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Molecular Plant 2009年第6期2卷 1351-1358页

作者： Amir Sattarzadeh Johanna Krahmer Arnaud D. Germain Maureen r. Hanson Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Biotechnology Building Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA

The actin cytoskeleton plays a role in mobility of many different organelles in plant cells, including chloroplasts, mitochondria, Golgi, and peroxisomes. While progress has been made in identifying the myosin motors involved in trafficking of various plant organelles, not all of the cargoes mobilized by different members of the myosin XI family have yet been identified. The involvement of myosins in chloroplast positioning and mitochondrial movement was demonstrated by expression of a virus-induced gene silencing （VIGS） construct in tobacco. When VIGS with two different conserved sequences from a myosin Xl motor was performed in plants with either GFP-labeled plastids or mitochondria, chloroplast positioning in the dark was abnormal, and mitochondrial movement ceased. Because these and prior obser- vations have implicated a role for myosins and the actin cytoskeleton in plastid and stromule movement, we searched for myosin tail domains that could associate with plastids and stromules. While a yellow fluorescent protein （YFP） fusion with the entire tail region of myosin XI-F was usually found only in the cytoplasm, we observed that an Arabidopsis or Nicotiana benthamiana YFP：：myosin XI-F tail domain homologous to the yeast myo2p vacuole-binding domain associated with plastids and stromules after transient expression in N. benthamiana. Taken together, these observations implicate myosin motor proteins in dynamics of plastids and stromules.

关键词： Chloroplast biology cytoskeleton dynamics mitochondria gene silencing fluorescent protein.

Do vegetative and reproductive phenophases of deciduous tropical species respond similarly to rainfall pulses?

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Journal of Forestry research 2013年第4期24卷 643-651页

作者： A.P.Silveira F.S.Araújo F.r.Martins Itapipoca Faculty of Education Av.Monsenhor Tabosa s/ no.Ceará State University -- UECE Graduate Course of Ecology and Natural resources Department of BiologyBuilding 906Federal University of Ceará-UFC Department of Plant Biology Institute of BiologyP.O.Box 610University of Campinas – UNICAMP

Deciduous trees with high-density wood that occur in dry seasonal tropical regions respond to rainfall seasonality with synchrony in phenophases. However, they may exhibit interannual differences in synchrony and intensity of phenophases, as strategy for large variations in duration and intensity of rainfall pulses. Nevertheless, it remains unknown how phenophases of deciduous trees of the Brazilian semi-arid region respond to rainfall variations. The phenology of Cordia oncocalyx was monitored in deciduous thorny woodland （Caatinga）, from April 2009 to March 2011, and was correlated with rainfall, soil humidity, temperature, and photoperiod. The rainy years 2009 and 2011 exhibited higher duration of rainfall pulses and lower frequency of interpulses, but in 2010 pulse duration and total rainfall were lower. Circular statistics showed leaf flush followed by flowering and fruiting in the rainy season, and leaf fall and seed dispersal in the dry season.

关键词： asynchrony circular analysis deciduous phenology riskspreading seasonality.

Intermittent suckling with or without comingling of non-littermate piglets before weaning improves piglet performance in the immediate post-weaning period when compared with conventional weaning

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 721-732页

作者： Diana L.Turpin Pieter Langendijk Kate Plush John r.Pluske School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Trouw Nutrition Veerstraat 38Boxmeer 5831 iNThe Netherlands South Australian research and Development Institute Roseworthy CampusJS Davis BuildingRoseworthySA 5371Australia Present address:SunPork Farms 563 Coleman RoadPinkerton PlainsSA 5400Australia

Background： In this experiment, intermittent suckling（IS） with or without the co-mingling（Co M） of piglets was studied as a method to stimulate solid feed intake and reduce post-weaning ***： Three weaning regimes using 30 multiparous sows were compared：（1） conventional weaning（CW）（n = 10 litters）, where piglets had continuous access to the sow until weaning（d 0, farrowing = d-25 relative to weaning）;（2） intermittent suckling（IS）（n = 10 litters）, where piglets were separated from the sow for 8 h/d starting at d-7（relative to weaning）; and（3） intermittent suckling with co-mingling（ISCo）（n = 10 litters） where IS started at d-7 and two litters were housed together during separation and then returned to their original sow. Ad libitum creep feed was available from d-17. At weaning pigs were housed in pens of 11 pigs, 27 pens in total. The ISCo treatment was divided in half to examine effects of different mixing strategies after weaning. Half of the ISCo litters were kept in familiar groups（ISCo F, familiar, n = 4） and the other half were mixed within treatment resulting in groups of unfamiliar pigs（ISCo NF, not familiar, n = 5）, the same as IS（n = 9） and CW（n = 9） ***： The ISCo piglets ate more creep feed in the week before weaning（P 〈 0.01）, but also showed more aggressive and manipulative behaviour on first day of Co M compared with CW piglets（P 〈 0.05）. IS with or without Co M increased exploratory and play behaviour on the first day of treatment intervention（P 〈 0.001） and increased sleeping behaviour on the last day of treatment intervention compared with CW（P 〈 0.001）. Mixing strategy at weaning had an effect on performance data with the highest growth and feed intake seen in ISCo F pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning（P 〈0.001）. IS and ISCo NF pigs also grew faster and ate more than CW pigs 2 to 8 d after weaning（P 〈 0.001）. Post-weaning injury scores suggested reduced aggression in ISCo as evidenced by reduced redness（skin irritation）（P 〈 0.05）, a

关键词： Behaviour Co-mingling Intermittent suckling Piglet Weaning

ON THE SINGULArITIES OF COMPOSITION OF ENTIrE FUNCTIONS

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 2005年第4期21卷 370-376页

作者： A.P.Singh r.Sharma University of Jammu India

Let f be an entire function. A point Zo is called a critical point of f if f′（zo） = O, and f（zo） is called a critical value （or an algebraic singularity） of f. Next a ∈ C is said to be an asymptotic value （or a transcendental singularity） of f if there exists a curve Г ： [0, 1） → C such that limt→1 F（t） = ∞ and limt→1（f o Г）（t） = a. In this paper we find relations between the asymptotic values of f, 9 and f o 9, relations between critical points of f, 9 and f o 9 and also in the case when the two functions f and 9 are semi-conjugated with another entire function.

关键词： asymptotic values critical values entire functions singularities wandering domain

Foraging ecology and occurrence of 7 sympatric babbler species （Timaliidae） in the lowland rainforest of Borneo and peninsular Malaysia

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Current Zoology 2016年第4期62卷 345-355页

作者： Alison r. STYrING roslina rAGAI Mohamed ZAKArIA Frederick H. SHELDON The Evergreen State College Olympia Washington 98505 USA Grand Perfect Sdn. Bhd. ParkCity Commerce Square 97000 Bintulu Sarawak Malaysia Department of Forest Management Faculty of Forestry Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia Museum of Natural Science and Department of Biological Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana USA 70803

Understanding foraging strategies of birds is essential to understanding mechanisms of their community assembly. To provide such information on a key Southeast Asian rainforest family, the babblers (Timaliidae), we evaluated foraging behavior and abundance in 7 morphologically and behaviorally similar sympatric species (, , , , , and ) in 5 habitats defined by structural complexity: (1) continuous native rainforest, (2) logged native rainforest fragments, (3) mature industrial tree plantation, (4) young industrial plantation, and (5) oil palm plantation. Enough data were obtained to compare abundance in all 7 species and foraging behavior in 5. All species were common in forest fragments and mature industrial tree plantations and less so in continuous rainforest and young industrial plantations; only occurred in oil palm. In terms of foraging, was the greatest generalist; foraged mainly on live leaves in the forest midstory; and , , and foraged mainly on dead leaves suspended in understory vegetation at significantly different heights. The dead-leaf substrate depends on a rich supply of falling leaves and extensive understory structure, conditions most common in native forest and old industrial plantations, and less so in mature forest, young plantations, and oil palm. Because of the importance of foraging data to understanding and managing biodiversity, we encourage the development of foraging fields in eBird (***), so that birdwatchers may help collect these relatively rare data.

关键词： Brunei Sabah Sarawak dead leaves logged forest plantation

Identification and initial characterization of the 3＇ end of gene transcripts encoding putative members of the pheromone receptor subfamily in Lepidoptera

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 64-74页

作者： Stephen F. Garczynski Kevin W. Wanner Thomas r. Unruh USDA-ArS Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato Washington Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA

Semiochemicals, including pheromones and kairomones, used in pest man- agement programs reduce the need for chemical insecticides, and understanding their interactions with their membrane receptors may help make them more effective in the field. Identification of odorant receptors in the Lepidoptera has mainly been achieved us- ing bioinformatics to search DNA sequences generated by genome or expressed sequence tag （EST） sequencing projects. This study reports a rapid method to identify members of the pheromone receptor subfamily in Lepidoptera. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers were designed against a conserved amino acid sequence in the carboxyl terminus of known lepidopteran pheromone receptors, and the primers were used in a 3＇ rapid amplifica- tion of complementary DNA （cDNA） ends procedure. Polymerase chain reaction products generated from seven different lepidopteran species were TA cloned and sequenced. The cDNA sequences of 25 transcripts were determined to encode potential members of the pheromone receptor subfamily. These cDNAs ranged from 238 to 642 bp and encoded 49-54 amino acids of the carboxyl terminus. Analysis of the 3＇ untranslated region reveals that most of the transcripts contain multiple polyadenylation signal sequences, and in the case ofManduca sexta, an alternate polyadenylation signal appears to be used in transcript processing. The 3＇ untranslated region was also useful in determining unique receptors en- coded by transcripts having highly similar nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Overall, this technique provides a complementary method of pheromone receptor identification in EST sequencing projects, or can be used as a stand-alone method in conjunction with 5＇ rapid amplification of cDNA ends procedures.

关键词： degenerate primer PCr odorant receptor pheromone receptor polyadeny- lation signals 3' untranslated region

The reproductive biology of a Central American cichlid Neetroplus nematopus in Lake Xiloá ,Nicaragua

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 43-51页

作者： Kenneth r.McKAYE Jeremy HALE Eric P.van den BErGHE World Wide Fund for Nature Finland Universidad de Centroamericana Department of Mathematics Science and Technology Ave Maria University Latin American Campus

This study was conducted to provide a five-year database on the breeding seasonality and breeding biology of a CentralAmerican cichlid fish Neetroplus nematopus, a biparental substratum-spawning cichlid that cares for its eggs, wrigglers, andfry for up to six weeks. A total of 503 breeding pairs were monitored for breeding success. Breeding pairs of N. nematopus aresexually dimorphic in size, with females averaging 39% of male body mass. Fry emerged from 85% of nesting cavities. Afterthree weeks, only 30% of the broods were present in the nesting cavity; these broods had a 30% survival rate, giving a 9% overallsurvival rate. Nineteen percent of the successful parents with three-week-old broods adopted foreign fry. A consistent unimodalbreeding peak in December was observed for five years. This breeding peak differed dramatically from the bimodal breedingseason 20 years found in the 1970s. The effects of extensive grenade fishing practices during the 1980s might have played a substantialrole in the observed change. Grenade fishing stopped in 1991, and the number of A. nematopus pairs increased by 136%from 1990 to 1995. With increased density of breeding fish, the breeding season for this species also expanded. The balance betweendivergent selection due to competition for breeding sites and stabilizing selection due to predation pressure on offspring islikely to mold the breeding season for N. nematopus and other cichlids of Lake Xiloá. We suggest that brood adoption and synchronyof breeding is a strategy to reduce predation on the parent's own

关键词：生殖生物学尼加拉瓜丽鱼科中美洲

EVOLUTION OF CrEEP-FATIGUE DAMAGE IN TYPE 304STAINLESS STEEL AND ITS DETECTION BY ELECTrICALPOTENTIAL METHOD

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1998年第6期11卷 463-469页

作者： N.Tada T.Kitamura r.Ohtani E.Nakayama Kyoto Univ Kyoto Japan

Creep-fatigue test was carried out using smooth round bar specimens of Type 304 stainless steel. Cavities and small cracks on the cross-section of the specimen were carefully observed by a scanning laser microscope. Moreover, direct current electrical potential method (DC-EPM) was applied in order to evaluate non-destructively the distribution of internal cracks. The distribution evaluated by DC-EPM agrees well with the actual one. (Edited author abstract) 9 refs.

关键词： creep-fatigue cavity small crack Type 304 stainless steel electrical potential method

Adversarial Learning for Distant Supervised relation Extraction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2018年第4期55卷 121-136页

作者： Daojian Zeng Yuan Dai Feng Li r.Simon Sherratt Jin Wang Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation School of Computer&Communication EngineeringChangsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410114P.R.China Department of Biomedical Engineering University of ReadingUK. School of Computer&Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410114P.R.China.

recently,many researchers have concentrated on using neural networks to learn features for Distant Supervised relation Extraction(DSrE).These approaches generally use a softmax classifier with cross-entropy loss,which inevitably brings the noise of artificial class NA into classification *** address the shortcoming,the classifier with ranking loss is employed to *** randomly selecting a relation or heuristically selecting the highest score among all incorrect relations are two common methods for generating a negative class in the ranking loss ***,the majority of the generated negative class can be easily discriminated from positive class and will contribute little towards the *** by Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs),we use a neural network as the negative class generator to assist the training of our desired model,which acts as the discriminator in *** the alternating optimization of generator and discriminator,the generator is learning to produce more and more discriminable negative classes and the discriminator has to become better as *** framework is independent of the concrete form of generator and *** this paper,we use a two layers fully-connected neural network as the generator and the Piecewise Convolutional Neural Networks(PCNNs)as the *** results show that our proposed GAN-based method is effective and performs better than state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： relation extraction generative adversarial networks distant supervision piecewise convolutional neural networks pair-wise ranking loss

Opposite Interplay Between the Canonical WNT/β-Catenin Pathway and PPAr Gamma： A Potential Therapeutic Target in Gliomas

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第3期34卷 573-588页

作者： AlexANDre Vallée Yves Lecarpentier rémy Guillevin Jean-Noёl Vallée Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications Unites Mixtes de Recherche (UMR) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 7348 University of Poitiers PoitiersFrance Delegation a la recherche Clinique et a l'Innovation (DrCI) Hopital Foch Suresnes France Centre de recherche Clinique Grand Hopital de l'EstFrancilien Meaux France DACTIM UMR CNRS 7348 University of Poitiers et CHU de Poitiers Poitiers France CHU Amiens Picardie University of Picardie Jules VerneAmiens France

In gliomas, the canonical Wingless/Int（WNT）/b-catenin pathway is increased while peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma（PPAr-c） is *** two systems act in an opposite manner. This review focuses on the interplay between WNT/b-catenin signaling and PPAr-c and their metabolic implications as potential therapeutic target in gliomas. Activation of the WNT/bcatenin pathway stimulates the transcription of genes involved in proliferation, invasion, nucleotide synthesis,tumor growth, and angiogenesis. Activation of PPAr-c agonists inhibits various signaling pathways such as the JAK/STAT, WNT/b-catenin, and PI3 K/Akt pathways,which reduces tumor growth, cell proliferation, cell invasiveness, and angiogenesis. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, curcumin, antipsychotic drugs, adiponectin,and sulforaphane downregulate the WNT/b-catenin pathway through the upregulation of PPAr-c and thus appear to provide an interesting therapeutic approach for ***（TMZ） is an antiangiogenic agent. The downstream action of this opposite interplay may explain the TMZ-resistance often reported in gliomas.

关键词： WNT/beta-catenin pathway PPAr gamma Glioma STAT3 pathway PI3K/Akt pathway NSAID Curcumin