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MICrOSTrUCTUrE AND PrOPErTIES OF ANNEALED ZnO THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY MAGNETrON SPUTTErING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第3期18卷 177-183页

作者： j.Lee W.Gao Z.Li M.hodgson A.Asadov j.Metson DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering TheUniversityofAucklandAuckland1004NewZealand DepartmentofChemicalandMaterialsEngineering TheUniversityofAucklandAuckland1004NewZealand DepartmentofChemistry TheUniversityofAucklandPrivateBag92019Auckland1004NewZealand

ZnO thin films were deposited on a glass substrate by dc (direct current) and rf (radio frequency) magnetron sputtering. Post-deposition annealing was performed in different atmospheres and at different temperatures. The correlation of the annealing conditions with the microstructure and properties of the ZnO films wer e investigated by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, conductiv ity measurement and scanning electron microscopy. Only the strong 002 peak could be observed by X-ray diffraction. The post-deposition annealing of ZnO films wa s found to alter the film's microstructure and properties, including crystallini ty, porosity, grain size, internal stress level and resistivity. It was also fou nd that after annealing, the conductivity of poorly conductive samples often imp roved. However, annealing does not improve the conductivity of samples with high conductivity prior to annealing. The resistivity of as-grown films can be decre ased from 102 to 10-4Ω·cm after annealing in nitrogen. To explain the effects of annealing on the conductivity of ZnO, it is believed that annealing may alter the presence and distribution of oxygen defects, reduce the lattice stress, cau se diffusion, grain coarsening and recrystallization. Annealing will reduce the density of grain boundaries in less dense films, which may decrease the resistiv ity of the films. On the other hand, annealing may also increase the porosity of thin films, leading to an increase in resistivity.

关键词： zinc oxide thin films microstructure magnetron sputtering post-deposition annealing electrical conductivity

IMMUNOGLOBULIN ABNOrMALITIES IN CHrONIC LIVEr DISEASE

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1986年第8期99卷 688-690页

作者：潘伯荣 Kalsi j hodgson HjF Department of Gastroenterology Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical College Xi'an Department of Gastroenterology Hammersmith Hospital Royal Postgraduate Medical School London

Hyperimmunoglobulinemia is characteristic in chronic liver disease (CLD). A number of explanations have been advanced for this phenomenon. Continued antigenic challenge of endotoxins, deminished suppressor cell activity,enhanced helper cell activity or hyperfunction of B-lymphocytes may lead to enhanced synthesis of immunoglobulins (Igs). To elucidate the mechanism of hyperimmunoglobulinemia in CLD we have assessed the relationship among serum Ig levels, in vitro Ig synthesis and suppressor cell activity (SCA).

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Towards creep property improvement of selective laser melted Ni-based superalloy IN738LC

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第17期112卷 301-314页

作者： H.Y.Song M.C.Lam Y.Chen S.Wu P.D.hodgson X.H.Wu Y.M.Zhu A.j.Huang Monash Centre for Additive Manufacturing 15-17 Normanby RdNotting HillVIC 3168Australia Department for of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy 10 Innovation WalkClaytonVIC 3800Australia Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin UniversityVIC 3216Australia

Nickel-based superalloy IN738LC produced by selective laser melting(SLM)exhibits inferior hightemperature creep properties than its cast counterparts due to relatively smaller grain size,particularly for the plane normal to the building *** work studied effects of post heating strategy on the microstructure and especially the grain size to improve the high temperature creep *** asbuilt microstructure exhibited a fine grain size and large quantities of MC carbides that could effectively hinder grain *** was found that unconventional two-step heat treatments could lead to substantial grain growth,and the effect is particularly prominent at a specific *** ease of grain growth was explained after classifying the microstructural evolution(boundary carbide transformation)during each heating step and related to the reduced grain boundary pinning force from MC *** tests validated the effect of the new heat treatment scheme on the SLM-processed IN738LC at 850℃.An extended creep fracture life(1.5 to 4 times improvement)and lower secondary creep rates were achieved with samples subjected to the newly optimized two-step heat *** complete creep curves are also firstly presented for SLM-IN738LC,confirming the effectiveness of grain growth and highlighting the importance of dedicated heat treatment for SLM superalloys.

关键词： Selective laser melting IN738LC alloy Creep properties Heat treatments Grain structure

多阶段生产系统的PUSH/PULL混合控制策略

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控制与决策 1992年第2期7卷 152-155页

作者：汪定伟 T.j.hodgson 东北工学院自动控制系沈阳110006 美国北卡罗来纳州立大学

本文运用马尔可夫决策过程模型研究了MrP与jIT的最优结合方式,提出多阶段生产系统的最优的PUSH/PULL混合控制策略是:在生产线所有分支的初始阶段使用PUSH控制方式,而在其它阶段使用PULL控制方式。

关键词：生产系统混合控制 MrP jIT

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放牧研究与放牧管理

中国草地学报 1988年第6期 75-79页

作者： j.hodgson 新西兰梅西大学农学系系主任

长期以来,放牧管理一直是草地工作者争论和研究的主要课题。自然放牧过程涉及家畜与提供饲草的草地两个相互影响的循环过程,为此,我们必须研究草地与家畜对各种放牧管理的反映,从而找出放牧管理系统中的基本规律和原则。为了最有效地利... 详细信息

长期以来,放牧管理一直是草地工作者争论和研究的主要课题。自然放牧过程涉及家畜与提供饲草的草地两个相互影响的循环过程,为此,我们必须研究草地与家畜对各种放牧管理的反映,从而找出放牧管理系统中的基本规律和原则。为了最有效地利用有限的农业资源(土地、建筑、劳力)和费用(主要是肥料),放牧管理可看作是控制现有植物群落和家畜群体状况的一种手段。

关键词：放牧管理消化率草场连续放牧产草量草地生物量

Thellier-type paleointensity data from multidomain specimens

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Thellier-type paleointensity data from multidomain specimens

博弈与合作:处在十字路口的英格兰继续教育改革

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2015年度（第15届）学术年会

作者： Greig A.Paterson Andrew j.Biggin Emma hodgson Mimi j.Hill Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Identifying and excluding inaccurate paleointensity estimates that can arise from the effects of multidomain(MD) particles remains a key challenge for paleointensity studies. Here we approach this problem by incorporating realistic experimental noise into a phenomenological MD model, systematically exploring the parameter space of paleointensity experiments(the choice of protocol, laboratory field strengths and directions), applying optimization algorithms to the model predictions, and testing these against experimental datasets. The results allow us to conclude that:(1) In some cases, applying the lab field in a direction [60 from the NrM direction and with a magnitude～2 times larger than the ancient field may help to produce more linear and accurate Arai plots by allowing partial thermoremanent magnetization(p TrM) tails to compensate from excess natural remanent magnetization(NrM) loss, the mechanism behind typical MD Arai plot curvature.(2) The recently proposed FrAC criterion is consistently better at isolating accurate results than the traditionally used f parameter and should ideally have minimum values of 0.65, 0.45, 0.65, and 0.55 for the Thellier, Coe, Aitken, and IZZI protocols, respectively.(3) Newly developed sets of selection criteria(MC-CrIT) should maximize the likelihood of accepting accurate estimates from a suite of specimens influenced by MD behavior. The models, methods, and data presented here provide the means to objectively define data selection and demonstrate the effectiveness of a given set of criteria. Such approaches are vital, if we wish to remove the arbitrariness that hinders the identification of reliable paleointensity data.

关键词： Paleointensity Archeointensity Multidomain Non-ideal behavior

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职业技术教育 2020年第31期41卷 66-73页

作者： Ann hodgson Ken Spours 苑大勇(编译) 伦敦大学学院教育研究院14岁后教育与工作中心伦敦WCIHOAL 伦敦大学学院教育研究院北京外国语大学国际教育学院北京100089

20世纪90年代中期以来,随着市场化进程的推进,英国英格兰地区的继续教育已经改变了以往地方政府管理的模式,从一个具有竞争性的国家教育部门,逐渐偏离了英国其他三个地区的轨迹,走上了具有“合作性体系逻辑”的发展道路。这表现在,随着... 详细信息

20世纪90年代中期以来,随着市场化进程的推进,英国英格兰地区的继续教育已经改变了以往地方政府管理的模式,从一个具有竞争性的国家教育部门,逐渐偏离了英国其他三个地区的轨迹,走上了具有“合作性体系逻辑”的发展道路。这表现在,随着近期政府改革措施的推行,以及从全国到地方层次上的更多参与,英格兰地区的继续教育成为更具合作性的行业技能领域。通过历史和国际比较等方式进行体系化的分析,在对继续教育学院进行深度调查研究的基础上,探索处于转型期的英格兰继续教育战略方向,分析认为,英格兰的继续教育机构正根据社会发展趋势从一个应急性、竞争性的国家制度转变为更具合作潜能的区域性体系,重点放在更具包容性的经济发展和技能领域。

关键词：英格兰继续教育教育改革政策学习

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放牧研究中的术语及其定义

草原与草坪 1981年第1期 65-66+64页

作者： j·hodgson 胡自治

草层1、草层(Sward)——草本植物群体地上和地下部分的总称。它的特点是具有相对较矮的生长习性和相对连续的地面覆盖。2、草层植冠(Sward Canopy)——草本植物群体的地上部分,它涵有植物各部分的排列和分布的意义。3、牧草(Herbage)—... 详细信息

草层1、草层(Sward)——草本植物群体地上和地下部分的总称。它的特点是具有相对较矮的生长习性和相对连续的地面覆盖。2、草层植冠(Sward Canopy)——草本植物群体的地上部分,它涵有植物各部分的排列和分布的意义。3、牧草(Herbage)——单本植物群体的地上部分,是一种具有数量和营养价值特征的植物物质的积累,但不涵植物学组成和结构的意义。4、放牧地(Pasture)——草本植物群体的地上部分,通常有围栏为界,是放牧的一种功能单位。5、牧草量(Herbags mass)——单位土地面积的牧草总量,通常指地上的水平。但需指出,地上的水平只具一定的参考意义。

关键词：采食动物行为农产品动物产品农畜家畜土地面积草本植物单位面积地上部分放牧季放牧时期时间长度动物生产

加拿大阿比提比绿岩带地质发育中的金矿生成位置

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黄金科学技术 1988年第6期 11-13页

作者： C.j.hodgson 应光国

阿比提比绿岩带是加拿大,甚至可能是世界上最大的绿岩带。加拿大至今开采的所有金矿约有70％位于该带的南部。由于冰盖广泛发育,这个地区可能有更多的矿床未被发现。该绿岩带由约65000km2的太古代火山岩和同期、后期构造作用的花岗岩类... 详细信息

阿比提比绿岩带是加拿大,甚至可能是世界上最大的绿岩带。加拿大至今开采的所有金矿约有70％位于该带的南部。由于冰盖广泛发育,这个地区可能有更多的矿床未被发现。该绿岩带由约65000km2的太古代火山岩和同期、后期构造作用的花岗岩类组成。北面跟奎蒂科（Qnetico）片麻岩带相接,南面接花岗岩侵入体和南区的古生代地台岩石带,东面接Gren-

关键词：绿岩带金矿金属矿物金矿化主断层断层带断裂带地堑断层槽地质加拿大北美洲阿比