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Wastewater Surveillance provides Spatiotemporal SArS-CoV-2 Infection Dynamics

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Engineering 2024年第9期40卷 70-77页

作者： Xiawan Zheng Kathy Leung Xiaoqing Xu Yu Deng Yulin Zhang Xi Chen Chung In Yau Kenny W.K.Hui Eddie pak Ho-Kwong Chui ron Yang Hein Min tun Gabriel Matthew Leung Joseph tsz Kei Wu Malik peiris Leo Lit Man poon tong Zhang Environmental Microbiome Engineering and Biotechnology Lab Center for Environmental Engineering ResearchDepartment of Civil EngineeringThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control School of Public HealthLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Litd.(D24H) Hong Kong 999077China the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Hong Kong 999077China School of public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China HKU-pasteur research pole The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Drainage Services Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong Kong 999077China Environmental protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionHong Kong 999077China the Jockey Club School of public Health and primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Wastewater surveillance(WWS)can leverage its wide coverage,population-based sampling,and high monitoring frequency to capture citywide pandemic trends independent of clinical *** we conducted a nine months daily WWS for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SArSCoV-2)from 12 wastewater treatment plants(WWtps),covering approximately 80%of the population,to monitor infection dynamics in Hong Kong,*** found that the SArS-CoV-2 virus concentration in wastewater was correlated with the daily number of reported cases and reached two pandemic peaks three days earlier during the study *** addition,two different methods were established to estimate the prevalence/incidence rates from wastewater *** estimated results from wastewater were consistent with findings from two independent citywide clinical surveillance programmes(rapid antigen test(rAt)surveillance and serology surveillance),but higher than the cases number reported by the Centre for Health protection(CHp)of Hong Kong,***,the effective reproductive number(r_(t))was estimated from wastewater measurements to reflect both citywide and regional transmission *** findings demonstrate that large-scale intensive WWS from WWtps provides cost-effective and timely public health information,especially when the clinical surveillance is inadequate and *** approach also provides insights into pandemic dynamics at higher spatiotemporal resolutions,facilitating the formulation of effective control policies and targeted resource allocation.

关键词： SArS-CoV-2 Wastewater surveillance prevalence Effective reproductive number

Surgical intervention combined with weight-bearing walking training promotes recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury:a randomized controlled study

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2773-2784页

作者： Hui Zhu James D.Guest Sarah Dunlop Jia-Xin Xie Sujuan Gao Zhuojing Luo Joe E.Springer Wutian Wu Wise Young Wai Sang poon Song Liu Hongkun Gao tao Yu Dianchun Wang Libing Zhou Shengping Wu Lei Zhong Fang Niu Xiaomei Wang Yansheng Liu Kwok-Fai So Xiao-Ming Xu Kunming tongren Hospital KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure ParalysisMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Minderoo Foundation PerthWAAustralia Clinical Center for Spinal Cord Injury Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military CommandKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Orthopedic Spinal Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury research Center Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Institute of CNS regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina W.M.Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA Neurosurgery Department Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

For patients with chronic spinal cord injury,the co nventional treatment is rehabilitation and treatment of spinal cord injury complications such as urinary tract infection,pressure sores,osteoporosis,and deep vein *** is rarely perfo rmed on spinal co rd injury in the chronic phase,and few treatments have been proven effective in chronic spinal cord injury *** of effective therapies fo r chronic spinal co rd injury patients is *** conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal co rd injury to compare intensive rehabilitation(weight-bearing walking training)alone with surgical intervention plus intensive *** clinical trial was registered at ***(NCt02663310).the goal of surgical intervention was spinal cord detethering,restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow,and elimination of residual spinal cord *** found that surgical intervention plus weight-bearing walking training was associated with a higher incidence of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement,reduced spasticity,and more rapid bowel and bladder functional recovery than weight-bearing walking training ***,the surgical procedures and intensive rehabilitation were *** Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement was more common in t7-t11 injuries than in t2-t6 *** combined with rehabilitation appears to have a role in treatment of chronic spinal cord injury patients.

关键词： chronic spinal cord injury intensive rehabilitation locomotor training neurological recovery surgical intervention weightbearing walking training

Generation and optical display of a binary-sampled phase-only hologram

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第1期14卷 12-15页

作者： p. W. M. tsang Y.-t. Chow t.-C. poon J.-p. Liu Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Department of photonics Feng Chia University No. 100 Wenhwa Rd. Taichung 407 China

past research has demonstrated that a phase-only hologram can be obtained by down-sampling the intensity image of the object scene prior to the generation of the hologram. In this Letter, we extend the method to the generation of binary phase-only holograms. A hologram derived with our proposed method is referred to as a binary-sampled phase-only hologram （BSpOH）. Being different from the parent scheme, we have adopted an off- axis configuration in the generation of the BSpOH to avoid the quantization noise, the zeroth-order light, and the conjugate lights. An experimental evaluation reveals that the reconstructed image of the BSpOH is of good quality, and only contains slight amount of noise.

关键词： Bins Holographic displays Lithography

An enhanced method for fast generation of hologram sub-lines

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第12期7卷 1092-1096页

作者： p. W. M. tsang J. p. Liu K. W. K. Cheung t.-C. poon Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China Department of photonics Feng Chia University No. 100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung 40724 China Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA

Sub-lines are one-dimensional diffraction patterns representing the light beams emerging from horizontal planes of an object image. past research has demonstrated that the sub-lines can be encapsulated as a multi-bank filtering process, and implemented with a field programmable gate array （FpGA） device. As the complexity of the filters is high, their length and the number of input pins have to be reduced substantially, hence leading to degradation on the reconstructed images. We propose an enhanced method to overcome the problem by binarizing the filters＇ coefficients, and half-toning the pixel intensities of the object image. Experimental evaluation reveals that our method results in reconstructed images are superior to that obtained with the parent method.

关键词： Diffraction Field programmable gate arrays (FpGA) Holographic interferometry

Use of recycled Glass in Architectural Mortars

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武汉理工大学学报 2010年第17期32卷 231-234,245页

作者： poon C S LING t C B Department of Civil and Structural Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

In recent years,recycled glass has been widely used as aggregate replacements in concrete. Owing to the aesthetic potential of the coloured recycled glass,this research aims to fully utilize this advantage for their higher end uses,such as architectural mortar. In this study,architectural white cement mortar was produced with a self consolidating method using recycled glass as the aggregate. An adequate amount of Metakaolin was incorporated into the mortar to mitigate the adverse effect of alkali-silica reaction. the results show that the self-compacting method is suitable to produce architectural mortar containing up to 100% recycled glass. Overall,the performance of all the architectural mortar mixtures in terms of both fresh and hardened properties was good.

关键词： recycled glass self-compacting architectural mortar ASr flexural strength

Evolution of systemic therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第42期14卷 6437-6441页

作者： thomas Yau pierre Chan richard Epstein ronnie t poon Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital Department of Surgery Queen Mary Hospital

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) commonly occurs in hepatitis B endemic areas, especially in Asian countries. HCC is highly refractory to cytotoxic chemotherapy. this resistance is partly related to its tumor biology, pharmacokinetic properties, and both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. there is no convincing evidence thus far that systemic chemotherapy improves overall survival in advanced HCC patients. Other systemic approaches, such as hormonal therapy and immunotherapy, have also disappointing results. recently, encouraging results have been shown in using sorafenib in the treatment of advanced HCC patients. In this review, we concisely summarize the evolution of developments in the systemic therapy of advanced HCC.

关键词： Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma Chemotherapy Doxorubicin Sorafenib

Episodic dolomitization of paleozoic limestones in the Kinta Valley,Malaysia:Implications on porosity evolution and reservoir properties

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Energy Geoscience 2021年第4期2卷 298-307页

作者： poon Xin Hui Mu.ramkumar r.Nagarajan Manoj J.Mathew t.F.Ng South East Asia Carbonate research Laboratory(SEACarL) Universiti Teknologi PETRONASBandar Seri Iskandar31750TronohPerakMalaysia Department of Geology Periyar University636011SalemIndia Department of Applied Geology Curtin UniversityMalaysia98009MiriSarawakMalaysia Shale Gas research Group Institute of Hydrocarbon RecoveryUniversiti Teknologi PETRONAS31750TronohPerakMalaysia Department of Geology University of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Carbonates undergo a variety of physical,mineralogical,chemical changes during depositional and postdepositional stages that are of interest to exploration geologists and *** over,about 60%of hydrocarbon reserves occur in carbonates with the dominant proportion associated with dolomitic reservoirs,in particular fault-associated dolomites which appear to be proven hydrocarbon *** as the critical diagenetic process thus plays an important role in determining reservoir characteristics and in designing exploration *** buried paleozoic dolomites exhibit relatively higher porosity than their counterparts,paleozoic ***-associated dolomites are usually targets of hydrocarbon exploration due to their good reservoir *** heterogeneity in carbonate reservoirs due to varied porosity types and distribution makes reservoir characterization a daunting ***,the key elements that control porosity development and evolution in these dolomites remain *** the influence of multiphase dolomitization,associated diagenetic events,hydrothermal alteration and their causative thermo-tectonic events on porosity evolution and reservoir quality is essential to understanding the critical processes and controlling factors that result in diverse impacts on reservoir *** this paper,an attempt is made to characterize dolomitization in homogeneous carbonate mud and its relationship with porosity evolution and reservoir *** the field,six facies types excluding host limestone are recognized,which are in turn characterized into seven petrographically recognizable phases,namely the host limestone,early replacement dolomite,sucrosic dolomite,metamorphosed dolomite,late replacement dolomite,brecciated limestone and dolomite and late stage *** analyses reveal the dominance of stoichiometric dolomites,followed by calcareous dolomites and magnesium *** all the field-based f

关键词： Dolomitization porosity evolution paleozoic Kinta Valley Malaysia

A registry-Based Observational Study on the Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of COVID-19 patients in Hong Kong,China

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第3期6卷 156-163页

作者： Hillary HY Leung teresa WL Ma Florrie NY Yu Meliza CW Kong tsz Kin Lo pauline pL So Wing-Cheong Leung Wendy Shu Ka Wang Cheung Sakita Moungmaithong Chi Chiu Wang Liona C.poon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of HongKongHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology United Christian HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Princess Margaret HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Tuen Mun HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Kwong Wah HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Mary HospitalHong Kong 999077China

Objective:to report the clinical maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),along with any associated pregnancy complications,in Hong Kong,China,and to assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on these ***:this prospective registry-based observational study included pregnant women who were recruited through convenient sampling and had a laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection with a cycle threshold(Ct)value result available on admission to eight local hospitals in Hong Kong,*** on clinical symptoms,laboratory results,medical treatments,delivery timing and mode,and pregnancy complications were extracted from the Hospital Authority’s electronic medical record ***,fetal,and pregnancy outcomes were compared between unvaccinated pregnant women with COVID-19 and those who had received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine before *** continuous variables and categorical variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the pearson’s chi-squared test respectively.A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically ***:A total of 164 pregnant women were included,of whom 78(47.56%)were ***-19 was diagnosed before 28 weeks’gestation in 30(18.29%),while 134(81.71%)were diagnosed at or after 28 weeks’***-two(37.80%)women received at least one dose of COVID-19 *** were no significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups in the time interval between COVID-19 diagnosis and delivery,the Ct value,and the gestational age at infection onset or delivery(p>0.05).the majority of women were symptomatic at diagnosis regardless of vaccination status 55(88.71%)in vaccinated group vs.78(76.47%)in unvaccinated group(p=0.052).Symptoms did not significantly differ between groups except for cough(62.90%vs.47.06%,p=0.049).the overall rate of severe COVID-19 in pregnant women was *** t

关键词： COVID-19 Maternal outcomes Fetal outcomes pregnancy complications Severe COVID-19

Clinicopathological and prognostic implications of endoglin (CD105) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and its adjacent non-tumorous liver

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第2期11卷 176-181页

作者： Joanna W.Ho ronnie t.poon Chris K.Sun Sheung-tat Fan Centre tor the Study of Liver Disease and Departments of Surgery and PathologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulam Hong Kong China

AIM: the expression pattern of endoglin (CD105) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been reported so far. We hypothesized that CD105 could differentially highlight a subset of microvessels in HCC, and intratumoral microvessel density (IMVD) by CD105 immunostaining (IMVD-CD105) could provide better prognostic information than IMVD by CD34 immunostaining (IMVD-CD34).MEtHODS: paraffin blocks of tumor and adjacent nontumorous liver tissues from 86 patients who underwent curative resection of HCC were used for this study. Serial sections were stained for CD105 and CD34, respectively,to highlight the microvessels. IMVD was counted according to a standard ***: In the HCC tissues, CD105 was either negatively or positively stained only in a subset of microvessels. In contrast, CD34 showed positive and more extensive microvessel staining in all cases examined. However, in the adjacent non-tumorous liver sections, CD105 showed a diffuse pattern of microvessel staining in 20 of 86 cases,while CD34 showed negative or only focal staining of the sinusoids around portal area. Correlation with clinicopathological data demonstrated that lower scores of IMVD-CD105 were found in larger sized tumors [mean 41.4/0.74 mm2 (＞5 cm tumor) vs 65.9/0.74 mm2(≤ 5 cm tumor), p = 0.043] and more aggressive tumors,as indicated by venous infiltration [36.8/0.74 mm2 (present)vs 64.2/0.74 mm2 (absent), p = 0.020], microsatellite nodules [35.1/0.74 mm2 (present) vs 65.9/0.74 mm2(absent), p = 0.012], and advanced tNM tumor stage [38.8/0.74 mm2 (stage 3 or 4) vs 68.3/0.74 mm2 (stage 1or 2), p = 0.014]. No prognostic significance was observed when median values were used as cut-off points using either IMVD-CD105 or IMVD-CD34. However, the presence of the diffuse pattern of CD105 expression in the adjacent non-tumorous liver tissues predicted a poorer disease-free survival (median 8.6 vs 21.5 mo, p = 0.026).CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that a lower IMVDCD105 is associated with larger

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Endoglin Intratumoral microvessel density