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Engineering for Inclusion:Empowering Individuals with Physical and Neurological Differences through Engineering Invention,research,and Development

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Engineering 2021年第2期7卷 141-143页

作者： Peter T.Cummings Philippe M.Fauchet Michael Goldfarb Martha W.M.Jones Maithilee Kunda Jonathan b.Perlin Nilanjan Sarkar Keivan G.Stassun Zachary E.Warren Karl E.Zelik Department of Chemical and biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235-1604USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235-1826USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235-1592USA Department of Medicine Healthand SocietyVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235-1665USA The Frist Center for Autism and Innovation Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235-1807USA Department of biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235-1631USA HCA Healthcare NashvilleTN 37203USA Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37232USA Treatment and research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders Vanderbilt Kennedy CenterNashvilleTN 37203USA Department of Physical Medicine and rehabilitation Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37212USA

*** The use of engineering tools,design,research,and thinking to create environments and capabilities whereby individuals who are currently under-employed or unemployed due to a physical disability(e.g.,amputation or spinal cord injury)or neurological difference(e.g.,autism)are enabled to become fully productive and employed members of society has been the implicit goal of decades of research at Vanderbilt University and *** Vanderbilt University,progress in these areas has been greatly facilitated by the proximity of the School of Engineering to the world-class Vanderbilt University Medical Center and the resulting close collaboration between engineering and medical researchers.

关键词： has environments power

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Exact geometry based quasi-conforming analysis for Euler-bernoulli beam

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2012年第5期 8-11页

作者： Ping Hu,a) Yang Xia,b) and Changsheng Wang c) School of Automotive Engineering,Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics,State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China School of Automotive Engineering Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China

The problem of quick analysis using exact geometry data was proposed by hughes et *** the isogeometric analysis framework was introduced as a *** this letter,the exact geometry concept is combined into the quasi-conforming framework and a novel method,i.e.,the exact geometry based quasi-conforming analysis is *** present method the geometry is exactly described by non-uniform rational b-spline bases,while the solution space by traditional polynomial *** method combines the merits of both isogeometric analysis and quasi-conforming finite element *** this letter Euler-bernoulli beam problem is solved as an example and the results show that the present method is effective and promising.

关键词： quasi-conforming method isogeometric analysis non-uniform rational b-spline Eulerbernoulli beam exact geometry

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A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 41-126页

作者： Colin N.Danson Malcolm White John r.M.barr Thomas bett Peter blyth David bowley Ceri brenner robert J.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.bucker Dangor Laurence Devereux Peter E.Dyer Anthony Dymoke-bradshaw Christopher b.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister I.Ferguson John M.Girkin Denis r.Hall David C.Hanna Wayne Harris David I.Hillier Christopher J.Hooker Simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps Janet Hull David Hunt Dino A.Jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis Ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild John Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.Malcolm ObE Stuart P.D.Mangles William Martin Paul McKenna richard O.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin David Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael J.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker rory r.Penman Geoff J.Pert Chris Pietraszewski Andrew randewich Nadeem H.rizvi Nigel Seddon MbE Zheng-Ming Sheng David Slater roland A.Smith Christopher Spindloe roy Taylor Gary Thomas John W.G.Tisch Justin S.Wark Colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins Dave Willford Trevor Winstone AWE Aldermaston ReadingUK Oxford Centre for High Energy Density Science Department of PhysicsClarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Formerly of Electrox LetchworthUK Formerly of Central Laser Facility Rutherford LaboratoryDidcotUK Formerly of Ferranti Defence Systems LincolnUK Leonardo EdinburghUK retired AWEReadingUK Formerly of AWE ReadingUK Formerly of Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Formerly of Optilas Ltd Milton KeynesUK retired Pro-Lite TechnologyCranfieldUK Specialised Imaging Ltd PitstoneUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Magna-Power Electronics Ltd ReadingUK Debe Lasers Needham Laser TechnologiesWhitchurchUK blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondonUK SPIE Europe CardiffUK Professor Emeritus(Physics) University of HullKingston upon HullUK Kentech Instruments Ltd WallingfordUK Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Professor Emeritus Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of Physics Durham UniversityDurhamUK Professor Emeritus(Photonics) Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Professor Emeritus University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Optical Surfaces Ltd KenleyUK JEH Lasers Ltd RugbyUK Scottish Universities Physics Alliance Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK ITEr Organization Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance Manx Precision Optics Ltd BallasallaUK Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Elliot Scientific Ltd MetroTest Scientific GroupHarpendenUK Centre for Plasma Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK retired Founderand former MDRofin-Sinar UK LtdHullUK Heraeus Noblelight Ltd CambridgeUK Mirli books ChelmsfordUK M Squared Lasers Ltd GlasgowUK University of Hertfordshire HatfieldUK E&EO UK Ltd Barton-upon-HumberUK Department of Physics University of YorkYorkUK IC Optical Systems Ltd BeckenhamUK Laser Micromachining Ltd St AsaphUK MbDA UK Ltd Brist

The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by *** of hughes research Laboratories,*** laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different *** the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of *** historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years.

关键词： high-power lasers history United Kingdom

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Computational cytometer based on magnetically modulated coherent imaging and deep learning

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 385-399页

作者： Yibo Zhang Mengxing Ouyang Aniruddha ray Tairan Liu Janay Kong bijie bai Donghyuk Kim Alexander Guziak Yi Luo Alborz Feizi Katherine Tsai Zhuoran Duan Xuewei Liu Danny Kim Chloe Cheung Sener Yalcin Hatice Ceylan Koydemir Omai b.Garner Dino Di Carlo Aydogan Ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA California NanoSystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of ToledoToledoOH 43606USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Yale School of Medicine New HavenCT 06510USA Department of biochemistry University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Surgery David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Detecting rare cells within blood has numerous applications in disease *** rare cell detection techniques are typically hindered by their high cost and low ***,we present a computational cytometer based on magnetically modulated lensless speckle imaging,which introduces oscillatory motion to the magneticbead-conjugated rare cells of interest through a periodic magnetic force and uses lensless time-resolved holographic speckle imaging to rapidly detect the target cells in three dimensions(3D).In addition to using cell-specific antibodies to magnetically label target cells,detection specificity is further enhanced through a deep-learning-based classifier that is based on a densely connected pseudo-3D convolutional neural network(P3D CNN),which automatically detects rare cells of interest based on their spatio-temporal features under a controlled magnetic *** demonstrate the performance of this technique,we built a high-throughput,compact and cost-effective prototype for detecting MCF7 cancer cells spiked in whole blood *** serial dilution experiments,we quantified the limit of detection(LoD)as 10 cells per millilitre of whole blood,which could be further improved through multiplexing parallel imaging channels within the same *** compact,cost-effective and high-throughput computational cytometer can potentially be used for rare cell detection and quantification in bodily fluids for a variety of biomedical applications.

关键词： rare magnetic speckle

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Nature:研究鉴定出蛋白Nlrp9b抵抗轮状病毒感染机制

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第27期17卷 I0002-I0002页

作者： Shu Zhu, Zheng Wei, Noah W. Palm, Yi Yang, Hua Yu, Hua-bing Li, Geng Wang, Xuqiu Lei, Marcel r. de Zoete, Jun Zhao, Yunjiang Zheng, Haiwei Chen, Liang Shan, richard A. Flavell Siyuan Ding, Ningguo Feng, Harry b. Greenberg Siyuan Ding, Harry b. Greenberg Penghua Wang, Yujiao Zhao Wen Pan, Jun Lu Jun Zhao, Yuval Kluger Kellie A. Jurado, Clara Abraham, Erol Fikrig Erol Fikrig, richard A. Flavell Department of Immunobiology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Medicine and Department of Microbiology & Immunology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California 94305 USA Palo Alto Veterans Institute of research VA Palo Alto Health Care System Palo Alto California 94304 USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology New York Medical College Valhalla New York 10595 USA Department of Genetics Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Pathology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Howard hughes Medical Institute Chevy Chase Maryland 20815 USA

轮状病毒（rotavirus）是婴儿和儿童罹患肠胃炎和腹泻的一种最为常见的原因，每年导致全世界大约21．5万人死亡。它是高度传染性的和潜在致命性的。这种病毒特异性地感染宿主小肠中的肠上皮细胞，并且已进化出抵抗干扰素和NF-Kb信号的... 详细信息

轮状病毒（rotavirus）是婴儿和儿童罹患肠胃炎和腹泻的一种最为常见的原因，每年导致全世界大约21．5万人死亡。它是高度传染性的和潜在致命性的。这种病毒特异性地感染宿主小肠中的肠上皮细胞，并且已进化出抵抗干扰素和NF-Kb信号的策略来躲避免疫系统，这就提出一个问题：其他的宿主因子是否参与肠道粘膜中的抗病毒反应。不过，针对体内（特别是通过NLr炎性体）检测和限制肠道病毒的机制，人们知之甚少。

关键词：感染机制轮状病毒蛋白鉴定肠上皮细胞 NF-Kb 免疫系统肠道粘膜

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初生期异氟烷暴露对小鼠脑细胞发育、成年期行为、学习和记忆的影响

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麻醉与镇痛 2011年第2期7卷 55-69,77页

作者： Andreas W. Loepke, MD, PhD, FAAP George K. Istaphanous, MD John J. McAuliffe, Ⅲ, MD, MbA, FAAP Lili Miles, MD Elizabeth A. hughes, bS lohn C. McCann, bS Kathrvn E. Harlow, bS C. Dean Kurth, MD, FAAP Michael T. Williams, PhD Charles V. Vorhees, PhD Steve C. Danzer, PhD 黎平(译) 闵苏(校) Departments of Anesthesia University of Cincinnati College of Medidne Cindnnati Ohio Pathology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medidne Cindnnati Ohio Department of Anesthesia Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cindnnati Ohio Department of Pediatrics Division of Neurology Cindnnati Children's Research Foundation and University of Cindnnati College of Medidne Cindnnati Ohio 不详

背景异氟烷等吸入麻醉药广泛地应用于婴幼儿。异氟烷、咪达唑仑以及氧化亚氮暴露后，新生小鼠神经变性和神经认知功能损害的一些研究，已经引起越来越多人对儿科麻醉安全问题的关注。新生小鼠异氟烷暴露较长时间会触发可致神经认知功能... 详细信息

背景异氟烷等吸入麻醉药广泛地应用于婴幼儿。异氟烷、咪达唑仑以及氧化亚氮暴露后，新生小鼠神经变性和神经认知功能损害的一些研究，已经引起越来越多人对儿科麻醉安全问题的关注。新生小鼠异氟烷暴露较长时间会触发可致神经认知功能损害的低血糖症。本研究即检测初生期异氟烷暴露和血糖对小鼠的脑细胞存活力、自主活动能力以及空间学习记忆能力的影响。方法出生7天的小鼠随机分配到1．5％异氟烷暴露6小时麻醉组、麻醉并注射葡萄糖组、麻醉并注射生理盐水组和空气暴露不麻醉组。检测动脉血气和血糖。暴露处理后2小时及18小时、11周，脑片染色检测Fluoro-Jadeb、caspase3以及NeuN，评价脑细胞存活力。吸入麻醉剂暴露9周后，评价自主活动能力，Morris水迷宫法隐藏平台试验和颠倒平台试验评价空间学习记忆能力。结果与不麻醉组相比，其余组动物几个脑区的细胞凋亡在异氟烷暴露后早期增加。在两个受初生期变性影响显著的脑区，尽管发现新生小鼠暴露后细胞消失，但神经元密度在成年后没有明显差异。各组小鼠成年期的自主活动能力、空间学习记忆能力相似，与初生期异氟烷暴露无关。初生期异氟烷暴露导致18％的死亡率、短暂的PaCO2及乳酸升高、碱缺失以及血糖水平降低。但低血糖似乎不会引起神经退行性变，因为补充葡萄糖未能阻止神经元丢失。结论小鼠较长时间的初生期异氟烷暴露引起早期神经细胞变性增加，但成年期神经元密度并无显著减少，自主活动能力和空间学习记忆能力无明显损害。

关键词：空间学习记忆能力异氟烷细胞发育成年期初生鼠脑 Morris水迷宫法认知功能损害

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更加全面地认识城镇化、城镇地区和碳循环的关系

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城市与区域规划研究 2017年第3期9卷 245-264页

作者：帕特里夏·罗梅罗-兰考凯文·格尼凯伦·濑户米哈伊尔·切斯特赖利·杜伦萨拉·休斯露西·赫蒂拉彼得·马科图利奥拉里·贝克南希·格里姆克里斯·肯尼迪伊丽莎白·拉森斯蒂芬妮·平塞特丹·伦福洛兰迪·桑切斯吉娅米·斯雷斯塔安德烈亚·萨兹姆斯基乔舒亚·斯佩林埃莉诺·斯托克斯高雪梅徐瑾顾朝林美国都市未来和大气研究中心亚利桑那州立大学生命科学学院/全球持续力学院耶鲁大学森林与环境研究学院亚利桑那州立大学土木、环境和可持续工程学院美国国家航空航天局喷气推进实验室多伦多环境保护局/多伦多大学波士顿大学地球和环境系纽约城市大学亨特学院地理系明尼苏达大学生物产品和生物系统工程系多伦多大学土木工程系美国科学促进会/美国国家航空航天局加利福尼亚大学环境与可持续发展学院美国大气研究中心/乔治·华盛顿公共政策研究所墨西哥城市与环境学院人口研究中心美国碳循环科学项目办公室德拉华大学公共政策和管理学院清华大学建筑学院

对城镇化、城镇地区和碳循环相关的独立研究，加深了我们对能源和土地使用影响碳循环这一过程的认识。文章将多样化观点综合在一起，作为全面理解城镇化过程、城镇地区及其与碳循环关系的第一步。文章建议，对于不同的城镇化过程、机理... 详细信息

对城镇化、城镇地区和碳循环相关的独立研究，加深了我们对能源和土地使用影响碳循环这一过程的认识。文章将多样化观点综合在一起，作为全面理解城镇化过程、城镇地区及其与碳循环关系的第一步。文章建议，对于不同的城镇化过程、机理和要素，不同的时间、不同的城市乃至跨城市的碳排放时空模式问题，需要在现有研究方法的基础上，应用补充和整合的新型跨学科研究法进行研究。文章呼吁对城镇化和不同位置城市碳影响的研究需要采用更加整体性的方法，其中既包括收入，也包括城市发展路径的其他相互联系的特性，如城市形态、经济功能和制度或治理安排。文章进一步指出城镇化机理和城镇化过程都存在广泛的不确定性，而且两者都与城市社会制度和建成环境系统存在相互关系，它们三者对碳循环均有影响，并且相关碳排量的控制又会对城镇化产生影响。最后，文章还研究了低碳城市转型发展的路径、障碍和局限，建议发展终端到终端、合作、综合的科学意识，从而提高城市转型效率，同时规避转型过程中的障碍。

关键词：城镇化城镇地区碳循环

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