was biochemical remission while using *** endpoints were biochemical response,treatment failure,and adverse ***:Twenty studies from the literature and nine Dutch patients were included describing the use of cyclosporine in 59 and tacrolimus in 219 adult AIH *** CNI remission rate was 53%in patients with insufficient response to first-line treatment and 67%in patients intolerant to first-line *** were used as second-line treatment in 73%with a remission rate of 52%and as third-line treatment in 22%with a remission rate of 26%.Cyclosporine was discontin-ued in 13%and tacrolimus in 11%of patients because of adverse ***:CNIs as rescue treatment in adult AIH patients are reasonably effective and safe both with insufficient response or intolerance to previous *** studies are needed.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Cyclosporine Tacrolimus Calcineurin inhibi-tor

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