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Soluble epoxide hydr.lase:a next-gener.tion dr.g tar.et for.Alzheimer.s disease and r.lated dementias

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第9期20卷 2585-2586页

作者： andrew Gr.gor. Chengyun Tang Fan Fan Depar.ment of Physiology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Alzheimer.s disease(AD)and Alzheimer.s diseaser.lated dementias(ADr.)r.pr.sent a significant public health challenge,with pr.jections indicating a substantial incr.ase in affected individuals due to the aging global *** the Wor.d Health Or.anization,AD/ADr. has affected mor. than 55 million individuals wor.dwide,with an additional 10 million cases diagnosed each year.

关键词： Alzheimer population dr.g

r.bot Pher.mone Communication Using Vor.ex r.ng Tr.nsmission

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Jour.al of Bionic Engineer.ng 2009年第2期6卷 153-160页

作者： r.andrew russell Intelligent r.botics r.sear.h Centr. Monash University

Unpr.dictable air.movements have pr.ved to be a pr.blem in pr.vious studies investigating r.bot communication by means of air.or.e pher.mone chemicals. The pr.ject descr.bed in this paper.investigates the use of air.vor.ex r.ngs as a means of car.ying pher.mone chemicals between tr.nsmitting and r.ceiving r.bots. Sensitivity to chemicals including pher.mones r.leased by conspecifics is essential for.many aspects of an insect's life. They assist in finding food, locating a mate, avoiding danger.and help coor.inate the activities of social insects. In the futur., autonomous r.bots will be challenged by many situations similar.to those that face insects and other.simple cr.atur.s. Chemical communication may pr.ve useful for.these r.bots as well. This paper.descr.bes the equipment developed for.gener.ting and detecting vor.ex r.ngs. r.sults of exper.ments involving location and tr.cking of a sequence of pher.mone vor.ex r.ngs ar. also pr.sented.

关键词： chemical communication vor.ex tr.nsmission cr.ckets biomimetic r.bots

Human endogenous r.tr.vir.s type-W and multiple scler.sis–r.lated smolder.ng neur.inflammation

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gr.chot Laur. r.iche andrew Chan r.ber. Hoepner.Patr.ck Kür. Depar.ment of Neur.logy Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Depar.ment of Neur.logy InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Intr.duction to human endogenous r.tr.vir.s type-W(HEr.-W): Genomic inher.tance fr.m the past includes r.tr.vir.l sequences that have been stably incor.or.ted into our.genomes and account for.up to 8% of human DNA.

关键词： endogenous inflammation Human

Fr.m cor.ex to cor.: motor.cir.uit plasticity after.spinal cor. injur.

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2019年第12期14卷 2054-2062页

作者： andrew r. Br.wn Mar.na Mar.inez Dépar.ement de Neur.sciences Facultéde MédecineUniversitéde MontréalQuébecCanada H?pital du Sacr.-Coeur.de Montr.al(CIUSS-NIM) MontréalQuébecCanada Gr.upe de r.cher.he sur.le Système Ner.eux Centr.l Universitéde MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada

Spinal cor. injur. is associated with chr.nic sensor.motor.deficits due to the inter.uption of ascending and descending tr.cts between the br.in and spinal cor.. Functional r.cover. after.anatomically complete spinal cor. injur. is limited due to the lack of long-distance axonal r.gener.tion of sever.d fiber. in the adult centr.l ner.ous system. Most spinal cor. injur.es in humans, however. ar. anatomically incomplete. Although r.stor.tive tr.atment options for.spinal cor. injur. r.main cur.ently limited, r.sear.h fr.m exper.mental models of spinal cor. injur. have r.vealed a tr.mendous capability for.both spontaneous and tr.atment-induced plasticity of the cor.icospinal system that suppor.s functional r.cover.. We r.view r.cent advances in the under.tanding of cor.icospinal cir.uit plasticity after.spinal cor. injur. and concentr.te mainly on the hindlimb motor.cor.ex, its cor.icospinal pr.jections, and the r.le of spinal mechanisms that suppor. locomotor.r.cover.. Fir.t, we discuss plasticity that occur. at the level of motor.cor.ex and the r.or.anization of cor.ical movement r.pr.sentations. Next, we explor. downstr.am plasticity in cor.icospinal pr.jections. We then r.view the r.le of spinal mechanisms in locomotor.r.cover.. We conclude with a per.pective on har.essing neur.plasticity with ther.peutic inter.entions to pr.mote functional r.cover..

关键词： spinal cor. injur. motor.cor.ex motor.map cor.icospinal tr.ct neur.plasticity functionalr.cover. animal models for.limb hindlimb locomotion

Sounds Synthesis with Slime Mould of Physar.m Polycephalum

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Jour.al of Bionic Engineer.ng 2011年第2期8卷 107-113页

作者： Eduar.o r. Mir.nda andrew Adamatzky Jeff Jones Inter.isciplinar. Centr..for.Computer.Music r.sear.h (ICCMr. University of Plymouth Plymouth PL48AA UK Unconventional Computing Centr. University of the West of England Bristol BSI 61QY UK

This paper.intr.duces a novel application of bionic engineer.ng： a bionic musical instr.ment using Physar.m polycephalum. Physar.m polycephalum is a huge single cell with thousands of nuclei, which behaves like a giant amoeba. Dur.ng its for.ging behavior.this plasmodium pr.duces electr.cal activity cor.esponding to differ.nt physiological states. We developed a method to r.nder.sounds fr.m such electr.cal activity and thus r.pr.sent spatio-tempor.l behavior.of slime mould in a for. appr.hended auditor.ly. The electr.cal activity is captur.d by var.ous electr.des placed on a Petr. dish containing the cultur.d slime mold. Sounds ar. synthesized by a bank of par.llel sinusoidal oscillator. connected to the electr.des. Each electr.de is r.sponsible for.one par.ial of the spectr.m of the r.sulting sound. The behavior.of the slime mould can be contr.lled to pr.duce differ.nt timbr.s.

关键词： Physar.m polycephalum bionic musical instr.ment unconventional computing sound synthesis sonification

Validation of Zebr.fish (Danio r.r.o) r.fer.nce Genes for.Quantitative r.al-time r.-PCr.Nor.alization

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第5期39卷 384-390页

作者： andrew DODD Daniel LA War.en C. MCNABB Donald r. LOVE School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand Food and Health Gr.up AgResearch Grasslands Private Bag 11008 Tennant Drive Palmerston North New Zealand

The nor.alization of quantitative r.al time r.-PCr.(qr.-PCr. is impor.ant to obtain accur.te gene expr.ssion data. The most common method for.qr.-PCr.nor.alization is to use r.fer.nce, or.house- keeping genes. However. ther. is emer.ing evidence that even r.fer.nce genes can be r.gulated under.differ.nt conditions, qr.-PCr.has only r.cently been used in ter.s of zebr.fish gene expr.ssion studies and ther. is no validated set of r.fer.nce genes. This study char.cter.zes the expr.ssion of nine possible r.fer.nce genes dur.ng zebr.fish embr.onic development and in a zebr.fish tissue panel. All nine r.fer.nce genes exhibited var.able expr.ssion. The β-actin, EF1α and r.113α genes compr.se a validated r.fer.nce gene panel for.zebr.fish developmental time cour.e studies, and the EF1α, r.113α and 18S r.NA genes ar. mor. suitable as a r.fer.nce gene panel for.zebr.fish tissue analysis. Impor.antly, the zebr.fish GAPDH gene appear. unsuitable as r.fer.nce gene for.both types of studies.

关键词： zebr.fish quantitative r.al-time r.-PCr housekeeping genes GAPDH gene GeNor.

Inflammasome links tr.umatic br.in injur., chr.nic tr.umatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer.s disease

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabr.ela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de r.ver. Vaccar. Jennifer.C.Munoz Par.ja andrew r.isner.Laur. Blackwell Yehia Mechr.f Kevin K.Wang J.Adr.an Tyndall Binu Thar.kan Fir.s Kobeissy Depar.ment of Sur.er. Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Depar.ment of Neur.biology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Depar.ment of Neur.logical Sur.er. and the Miami Pr.ject to Cur. Par.lysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatr.c Cr.tical Car. Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Depar.ment of Pediatr.cs Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Depar.ment of Neur.sur.er. Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Depar.ment of Chemistr. and Biochemistr. Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Mor.house School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Tr.umatic br.in injur., chr.nic tr.umatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer.s disease ar. thr.e distinct neur.logical disor.er. that shar. common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neur.inflammation. One sequela of neur.inflammation includes the pathologic hyper.hosphor.lation of tau pr.tein, an endogenous micr.tubule-associated pr.tein that pr.tects the integr.ty of neur.nal cytoskeletons. Tau hyper.hosphor.lation r.sults in pr.tein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles for.ing neur.toxic aggr.gates. These misfolded pr.teins ar. char.cter.stic of tr.umatic br.in injur., chr.nic tr.umatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer.s disease and can lead to downstr.am neur.inflammator. pr.cesses, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes r.fer.to a family of multimer.c pr.tein units that, upon activation, r.lease a cascade of signaling molecules r.sulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the r.lease of inter.eukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like r.ceptor.pr.tein 3, has been pr.posed to be a key r.gulator.of tau phosphor.lation wher. it has been shown that pr.longed NOD-like r.ceptor.pr.tein 3 activation acts as a causal factor.in pathological tau accumulation and spr.ading. This r.view begins by descr.bing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of tr.umatic br.in injur., chr.nic tr.umatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer.s disease. Next, we highlight neur.inflammation as an over.iding theme and discuss the r.le of the NOD-like r.ceptor.pr.tein 3 inflammasome in the for.ation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spr.ad thr.ughout the br.in. We then pr.pose a novel fr.mewor. linking tr.umatic br.in injur., chr.nic tr.umatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer.s disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a tempor.l continuum. Finally, we discuss potential ther.peutic tar.ets that may inter.ept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-ter. neur.logical decline.

关键词： Alzheimer.s disease caspase-1 chr.nic tr.umatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neur.degener.tion neur.inflammation NLr.1 NLr.3 pyr.ptosis tauopathy tr.umatic br.in injur.

Is ther. evidence of selection in the dopamine r.ceptor.D4 gene in Austr.lian invasive star.ing populations？

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Cur.ent Zoology 2015年第3期61卷 505-519页

作者： Lee Ann r.LLINS Michael r. WHITEHEAD andrew r.WOOLNOUGH r.n SINCLAIr.William B. SHEr.IN Evolution & Ecology r.sear.h Centr. Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia Centr. for.Integr.tive Ecology Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Locked Bag 20000 Geelong Victoria 3220 Australia Biosecur.ty Division Department of Economic Development Jobs Transport and Resources 1 Spring Street Melbourne Vic- toria 3000 Australia Ver.ebr.te Pest r.sear.h Section Department of Agriculture and Food 100 Bougainvillea Avenue Western Australia 6058 Australia Biosecur.ty SA GPO Box 1671 Adelaide South Australia 5001 Australia Mur.och Univer.ity Cetacean r.sear.h Unit Murdoch University South Road Murdoch Western Australia 6150 Australia Cur.ent addr.ss: Evolution Ecology and Genetics Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra Australia

Although population genetic theor. is lar.ely based on the pr.mise that loci under.study ar. selectively neutr.l, it has been acknowledged that the study of DNA sequence data under.the influence of selection can be useful. In some cir.umstances, these loci show incr.ased population differ.ntiation and gene diver.ity. Highly polymor.hic loci may be especially useful when studying populations having low levels of diver.ity over.ll, such as is often the case with thr.atened or.newly established inva- sive populations. Using common star.ings Stur.us vulgar.s sampled fr.m invasive Austr.lian populations, we investigated se- quence data of the dopamine r.ceptor.D4 gene （Dr.4）, a locus suspected to be under.selection for.novelty-seeking behaviour.in a r.nge of taxa including humans and passer.ne bir.s. We hypothesised that such behaviour.may be advantageous when species encounter.novel envir.nments, such as dur.ng invasion. In addition to analyses to detect the pr.sence of selection, we also esti- mated population differ.ntiation and gene diver.ity using Dr.4 data and compar.d these estimates to those fr.m micr.satellite and mitochondr.al DNA sequence data, using the same individuals. We found little evidence for.selection on Dr.4 in star.ings. However. we did find elevated levels of within-population gene diver.ity when compar.d to micr.satellites and mitochondr.al DNA sequence, as well as a gr.ater.degr.e of population differ.ntiation. We suggest that sequence data fr.m putatively non- neutr.l loci ar. a useful addition to studies of invasive populations, wher. low genetic var.ability is expected

关键词： Dr.4 Star.ing Selection Novelty-seeking behaviour

Multidimensional images and aber.ations in STEM

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 68-74页

作者： Er.c r.Hoglund andrew r.Lupini Center.for.Nanophase Mater.als Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831United States

r.cent advances in scanning tr.nsmission electr.n micr.scopy(STEM)have led to incr.ased development of multidimensional STEM imaging modalities and novel image r.constr.ction *** inter.st ar.ses because the main electr.n lens in a moder. tr.nsmission electr.n micr.scope usually has a diffr.ction-space infor.ation limit that is significantly better.than the r.al-space r.solution of the same *** state-of-affair. is sometimes shar.d by other.scatter.ng methods in moder. physics and contr.butes to a br.ader.excitement sur.ounding multidimensional techniques that scan a pr.be while r.cor.ing diffr.ction-space images,such as ptychogr.phy and scanning nano-beam ***,the contr.sting r.solution in the two spaces r.ises the question as to what is limiting their.effective ***,we examine this par.dox by consider.ng the effects of aber.ations in both image and diffr.ction planes,and likewise separ.te the contr.butions of pr.-and post-sample *** consider.tion pr.vides insight into aber.ation-measur.ment techniques and might also indicate impr.vements for.super.r.solution techniques.

关键词： scanning tr.nsmission electr.n micr.scopy(STEM) aber.ations