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A Novel Soft Clustering Approach for Gene Expression Data

Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第12期43卷 871-886页

作者： E.Kavitha R.Tamilarasan Arunadevi Baladhandapani M.K.Jayanthi Kannan A Constituent College of Anna University University College of EngineeringVillupuram605103India A Constituent College of Anna University University College of EngineeringPattukkottai614701India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dr.N.G.P Institute of TechnologyCoimbatore641048India Department of Computer Science Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN(Deemed to be University)Bangalore562112India

Gene expression data represents a condition matrix where each rowrepresents the gene and the column shows the condition. Micro array used todetect gene expression in lab for thousands of gene at a time. Genes encode proteins which in turn will dictate the cell function. The production of messengerrNA along with processing the same are the two main stages involved in the process of gene expression. The biological networks complexity added with thevolume of data containing imprecision and outliers increases the challenges indealing with them. Clustering methods are hence essential to identify the patternspresent in massive gene data. Many techniques involve hierarchical, partitioning,grid based, density based, model based and soft clustering approaches for dealingwith the gene expression data. Understanding the gene regulation and other usefulinformation from this data can be possible only through effective clustering algorithms. Though many methods are discussed in the literature, we concentrate onproviding a soft clustering approach for analyzing the gene expression data. Thepopulation elements are grouped based on the fuzziness principle and a degree ofmembership is assigned to all the elements. An improved Fuzzy clustering byLocal Approximation of Memberships (FLAME) is proposed in this workwhich overcomes the limitations of the other approaches while dealing with thenon-linear relationships and provide better segregation of biological functions.

关键词： reinforcement membership centroid threshold statistics bioinformatics gene expression data

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Clustering Gene Expression Data Through Modified Agglomerative M-CUrE Hierarchical Algorithm

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第6期41卷 1027-1041页

作者： E.Kavitha R.Tamilarasan N.Poonguzhali M.K.Jayanthi Kannan A Constituent College of Anna University University College of EngineeringVillupuram605103India A Constituent College of Anna University University College of EngineeringPattukkottai614701India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manakula Vinayagar Institute of TechnologyPuducherry605107India Department of Computer Science Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN(Deemed-To-Be University)Bangalore562112India

Gene expression refers to the process in which the gene information isused in the functional gene product synthesis. They basically encode the proteinswhich in turn dictate the functionality of the cell. The first step in gene expressionstudy involves the clustering usage. This is due to the reason that biological networks are very complex and the genes volume increases the comprehending challenges along with the data interpretation which itself inhibit vagueness, noise andimprecision. For a biological system to function, the essential cellular moleculesmust interact with its surrounding including rNA, DNA, metabolites and proteins. Clustering methods will help to expose the structures and the patterns inthe original data for taking further decisions. The traditional clustering techniquesinvolve hierarchical, model based, partitioning, density based, grid based and softclustering methods. Though many of these methods provide a reliable output inclustering, they fail to incorporate huge data of gene expressions. Also, thereare statistical issues along with choosing the right method and the choice of dissimilarity matrix when dealing with gene expression data. We propose to use amodified clustering algorithm using representatives (M-CUrE) in this workwhich is more robust to outliers as compared to K-means clustering and also ableto find clusters with size variances.

关键词： Clustering gene identifiers representatives dimension reduction

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Influence of Sputtering Power on the Structure and Electrical Properties of Bi_2Fe_4O_9 Thin Films

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第7期30卷 650-658页

作者： M.Santhiya K.S.Pugazhvadivu K.tamilarasan C.rangasami Thin Film research Laboratory Department of PhysicsKongu Engineering CollegePerundurai 638 052India

Bismuth ferrite（Bi_2Fe_4O_9） thin films were grown on p-type Si（100） substrate by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering at 873 K. X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and raman spectroscopy studies revealed that the grown films have single-phase polycrystalline nature and are crystallized in orthorhombic structure. The grain size of the grown thin films was found to increase（56–130 nm） with sputtering power. Atomic force microscopy images clearly illustrated that the grown thin films have smooth surface. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis revealed the presence of Bi, Fe and O elements with desired ratio and also the absence of impurities in the grown films. Analysis of ferroelectric hysteresis loops revealed that the remanent polarization and coercive field increase with the increase in sputtering power. Vicker＇s hardness analysis showed that the hardness of films strongly depends on the grain size and film thickness, which are mainly determined by the sputtering power. The above observations revealed that Bi_2Fe_4O_9 thin film deposited at higher sputtering power has good crystallinity and shows better electrical properties.

关键词： Bi_2Fe_4O_9 Thin films Ferroelectric Sputtering X-ray diffraction Hardness

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Combustion analysis of a hydrogen-diesel fuel operated DI diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 568-574页

作者： M. LOGANATHAN A. VELMUrUGAN TOM PAGE E. JAMES GUNASEKArAN P. tamilarasan Department of Mechanical Engineering Annamalai University Anna- malainagar 608002 India Product Design and Manufacturing Loughborough University Lough- borough LE11 3TU United Kingdom

The rapid depletion of fossil fuel and growing demand necessitates researchers to find alternative fuels which are clean and sustainable. The need for finding renewable, low cost and environmentally friendly fuel resources can never be understated. An efficient method of generation and storage of hydrogen will enable automotive manufacturers to introduce hydrogen fuelled engine in the market. In this paper, a conventional DI diesel engine was modified to operate as gas engine. The intake manifold of the engine was supplied with hydrogen along with recirculated exhaust gas and air. The injection rates of hydrogen were maintained at three levels with 2 L/min, 4 L/min, 6 L/min and 8 L/min and 10 L/min with an injection pressure of 2 bar. Many of the combustion parameters like heat release rate （Hrr）, ignition delay, combustion duration, rate of pressure rise （rOPr）, cumulative heat release rate （CHr）, and cyclic pressure fluctuations were measured. The Hrr peak pressure decreased with the increase in EGr rate, while combustion duration increased with the EGr rate. The cyclic pressure variation also increased with the increase in EGr rate.

关键词： hydrogen exhaust gas recirculation （EGr）,diesel combustion heat release rate （Hrr） combustionduration

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Effect of Dissolved Cadmium Chloride and Ammonium Chloride Salts on the Enthalpy of Mixing of the Methanol＋Benzene System at 303.15 K

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2010年第6期18卷 995-999页

作者： tamilarasan rengasamy ANAND PrABU Arun KAP JIN Kim DHArMENDIrA KUMAr Mahendradas Department of Chemistry Anna University (Tiruchirappalli-Pattukkottai Campus) 614 701 India Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology University Vellore 632014 India Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information & Electronics College of Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 446-701 South Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Alagappa Chettiar College of Technology Anna University Chennai 600 025 India

The effect of two dissolved inorganic salts,cadmium chloride CdCl2 and ammonium chloride NH4Cl,on the excess enthalpy of mixing(HE) of the binary system methanol + benzene measured at 303.15 K using an iso-thermal displacement calorimeter with vapor space is investigated in the present work. Compared to the salt-free system,a decreasing trend in the endothermicity of HE values is significant with the addition of CdCl2 salt but the decrease in the HE values is insignificantly smaller with the addition of NH4Cl salt. The experimental values of the enthalpy of mixing are fitted into a redlich-Kister equation and the deviations in the values and the parameters are reported. The importance of the solute-solvent interactions and the solvent-solvent interactions are demonstrated from the increasing excess enthalpy of mixing values in the positive direction with the increase of salt concentration.

关键词：氯化铵氯化镉混合焓盐效应超额焓苯甲醇甲醇体系溶解

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In Vitro Antioxidant Properties of Phloretin—An Important Phytocompound

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第1期4卷 85-94页

作者： tamilarasan Nithiya rajangam Udayakumar Department of Biochemistry Government Arts College (Autonomous) Kumbakonam India Department of Biochemistry Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women Mayiladuthurai India

reactive oxygen species [rOS] cause oxidative damage to the tissues and protection from such damages is provided by endogenous and exogenous antioxidants. Much research work has been carried out in recent years on the beneficial effect of phenolic compounds which act as natural antioxidants and help to neutralize free radicals. So, this study was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity of one of the phenolic compounds phloretin. Phloretin was used at four different concentrations like 20, 40, 60 and 80 μg/ml to determine the antioxidant activity by different methods such as total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and metal chelating assays. In addition to that the ascorbic acid was used as reference compound. The results showed that the phloretin displayed potent in vitro antioxidant capacity. It was able to scavenge different in vitro free radicals in all tested concentrations. Among the different concentrations, 80 μg of phloretin has maximum activity when compared to other concentrations in all in vitro antioxidant assays. High antioxidant property and maximum protective effect of phloretin were observed in a concentration dependent manner. The results were expressed as IC50 value. The lowest IC50 value indicates the highest scavenging activity. The reducing power of the phloretin was also found in concentration dependent. According to the results of this study, we concluded that the phloretin possesses antioxidant property. Therefore, phloretin is a powerful antioxidant phytocompound which can protect biological systems against the oxidative stress. From this study, we suggest that the phloretin may be used as a dietary natural antioxidant supplement for preventing free radical related diseases.

关键词： Antioxidant Activity In Vitro Phloretin DPPH Free radicals

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