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Twisted microdomains in liquid crystals for polarization-insensitive phase modulation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 2-3页

作者： Yifei ma Zimo Zhao Stephen m.morris Chao He Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxfordOX13PJUK

Polarization-independent phase modulators based upon liquid crystals(LCs)with a simple device architecture have long been desired for a range of optical ***,researchers have demonstrated a novel fabrication procedure using cholesteric LCs as a primer for achieving low polarization dependence coupled with a large phase modulation depth.

关键词： polarization phase liquid

modelling the development of biological structures displaying longitudinal geometries in vitro:culturing pluripotent stem cells on plasma-treated,growth factor-coupled polycaprolactone fibres

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Engineered regeneration 2024年第1期5卷 124-138页

作者： Badwi B.Boumelhem Stuart T.Fraser Syamak Farajikhah rachel A.Shparberg michael B.morris marcela m.m.Bilek Anyu Zhang Behnam Akhavan Simon Fleming maryanne Large School of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of SydneyAustralia Sydney Nano Institute University of SydneyAustralia School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of SydneyAustralia School of medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of SydneyAustralia School of Engineering University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter medical research Institute(HmrI) Precision Medicine ProgramNew Lambton Heights NSW 2305Australia

many biological structures such as nerves,blood and lymphatic vessels,and muscle fibres exhibit longitudinal ge-ometries with distinct cell types extending along both the length and width of internal linear *** these three-dimensional structures in vitro is challenging:the best-defined stem-cell differentiation systems are mono-layer cultures or organoids using pluripotent stem *** stem cells can differentiate into functionally mature cells depending on the signals received,holding great promise for regenerative ***,the integration of in vitro differentiated cell types into diseased tissue remains a *** scaffolds can bridge this gap if the appropriate signalling systems are incorporated into the ***,we have taken a biomimicry approach to generate longitudinal structures in *** this approach,mouse embryonic stem cells are directed to differentiate to specific cell types on the surface of polycaprolactone(PCL)fibres treated by plasma-immersion ion implantation and to which with lineage-specifying molecules have been covalently *** demonstrate the simplicity and utility of our method for efficiently generating high yields of the following cell types from these pluripotent stem cells:neurons,vascular endothelial cells,osteoclasts,adipocytes,and cells of the erythroid,myeloid,and lymphoid *** arranged plasma-treated scaffolds with differentiated cell types could ultimately serve as a means for the repair or treatment of diseased or damaged tissue.

关键词： Pluripotent stem cells Lineage commitment Growth factors Biomaterial engineering Plasma-immersion ion implantation Covalent biomolecule attachment Polycaprolactone

高空间分辨力双能量X线吸收骨密度仪的自由兴趣区数据分析

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国际医学放射学杂志 2015年第2期 181-182页

作者： r.m.morris L.Yang m.A.martín-Fernández J.m.Pozo A.F.Frangi J.m.Wilkinson 赵芳 Academic Unit of Bone metabolism University of Sheffield Northern General Hospital Beech Hill Road Sheffield S102RXEngland

摘要目的概述双能量骨密度吸收(DXA)自由兴趣区分析技术的进展,定量分析其精确性,评估其在全髋关节置换术12个月后对纵向股骨假体骨密度(BmD)定量分析方面

关键词：兴趣区 DXA 空间分辨力空间分辨率 BmD 双能量

recent innovations in laser additive manufacturing of titanium alloys

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International Journal of Extreme manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 2-37页

作者： Jinlong Su Fulin Jiang Jie Teng Lequn Chen ming Yan Guillermo requena Lai-Chang Zhang Y morris Wang Ilya V Okulov Hongmei Zhu Chaolin Tan College of materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082People’s Republic of China Singapore Institute of manufacturing Technology(SIm Tech) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)5 Cleantech LoopSingapore 636732Singapore Department of materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Institute of materials research German Aerospace Center(DLR)Linder Höhe51147 CologneGermany Centre for Advanced materials and manufacturing Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWestern Australia 6027Australia Department of materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 900095United States of America Leibniz Institute for materials Engineering-IWT Badgasteiner Str.328359 BremenGermany Faculty of Production Engineering University of BremenBadgasteiner Str.128359 BremenGermany Key Laboratory of Hunan Province of Equipment Safety Service Technology under Extreme Environment University of South ChinaHengyangPeople’s Republic of China rWTH Aachen University Metallic Structures and Materials Systems for Aerospace EngineeringD-52062 AachenGermany

Titanium(Ti)alloys are widely used in high-tech fields like aerospace and biomedical *** additive manufacturing(LAm),as an innovative technology,is the key driver for the development of Ti *** the significant advancements in LAm of Ti alloys,there remain challenges that need further research and development *** recap the potential of LAm high-performance Ti alloy,this article systematically reviews LAm Ti alloys with up-to-date information on process,materials,and *** feasible solutions to advance LAm Ti alloys are reviewed,including intelligent process parameters optimization,LAm process innovation with auxiliary fields and novel Ti alloys customization for *** auxiliary energy fields(***,acoustic,mechanical deformation and magnetic fields)can affect the melt pool dynamics and solidification behaviour during LAm of Ti alloys,altering microstructures and mechanical *** kinds of novel Ti alloys customized for LAm,like peritecticα-Ti,eutectoid(α+β)-Ti,hybrid(α+β)-Ti,isomorphousβ-Ti and eutecticβ-Ti alloys are reviewed in ***,machine learning in accelerating the LAm process optimization and new materials development is also *** review summarizes the material properties and performance envelops and benchmarks the research achievements in LAm of Ti *** addition,the perspectives and further trends in LAm of Ti alloys are also highlighted.

关键词： additive manufacturing titanium alloys auxiliary field machine learning aerospace materials lightweight materials novel alloys

Neuroprotective effect of liraglutide and memantine in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 207-214页

作者： Duaa m.Bakhshwin Foziya W.Alhalabi mohamad Omar Barasheed Ahmed m.Bakhshwin maha H.Jamal mohammed A.Bazuhair Fatemah O.Kamel rania m.magadmi Zoheir A Damanhouri Samar m.Alsaggaf Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Hera General Hospital MakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Clinical Anatomy Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

Objective:To assess the effect of memantine combined with liraglutide on aluminum chloride(AlCl_(3))and D-galactose(D-GAL)-induced neurotoxicity in ***:male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 5 animals each:the positive control,the negative control,the memantine-treated group,the liraglutide-treated group,and the combination group treated with memantine and ***_(3)and D-GAL were used to induce *** tests,brain beta-amyloid protein,and oxidative stress biomarkers were ***:The morris water maze test indicated an enhanced memory in the combination ***,the combination treatment of liraglutide and memantine resulted in a remarkable reduction in the beta-amyloid protein level in the brain *** inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly reduced,and the levels of antioxidant parameters were ***:The combination of liraglutide and memantine exerts neuroprotective effects and enhances memory and cognitive functions in rats with Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Cognitive function Glucagonlike peptide-1 Liraglutide memantine

Overcoming maladaptive plasticity through plastic compensation

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Current Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 526-536页

作者： matthew r.J. morris Sean m. rOGErS Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada T2N 1N4

most species evolve within fluctuating environments, and have developed adaptations to meet the challenges posed by environmental heterogeneity. One such adaptation is phenotypic plasticity, or the ability of a single genotype to produce multiple environmentally-induced phenotypes. Yet, not all plasticity is adaptive. Despite the renewed interest in adaptive phenotypic plasticity and its consequences for evolution, much less is known about maladaptive plasticity. However, maladaptive plasticity is likely an important driver of phenotypic similarity among populations living in different environments. This paper traces four strategies for overcoming maladaptive plasticity that result in phenotypic similarity, two of which involve genetic changes (standing genetic variation, genetic compensation) and two of which do not (standing epigenetic variation, plastic compensation). Plastic compensation is defined as adaptive plasticity overcoming maladaptive plasticity. In particular, plastic compensation may increase the likelihood of genetic compensation by facilitating population persistence. We provide key terms to disentangle these aspects of phenotypic plasticity and introduce examples to reinforce the potential importance of plastic compensation for understanding evolutionary change.

关键词：可塑性塑料环境异质性赔偿物种进化遗传变异生活环境遗传变化

Galactic center research:manifestations of the central black hole

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第8期12卷 995-1020页

作者： mark r.morris Leo meyer Andrea m.Ghez Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095-1547USA

This review summarizes a few of the frontiers of Galactic center research that are currently the focus of considerable activity and attention. It is aimed at pro- viding a necessarily incomplete sketch of some of the timely work being done on phenomena taking place in, or originating in, the central few parsecs of the Galaxy, with particular attention to topics related to the Galactic black hole （GBH）. We have chosen to expand on the following exciting topics： 1） the characterization and the im- plications for the variability of emission from the GBH, 2） the strong evidence for a powerful X-ray flare in the Galactic center within the past few hundred years, and the likelihood that the GBH is implicated in that event, 3） the prospects for detecting the ＂shadow＂ of the GBH, 4） an overview of the current state of research on the central S-star cluster, and what has been learned from the stellar orbits within that cluster, and 5） the current hypotheses for the origin of the G2 dust cloud that is projected to make a close passage by the GBH in 2013.

关键词： Galaxy: center -- black hole physics -- X-rays -- infrared radiation --ISm: clouds

Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2750-2759页

作者： Fahaid H.A.L-Hashem Salah O.Bashir Amal F.Dawood moutasem S.Aboonq Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah Abdulaiziz m.Al-Garni mohamed D.morsy Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Basic medical Sciences College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawwarahSaudi Arabia Department of medicine College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic *** stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory *** investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillyla cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2)) administration in rats,we explo red the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and *** healt hy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2)+ brusatol(a selective pharmacological N rf2inhibitor) *** effectively attenuated CdCl_(2)-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the morris Water maze ***,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules) and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl_(2)-treated groups treated with va nillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mrNA and protein expression in hippocampal *** the protective effects of vanillylacetone we re substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective N rf2 inhibitor).Va nillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl_(2),at least in part, by activating the nuclear transcription factor ***,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions.

关键词： hippocampus neuroprotective Nrf2 gene oxidative stress vanillylacetone

Lessons learned from the Youngstown, Ohio induced earthquake sequence from January 2011 to January 2012

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Journal of rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第5期9卷 783-796页

作者： A.P.morris D.A.Ferrill G.r.Walter A.m.Price K.J.Smart r.J.Skoumal m.r.Brudzinski B.S.Currie Southwest research Institute Culebra Road 6220 San Antonio TX 78238-5166 USA United States Geological Survey Earthquake Science Center 345 Middlefield Rd Building 3A RM 113 Menlo Park CA 94025 USA Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA

The Youngstown earthquake sequence of 2011 is one of the clearest examples of inadvertently induced seismicity for which detailed documentation is *** this paper,we investigate(i) likely stress states in the vicinity of the injection well,(ii) a range of likely permeability scenarios,and(iii) relatively simple methods by which induced seismicity can be evaluated and *** use relocated hypocenters from the seismic sequence to construct a basement fault structure,which is then used to serve as a reference surface within the basement,and on which we calculate the effects of pore pressure changes induced by the injection activities of the Northstar #1 injection *** also deduce an in situ(preinjection) strike-slip stress regime,where ρ2≈ρ3,and it is consistent with both recent earthquake data and published stress estimates for the *** the reactivation characteristics of the basement are known or assumed,a critical or threshold slip tendency can be determined and the basement faults can be analyzed for the likelihood of reactivation in a perturbed pore pressure *** of well injection pressures and simulated pore pressure perturbations within the basement below the injection well indicates that permeability anisotropy is necessary to generate sufficient pore pressure perturbation to induce fault *** of the well’s injection history show that our estimate of in situ stress state,coupled with a highly anisotropic permeability structure,can generate sufficient pore pressure perturbation on the inferred basement structure to cause reactivation,potentially slipping an area of approximately 4×10~5 m~2.

关键词： Induced seismicity Wastewater injection Slip tendency