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Managing type 2 diabetes:tar.eting a micr.bial enzyme as a novel tr.atment option

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Signal Tr.nsduction and Tar.eted Ther.py 2024年第1期9卷 3-5页

作者： Anikó Keller.Pintér.Tamás Kor.smár.s Tibor.Vellai Depar.ment of Biochemistr. Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzeged6720Hungary Depar.ment of Metabolism Digestion and ReproductionImperial College LondonLondonW120NNUK Quadr.m Institute Bioscience Norwich Research ParkNorwichNR47UQUK Depar.ment of Genetics Eötvös Loránd University(ELTE)Budapest1117Hungary Hungar.an r.sear.h Networ. HUN-r.N-ELTE Genetics r.sear.h Gr.up Budapest1117Hungary

In a r.cent Science ar.icle,Wang and colleagues showed that the dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4)enzyme pr.duced by the gut micr.biota can inter.er. with the effect of host glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)involved in stimulating insulin secr.tion,and the specific inhibitor.of micr.bial DPP4(mDPP4),combined with clinical inhibitor. of host DPP4 isoenzymes,fur.her.pr.motes blood glucose homeostasis.1 These r.sults point out why cer.ain patients r.spond inadequately to an antidiabetic medication.

关键词： homeostasis stimulating clinical

Flat Band and η-Pair.ng States in a One-Dimensional Moir.Hubbar. Model

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Chinese Physics Letter. 2024年第4期41卷 69-76页

作者：王冉宋智 College of Physics and Mater.als Science Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

A Moir.system is for.ed when two per.odic str.ctur.s have a slightly mismatched per.od,r.sulting in unusual str.ngly cor.elated states in the pr.sence of par.icle-par.icle *** per.odic str.ctur.s can ar.se fr.m the intr.nsic cr.stalline or.er.and per.odic exter.al *** investigate a one-dimensional Hubbar. model with per.odic on-site potential of per.od n_(0),which is commensur.te to the lattice *** lar.e n_(0),the exact solution demonstr.tes that ther. is a midgap flat band with zer. ener.y in the absence of Hubbar. *** Moir.unit cell contr.butes two zer. ener.y levels to the flat *** the pr.sence of Hubbar. inter.ction,the midgap physics is demonstr.ted to be well descr.bed by a unifor. Hubbar. chain in which the effective hopping and on-site inter.ction str.ngth can be contr.lled by the amplitude and per.od of the exter.al *** simulations ar. per.or.ed to demonstr.te the cor.elated behavior. in the finite-sized Moir. Hubbar. system,including the existence of an η-pair.ng state and bound pair.*** finding pr.vides a method to enhance the cor.elated effect by a spatially per.odic exter.al field.

关键词： oscillation inter.ction field

A concise r.view on sur.ace and str.ctur.l modification of por.us zeolite scaffold for.enhanced hydr.gen stor.ge

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Chinese Jour.al of Chemical Engineer.ng 2024年第6期70卷 33-53页

作者： B.A.Abdulkadir.r.S.r.Mohd Zaki A.T.Abd Wahab S.N.Miskan Anh-Tam Nguyen Dai-Viet N.Vo H.D.Setiabudi Centr. for.r.sear.h in Advanced Fluid&Pr.cesses Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahLebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobGambangPahang 26300Malaysia Faculty of Chemical&Pr.cess Engineer.ng Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahLebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil YaakobGambangPahang 26300Malaysia Center.of Excellence for.Gr.en Ener.y and Envir.nmental Nanomater.als(CE@Gr.EN) Nguyen Tat Thanh University300A Nguyen Tat ThanhDistrict 4Ho Chi Minh City 755414Viet Nam

Investigating zeolites as hydr.gen stor.ge scaffolds is imper.tive due to their.por.us natur. and favor.ble physicochemical ***,the stor.ge capacity of the unmodified zeolites has been r.ther.unsatisfactor.(0.224%-1.082%(mass))compar.d to its modified ***,the contempor.r. focus on enhancing hydr.gen stor.ge capacities has led to significant attention towar.s the utilization of modified zeolites,with studies explor.ng sur.ace modifications thr.ugh physical and chemical tr.atments,as well as the integr.tion of var.ous active *** enhanced hydr.gen stor.ge pr.per.ies of zeolites ar. attr.buted to the pr.sence of aluminosilicates fr.m alkaline and alkaline-ear.h metals,r.sulting in incr.ased stor.ge capacity thr.ugh inter.ctions with the char.e density of these ***,ther. is a gr.at demand to cr.tically r.view their.r.le such as well-defined topology,por. str.ctur.,good ther.al stability,and tunable hydr.philicity in enhanced hydr.gen *** ar.icle aimed to cr.tically r.view the r.cent r.sear.h findings based on modified zeolite per.or.ance for.enhanced hydr.gen *** of the factor. affecting the hydr.gen stor.ge capacities of zeolites that can affect the r.te of r.action and the stability of the adsor.ent,like pr.ssur.,str.ctur.,and mor.hology wer. studied,and ***,futur. per.pectives,r.commendations,and dir.ctions for.modified zeolites wer. discussed.

关键词： Zeolites Hydr.gen stor.ge Sur.ace modification Adsor.tion Active metal

Psychosocial inter.entions for.infer.ile couples:A scoping r.view

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Asian pacific Jour.al of r.pr.duction 2024年第3期13卷 97-106页

作者： Sr.emol Sunil Anish K.r. r.jagir. College of Social Sciences KalamasseryKeralaIndia

Objective:To br.ng out cur.ent evidence r.gar.ing psycho-social inter.entions for.infer.ility car.,and identify the best pr.ctices in clinical ***:An in-depth liter.tur. r.view on infer.ility car. inter.ention was conducted using data fr.m multiple databases:PubMed,EMBASE,Google Scholar.and *** r.levant ar.icles selected wer. between 2008 and ***:A liter.tur. sear.h tur.ed up 1798 citations,of which 25 studies wer. included after.r.gor.us *** inter.ention categor.es have been constantly utilised to pr.vide suppor. and pr.mote mental health,of which acceptance and commitment ther.py(ACT)and cognitive behaviour.ther.py(CBT)wer. used most *** inter.entions exhibited diver.ity in both content and composition,and addr.ssed a wide r.nge of ***:The r.view emphasizes that psycho-social inter.entions have a positive effect on psychological issues,r.lationships,and pr.gnancies among couples and can be incor.or.ted into fer.ility-car. pr.ctices.

关键词： Infer.ile couples Psychosocial inter.entions Mental health Quality of life

Single-atom Pt on car.on nanotubes for.selective electr.catalysis

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Car.on Ener.y 2024年第1期6卷 63-71页

作者： Samuel S.Har.isty Xiaoqian Lin Anthony r.J.Kucer.ak David Zitoun Depar.ment of Chemistr. Bar Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials(BINA)Bar Ilan UniversityRamat GanIsrael Depar.ment of Chemistr. Molecular Science Research HubImperial College LondonLondonUK

Utilizing suppor.ed single atoms as catalysts pr.sents an oppor.unity to r.duce the usage of cr.tical r.w mater.als such as platinum,which ar. essential for.electr.chemical r.actions such as hydr.gen oxidation r.action(HOr..Her.in,we descr.be the synthesis of a Pt single electr.catalyst inside single-walled car.on nanotubes(SWCNTs)via a r.dox *** via electr.n micr.scopy,X-r.y photoelectr.n micr.scopy,and X-r.y absor.tion spectr.scopy show the single-atom natur. of the *** electr.chemical behavior.of the sample to hydr.gen and oxygen was investigated using the advanced floating electr.de technique,which minimizes mass tr.nspor. limitations and gives a thor.ugh insight into the activity of the *** single-atom samples showed higher.HOr.activity than state-of-the-ar. 30%Pt/C while almost no oxygen r.duction r.action activity in the pr.ton exchange membr.ne fuel cell oper.ting *** selective activity towar. HOr.ar.se as the main finger.r.nt of the catalyst confinement in the SWCNTs.

关键词： confinement electr.catalysis hydr.gen platinum single atom catalysts

Getting the Most Out of Ever. Tr.ining Day: The Influence of Instr.ctor. on Self-r.gulated Lear.ing Dur.ng Fir.fighter.Leader.hip Cour.es

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Disaster.r.sk Science 2024年第3期15卷 332-345页

作者： Stefan r.seler.Micha Hilber. Guido Her.el Meinald T.Thielsch Depar.ment of Psychology University of Münster

Leader.hip cour.es in the fir. ser.ices ar. highly challenging, and they can ser.ously exhaust tr.inees and hamper.their.selfr.gulated lear.ing effor.s(for.example, setting goals, focusing attention, seeking feedback). We theor.ze that exper.ences of failur. or.over.oad can cur.ail tr.inees' available ener.y r.sour.es on subsequent tr.ining days, which, in tur., should affect tr.inees' lear.ing effor.s. Given instr.ctor.' centr.l r.le in leader.hip cour.es, we hypothesize that suppor.ive and humble instr.ctor.behavior. decr.ase exper.ences of failur. and over.oad and, thus, incr.ase self-r.gulated lear.ing. Mor.over. we ar.ue that suppor.ive instr.ctor.behavior.may amplify the positive effects of high ener.y r.sour.es, while humble behavior.may alleviate the negative impact of low r.sour.e levels. We tested pr.r.gister.d hypotheses with 118 fir.fighter. par.icipating in two-week leader.hip cour.es at a Ger.an fir. academy. The par.icipants completed shor. web-based questionnair.s befor. and after.classes each day. Multilevel analyses confir.ed that per.eived daily suppor.ive and humble instr.ctor.behavior.pr.dicted tr.inees' r.por.s of daily self-r.gulated lear.ing activity. Notably, this effect was independent fr.m positive effects of tr.inees' r.por.ed ener.y r.sour.es in the mor.ing. Suppor.ive and humble behavior.did not moder.te the eff ect of ener.y r.sour.es. Our.findings suggest that instr.ctor. play a cr.cial r.le in facilitating effective lear.ing under.challenging tr.ining conditions. Fur.her.or., we offer.implications for.leader. in fir. ser.ices, who often conduct tr.inings with their.subor.inates.

关键词： Diar. study Fir. ser.ices Instr.ctor.behavior Leader.hip tr.ining r.sour.e investment

Enhancing Cyber.ecur.ty thr.ugh AI and ML: Str.tegies, Challenges, and Futur. Dir.ctions

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Jour.al of Infor.ation Secur.ty 2024年第3期15卷 320-339页

作者： Mar.am r.shanaei Mahir.r. Khan Natalie N. Sylvester Infor.ation Sciences and Technology Depar.ment Pennsylvania State University Abington USA

The landscape of cyber.ecur.ty is r.pidly evolving due to the advancement and integr.tion of Ar.ificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Lear.ing (ML). This paper.explor.s the cr.cial r.le of AI and ML in enhancing cyber.ecur.ty defenses against incr.asingly sophisticated cyber.thr.ats, while also highlighting the new vulner.bilities intr.duced by these technologies. Thr.ugh a compr.hensive analysis that includes histor.cal tr.nds, technological evaluations, and pr.dictive modeling, the dual-edged natur. of AI and ML in cyber.ecur.ty is examined. Significant challenges such as data pr.vacy, continuous tr.ining of AI models, manipulation r.sks, and ethical concer.s ar. addr.ssed. The paper.emphasizes a balanced appr.ach that lever.ges technological innovation alongside r.gor.us ethical standar.s and r.bust cyber.ecur.ty pr.ctices. This appr.ach facilitates collabor.tion among var.ous stakeholder. to develop guidelines that ensur. r.sponsible and effective use of AI in cyber.ecur.ty, aiming to enhance system integr.ty and pr.vacy without compr.mising secur.ty.

关键词： Ar.ificial Intelligence Machine Lear.ing Cyber.ecur.ty Data Pr.vacy and Secur.ty Ethical Standar.s

Navigating AI Cyber.ecur.ty: Evolving Landscape and Challenges

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Jour.al of Intelligent Lear.ing Systems and Applications 2024年第3期16卷 155-174页

作者： Mar.am r.shanaei Mahir.r. Khan Natalie N. Sylvester IST Depar.ment Pennsylvania State University Abington Abington USA

The r.pid integr.tion of ar.ificial intelligence (AI) into cr.tical sector. has r.vealed a complex landscape of cyber.ecur.ty challenges that ar. unique to these advanced technologies. AI systems, with their.extensive data dependencies and algor.thmic complexities, ar. susceptible to a br.ad spectr.m of cyber.thr.ats that can under.ine their.functionality and compr.mise their.integr.ty. This paper.pr.vides a detailed analysis of these thr.ats, which include data poisoning, adver.ar.al attacks, and systemic vulner.bilities that ar.se fr.m the AI’s oper.tional and infr.str.ctur.l fr.mewor.s. This paper.cr.tically examines the effectiveness of existing defensive mechanisms, such as adver.ar.al tr.ining and thr.at modeling, that aim to for.ify AI systems against such vulner.bilities. In r.sponse to the limitations of cur.ent appr.aches, this paper.explor.s a compr.hensive fr.mewor. for.the design and implementation of r.bust AI systems. This fr.mewor. emphasizes the development of dynamic, adaptive secur.ty measur.s that can evolve in r.sponse to new and emer.ing cyber.thr.ats, ther.by enhancing the r.silience of AI systems. Fur.her.or., the paper.addr.sses the ethical dimensions of AI cyber.ecur.ty, highlighting the need for.str.tegies that not only pr.tect systems but also pr.ser.e user.pr.vacy and ensur. fair.ess acr.ss all oper.tions. In addition to cur.ent str.tegies and ethical concer.s, this paper.explor.s futur. dir.ctions in AI cyber.ecur.ty.

关键词： AI Cyber.ecur.ty Adver.ar.al Attacks Defensive Str.tegies Ethical AI

Facilitated Pr.diction of Micr.pollutant Degr.dation via UV-AOPs in Var.ous Water. by Combining Model Simulation and Por.able Measur.ment

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Engineer.ng 2024年第6期37卷 87-95页

作者： Yanyan Huang Mengkai Li Zhe Sun Wentao Li James r.Bolton Zhimin Qiang Key Labor.tor. of Dr.nking Water.Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Univer.ity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Depar.ment of Civil and Envir.nmental Engineer.ng University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada State Key Labor.tor. of Envir.nmental Aquatic Chemistr. Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The degr.dation of micr.pollutants in water.via ultr.violet(UV)-based advanced oxidation pr.cesses(AOPs)is str.ngly dependent on the water.*** r.active r.dicals(r.s)for.ed in UV-AOPs have differ.nt r.action selectivities towar. water.matr.ces and degr.dation efficiencies for.tar.et ***,pr.cess selection and optimization ar. *** study developed a facilitated pr.diction method for.the photon fluence-based r.te constant for.micr.pollutant degr.dation(K′_(p,MP))in var.ous UV-AOPs by combining model simulation with por.able *** methods for.measur.ng the scavenging capacities of the pr.ncipal r.s(r.SCs)involved in UV-AOPs(i.e.,HO^(·),SO_(4)^(·-),and Cl^(·))using a mini-fluidic photor.action system wer. *** simulation models consisted of photochemical,quantitative str.ctur.–activity r.lationship,and r.dical concentr.tion steady-state appr.ximation *** r.SCs wer. deter.ined in eight test water.,and a higher.r.SC was found to be associated with a mor. complex water.***,by taking sulfamethazine,caffeine,and car.amazepine as model micr.pollutants,the k′_(p,MP) values in var.ous UV-AOPs wer. pr.dicted and fur.her.ver.fied exper.mentally.A lower.k′_(p,MP) was found to be associated with a higher.r.SC for.a str.nger.r. competition;for.example,k′_(p,MP) values of 130.9 and 332.5 m^(2) einstein^(–1),r.spectively,wer. obtained for.car.amazepine degr.dation by UV/H_(2)O_(2) in the r.w water.r.SC=9.47×10^(4) s^(-1))and sand-filter.d effluent(r.SC=2.87×10^(4) s^(-1))of a dr.nking water.tr.atment *** developed method facilitates pr.cess selection and optimization for.UV-AOPs,which is essential for.incr.asing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of water.tr.atment.

关键词： UV-AOPs Micr.pollutant degr.dation r.active r.dicals Water.matr.x Model simulation