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Graphene-calcium carbonate coating to improve the degradation resistance and mechanical integrity of a biodegradable implant

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 394-404页

作者： Lokesh Choudhary Parama Chakraborty banerjee r.K.Singh raman Derrek E.Lobo Christopher D.Easton Mainak Majumder Frank Witte jörg F.Löffler Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory(NSEL) Bldg 37Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia CSIrO Materials Science and Engineering Bayview AvenueClaytonVIC 3168Australia julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Brandenburg Center for regenerative Therapies Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology Department of MaterialsETH Zurich8093 ZurichSwitzerland

Biodegradable implants are critical for regenerative orthopaedic procedures,but they may suffer from too fast corrosion in human-body *** necessitates the synthesis of a suitable coating that may improve the corrosion resistance of these implants without compromising their mechanical *** this study,an AZ91 magnesium alloy,as a representative for a biodegradable Mg implant material,was modified with a thin reduced graphene oxide(rGO)-calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))composite *** analytical and in-vitro electrochemical characterization reveals that this coating significantly improves the corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity,and thus has the potential to greatly extend the related application field.

关键词： Graphene coating Biodegradable implant Hydroxyapatite Corrosion Magnesium alloy

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Analysis of ancient mass extinction recoveries in marine environments: generating strategies for managing outcomes of the current mass extinction

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National Science review 2024年第1期11卷 8-10页

作者： David j.Bottjer Department of Earth Sciences University of Southern California

The defining feature of a mass extinction and its associated recovery is the global amount of extinction that occurred[1]. However, there is finer-scale detail to the story, as seen in the ongoing modern mass extinction(the sixth mass extinction), which exhibits variable effects among marine ecosystems and environments, and hence geographic areas [1].

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Global weirding at mass extinction horizons

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National Science review 2024年第1期11卷 10-12页

作者： Gregory j.retallack Department of Earth Sciences University of Oregon

A strong motivation for studying mass extinctions is understanding how current climatic and biodiversity crises will affect creatures living on land such as ourselves. Perhaps the question is: how bad can it get? In that case, terrestrial Permian-Triassic mass extinctions are an irresistible worst-case scenario [1].

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Metabolic reprogramming by Syntenin-1 directs rA FLS and endothelial cell-mediated inflammation and angiogenesis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 33-46页

作者： Anja Meyer Stephanie r.Zack Wes Nijim Adel Burgos Vishwa Patel Brian Zanotti Michael V.Volin M.Asif Amin Myles j.Lewis Costantino Pitzalis Shiva Arami joseph A.Karam Nadera j.Sweiss Shiva Shahrara jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoILUSA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyThe University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Midwestern UniversityDowners GroveILUSA Division of rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Centre for Experimental Medicine and rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteBarts and The London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Centre for Experimental Medicine&rheumatology William Harvey Research InstituteQueen Mary University of London and Barts NIHR BRC&NHS TrustLondonUK Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas Universityand Humanitas Research HospitalMilanItaly Department of Orthopedic Surgery the University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

A novel rheumatoid arthritis(rA)synovial fluid protein,Syntenin-1,and its receptor,Syndecan-1(SDC-1),are colocalized on rA synovial tissue endothelial cells and fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS).Syntenin-1 exacerbates the inflammatory landscape of endothelial cells and rA FLS by upregulating transcription of IrF1/5/7/9,IL-1β,IL-6,and CCL2 through SDC-1 ligation and HIF1α,or mTOr ***,Syntenin-1 orchestrates rA FLS and endothelial cell invasion via SDC-1 and/or mTOr *** Syntenin-1 reprogrammed endothelial cells,the dynamic expression of metabolic intermediates coincides with escalated glycolysis along with unchanged oxidative factors,AMPK,PGC-1α,citrate,and inactive oxidative ***,rA FLS rewired by Syntenin-1 displayed a modest glycolytic-ATP accompanied by a robust mitochondrial-ATP *** enriched mitochondrial-ATP detected in Syntenin-1 reprogrammed rA FLS was coupled with mitochondrial fusion and fission recapitulated by escalated Mitofusin-2 and DrP1 *** found that VEGFr1/2 and Notch1 networks are responsible for the crosstalk between Syntenin-1 rewired endothelial cells and rA FLS,which are also represented in rA *** to rA explants,morphological and transcriptome studies authenticated the importance of VEGFr1/2,Notch1,rAPTOr,and HIF1αpathways in Syntenin-1 arthritic mice and their obstruction in SDC-1 deficient ***,dysregulation of SDC-1,mTOr,and HIF1αnegated Syntenin-1 inflammatory phenotype in rA explants,while inhibition of HIF1αimpaired synovial angiogenic imprint amplified by *** conclusion,since the current therapies are ineffective on Syntenin-1 and SDC-1 expression in rA synovial tissue and blood,targeting this pathway and its interconnected metabolic intermediates may provide a novel therapeutic strategy.

关键词： Syntenin-1 Syndecan-1 rA FLS rA explants immunometabolism

Otolaryngology residency program factors associated with female resident representation

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 7-11页

作者： julia E.Canick james C.Campbell Charles r.Woodard Lars j.Grimm Alissa M.Collins Duke University School of Medicine DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of radiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Objective:Female representation in the field of otolaryngology is *** is the first point at which medical school graduates specialize in a chosen field and thus represents an opportunity to recruit and train more female *** study sought to identify program factors associated with greater female representation among resident ***:Departmental websites of all 124 otolaryngology residency programs in the United States and Puerto rico were examined for a list of *** programs with a resident roster available,the genders of residents,faculty,program directors,and chairpersons were *** and city population for each program was also recorded,as was female resident *** were compared using Pearson Chi‐squared univariate ***:1,632 residents and 2,605 faculty were included in the analysis of 109 *** median female resident representation was 40%.Programs with larger faculty sizes,more female faculty,and urban location were associated with an above‐median female resident *** with a larger residency cohort approached significance regarding above‐median female resident *** female faculty representation,program director gender,chairperson gender,and US region were not associated with variation in female resident ***:Greater female otolaryngology residency representation was associated with programs having an urban location and greater numbers of female and total *** was also likely that a larger resident cohort size may affect female resident *** proportions of female faculty,program director,and chairperson gender,as well as the US region,were not associated with variation in female resident gender representation.

关键词： gender program director recruitment residency training

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Further investigation on the fusion of ^(6)Li with ^(209)Bi target at near-barrier energies

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 106-117页

作者：张高龙焦振威张广鑫 M.r.Cortes 胡世鹏钱建强 D.Mengoni 屈卫卫李聪博郑云张焕乔孙慧斌王楠张春雷 j.j.Valiente-Dobón D.Testov M.Mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo D.Pierroutsakou M.La Commara A.Goasduff D.bazzacco D.r.Napoli F.Galtarossa F.recchia A.Illana S.bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin G.de Angelis M.Siciliano r.Menegazzo S.M.Lenzi j.L.Ferreira j.rangel Serkan Akkoyun L.F.Canto j.Lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy&Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of research and Manufacture of High Purity Germanium Materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INFN Sezione di PadovaPadovaItaly Dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell'Universita di padova PadovaItaly State Key Laboratory of radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China INFN Laboratori Nazionali di LegnaroI-35020 LegnaroItaly INFN Sezione di NapoliI-80126 NapoliItaly Dipartimento di Farmacia Universitàdi Napoli"Federico II"I-80131 NapoliItaly Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkiye Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemont-ILUSA Departamento de Matemaética Física e Computaç˜ao Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroFaculdade de Tecnologia27537-000ResendeRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCP 6852821941-972Rio de JaneiroBrazil

The complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for ^(6)Li+^(209)Bi were measured using the in-beamγ-ray method around the Coulomb *** cross sections of(deuteron captured)incomplete fusion(ICF)products were re-quantified experimentally for this reaction *** results reveal that the ICF cross section is equivalent to that of complete fusion(CF)above the Coulomb barrier and dominant near or below the Coulomb barrier.A theoretical calculation based on the continuum discretized coupled channel(CDCC)method was performed for the aforementioned CF and ICF cross sections;the result is consistent with the *** universal fusion function(UFF)was also compared with the measured CF cross section for different barrier parameters,demonstrating that the CF suppression factor is significantly influenced by the choice of potential,which can reflect both dynamic and static effects of breakup on the fusion process.

关键词： cross section incomplete fusion suppression factor weakly bound nuclei

In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable magnesium wires for medical implants: Mg purity, surface quality, Zn alloying and polymer coating

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jOUrNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： Tesar, K. Lunackova, j. jex, M. Zaloudkova, M. Vrbova, r. bartos, M. Klein, P. Vistejnova, L. Duskova, j. Filova, E. Sucharda, Z. Steinerova, M. Habr, S. balik, K. Singh, A. Czech Tech Univ Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn Dept Mat Trojanova 13 Prague 12000 Czech Republic Czech Acad Sci Inst Phys Slovance 2 Prague 18221 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Inst Dent Med Fac Med 1 Katerinska 32 Prague 12801 Czech Republic Gen Univ Hosp Prague Katerinska 32 Prague 12801 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Inst Anat Fac Med 1 U Nemocnice 3 Prague 12800 Czech Republic Czech Tech Univ Fac Nucl Sci & Phys Engn Dept Phys Brehova 7 Prague 11519 Czech Republic Czech Acad Sci Inst Rock Struct & Mech Dept Composites & Carbon Mat V Holesovickach 41 Prague 18209 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Fac Med Pilsen Biomed Ctr Alej Svobody 76 Plzen 32300 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Fac Med Pilsen Dept Pathol Physiol Alej Svobody 76 Plzen 32300 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Fac Med Pilsen Dept Histol & Embryol Alej Svobody 76 Plzen 32300 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Inst Pathol Fac Med 1 Studnickova 2 Prague 12800 Czech Republic Gen Univ Hosp Prague Studnickova 2 Prague 12800 Czech Republic Czech Acad Sci Inst Physiol Dept Biomat & Tissue Engn Videnska 1083 Prague 14200 Czech Republic Natl Inst Mat Sci Res Ctr Struct Mat 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba 3050047 Japan

Magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone formation. However, localized corrosion and H 2 generation limit the potential of Mg-based implants. Utilizing low-alloyed Mg-Zn wires can strongly reduce problems with large H 2 bubbles and improve the mechanical properties considerably while maintaining excellent long-term biocompatibility. Acidic pickling and a polymer coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo degradation. In this work, microstructural, mechanical, and in vitro characterization of 250 mu m and 300 mu m extruded wires made from ultra-pure Mg, commercially pure Mg, Mg-0.15Zn, Mg-0.4Zn and Mg-1Zn was performed. Additionally, Mg-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolymer of L-lactide and epsilon-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially damaged Wistar rat femurs. based on the observed Mg-induced osteogenesis, polymer-coated Mg wires with a small addition of Zn are a perspective material for bone-support applications, such as cerclage and fixation wires. (c) 2024 Chongqing University. Publishing services provided by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ) Peer review under responsibility of Chongqing University

关键词： Magnesium resorbable Mg wire Mg-Zn implant degradation Biocompatibility study Zn grain boundary segregation. COrrOSION DEGrADATION BIOMATErIALS PErFOrMANCE MECHANISM HYDrOGEN FrACTUrE

Necrotic enteritis and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens:Challenges in testing and using alternative products

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 288-298页

作者： robert j.Moore School of Science RMIT University

The global trend towards raising broiler chickens without the use of in-feed antibiotics(IFAs) means that there is an ongoing need to develop alternative treatments capable of delivering the benefits that IFAs previously provided. IFAs supported the productivity performance of chickens and played a key role in maintaining their health. Necrotic enteritis(NE) is an important disease of broilers that affects health,productivity, and welfare, and was previously well controlled by IFAs. However, with the reduction in IFA use, NE is resurgent in some countries. Vaccines and various feed additives, including pre-, pro-, and postbiotics, phytobiotics, fatty acids, and phage therapies have been introduced as alternative methods of NE control. While some of these feed additives have specific activity against the NE pathogen, Clostridium perfringens, most have the more general goal of reinforcing gut health. Extensive reviews of the effects of many of these feed additives on gut health have been published recently. Hence, rather than cover previously well reviewed areas of research this review focuses on the challenges and pitfalls in undertaking experimental assessment of alternative NE treatments and translating laboratory research to real world commercial production settings. The review is based on the author's particular experience,reading, thoughts, and analysis of the available information and inevitably presents a particular understanding that is likely to be at odds with others thinking on these issues. It is put forward to stimulate thinking and discussion on the issues covered.

关键词： Necrotic enteritis Clostridium perfringens Vaccines Feed additive Farm management

A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification—from bench to bedside

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Bone research 2024年第1期12卷 50-61页

作者： Emanuel j.Novais rajkishen Narayanan jose A.Canseco Koen van de Wetering Christopher K.Kepler Alan S.Hilibrand Alexander r.Vaccaro Makarand V.risbud Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Unidade Local de Saúde do Litoral Alentejano Orthopedic DepartmentSantiago do CacémPortugal rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas jefferson University PhiladelphiaPAUSA

Disc degeneration primarily contributes to chronic low back and neck ***,there is an urgent need to understand the spectrum of disc degeneration phenotypes such as fibrosis,ectopic calcification,herniation,or mixed *** these phenotypes,disc calcification is the least *** calcification,by definition,is the pathological mineralization of soft tissues,widely studied in the context of conditions that afflict vasculature,skin,and ***,disc calcification is associated with poor surgical outcomes and back pain refractory to conservative *** is frequently seen as a consequence of disc aging and progressive degeneration but exhibits unique molecular and morphological characteristics:hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cell differentiation;TNAP,ENPP1,and ANK upregulation;cell death;altered Pi and PPi homeostasis;and local *** studies in mouse models have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this *** is essential to recognize that the presentation and nature of mineralization differ between AF,NP,and EP ***,the combination of anatomic location,genetics,and environmental stressors,such as aging or trauma,govern the predisposition to ***,the systemic regulation of calcium and Pi metabolism is less important than the local activity of PPi modulated by the ANK-ENPP1 axis,along with disc cell death and differentiation *** there is limited understanding of this phenotype,understanding the molecular pathways governing local intervertebral disc calcification may lead to developing disease-modifying drugs and better clinical management of degeneration-related pathologies.

关键词： degeneration metabolism intervertebral

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