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基于氯酸盐控制的串极电解食盐制备次氯酸钠

化学工程 2024年第5期52卷 64-70页

作者：韩绍文徐卿源蒋新跃郑全兴丛海兵扬州大学环境科学与工程学院江苏扬州225127 扬州市上善建设工程有限公司江苏扬州225009

为了控制电解食盐水制备次氯酸盐消毒剂过程中氯酸盐副产物的产生,并降低有效氯生产成本,提出采用梯级变电压或变电流串联电解模式,通过实验比较不同串极方式和串极数对氯酸盐产生及有效氯生产成本的影响,并与恒电压电解和恒电流电解进... 详细信息

为了控制电解食盐水制备次氯酸盐消毒剂过程中氯酸盐副产物的产生,并降低有效氯生产成本,提出采用梯级变电压或变电流串联电解模式,通过实验比较不同串极方式和串极数对氯酸盐产生及有效氯生产成本的影响,并与恒电压电解和恒电流电解进行比较。结果表明:五串极升压电解(5-5.5-5.8-6-6.2 V)的效果最佳,最佳电解点为电解至有效氯质量浓度为8.8 g/L时停止电解,有效氯生产成本最低为8.778元/kg,氯酸盐/有效氯质量比最低为0.034。综合氯酸盐生产量和有效氯生产成本,不同电解工艺的优劣顺序为:五串极升压>15 A恒流>五串极升流>5.5 V恒压>五串极降压>五串极降流。

关键词：食盐电解有效氯氯酸盐生产成本

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实用医学杂志 2024年第13期40卷 1869-1873页

作者：许庆元袁伟锋陈沐莫晓能广州医科大学附属市八医院广州510440

目的观察人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染相关性肺动脉高压(PAH)患者肺动脉管径特征,研究肺动脉管径相关指标联合肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),筛查诊断HIV相关肺动脉高压的临床价值,为临床提供参考。方法选取65例HIV感染患者为研究对象进行回顾... 详细信息

目的观察人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染相关性肺动脉高压(PAH)患者肺动脉管径特征,研究肺动脉管径相关指标联合肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),筛查诊断HIV相关肺动脉高压的临床价值,为临床提供参考。方法选取65例HIV感染患者为研究对象进行回顾性分析,根据超声心动图检查是否合并肺动脉高压分为观察组(23例,存在PAH)和对照组(42例,无PAH)。测量两组患者肺动脉内径(PA)、肺动脉直径(dPA)及主动脉直径,并计算dPA与主动脉直径比值(rPA),记录血清TNF-α水平,分析各指标在早期筛查诊断HIV相关肺动脉高压的临床价值。结果观察组患者PA、dPA、dPA与主动脉直径比值(rPA)以及TNF-α水平显著高于对照组。Pearson线性相关分析显示,TNF-α与dPA及rPA呈显著正相关。二列相关分析显示,HIV-PAH与PA、dPA、rPA及TNF-α显著相关(P<0.05)。血清TNF-α与dPA及rPA联合检测诊断HIV-PAH的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.891,敏感度为0.870,特异度为0.881。结论肺动脉管径组合指标联合TNF-α能更好地提示HIV-PAH的存在,可以对高风险患者进行早期筛查,对高危人群进行随访或干预,这对改善患者预后具有重要意义。

关键词：人类免疫缺陷病毒病肺动脉高压肺动脉管径肿瘤坏死因子-α

人工智能时代的劳动关系变迁与治理——基于机、劳、资、政四方关系的视角

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中国劳动关系学院学报 2024年第2期38卷 77-91页

作者：关乐宁徐清源国家信息中心信息化和产业发展部北京100045

人工智能等引领驱动的新科技革命广泛并深刻地影响着社会的生产力与生产关系,这就需要深刻理解人工智能的发展规律,建立与技术变革生产力相适应的劳动关系。基于生产力三要素理论(劳动者、劳动资料、劳动对象)阐释了人工智能时代的生产... 详细信息

人工智能等引领驱动的新科技革命广泛并深刻地影响着社会的生产力与生产关系,这就需要深刻理解人工智能的发展规律,建立与技术变革生产力相适应的劳动关系。基于生产力三要素理论(劳动者、劳动资料、劳动对象)阐释了人工智能时代的生产力变革,本研究分析了劳与机、劳与劳、劳与资、政与社等各方关系之间产生的新变化,以及这种革新所带来的二重性影响,最后提出了针对性的治理建议。研究认为:要构建人工智能时代的和谐劳动关系,应兼顾发展与安全,推动建立和谐互促的人机关系;工具理性与价值理性并重,建立和谐友好的劳资关系;以促进就业灵活性与稳定性相协调为目标,完善组织保障网;基于资与劳利益平衡的原则,优化政府规制方式,推动建立适应新科技革命趋势下更加和谐普惠的劳动关系。

关键词：人工智能劳动关系新科技革命人机伦理新就业

Toward tunable shape memory effect of NiTi alloy by grain size engineering:A phase field study

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 276-289页

作者： Bo xu Chong Wang qingyuan Wang Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering (Sichuan University)Ministry of EducationChengdu 610065China

The inelastic deformations of shape memory alloys(SMAs)always show poor controllability due to the avalanche-like martensite transformation,and the effective control for the deformation of precision de-vices has been not yet mature.In this work,the phase field method was used to investigate the shape memory effects(SMEs)of NiTi SMAs undergoing grain size(GS)engineering,to obtain tunable one-way and stress-assisted two-way SMEs(OWSME and SATWSME).The OWSME and SATWSME of the systems with various gradient-nanograin structures and bimodal grain structure,as well as that with geometric gradients were simulated.The simulated results indicate that due to the GS dependences of martensite transformation and reorientation,the occurrence and expansion of martensite reorientation,martensite transformation and its reverse can be efficaciously controlled via the GS engineering.When combining the GS engineering and geometric gradient design,since the effects of GS and stress gradient can be su-perimposed or competing,and the responses of martensite reorientation,martensite transformation and its reverse to this are different,the OWSME and SATWSME of the geometrically graded systems with various nanograin structures can exhibit different improvements in controllability.In short,the reorienta-tion hardening modulus during OWSME is increased and the transformation temperature window during SATWSME is widened by GS engineering,indicating the improved controllability of SMEs.The optimal GS engineering schemes revealed in this work provide the basic reference and guidance for designing tun-able SMEs and producing NiTi-based driving devices catering to desired functional performance in various engineering fields.

关键词： Phase field NiTi Shape memory effect Grain size engineering Geometric gradient

Effect of Texture on the Grain-Size-Dependent Functional Properties of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys and Texture Gradient Design:A Phase Field Study

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 10-32页

作者： Bo xu Beihai Huang Chong Wang qingyuan Wang Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering College of Architecture and EnvironmentSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory of Deep Underground Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Texture is inevitably introduced during the manufacturing of most NiTi shape memory alloys(SMAs),and the textured nanocrystalline NiTi has been extensively employed in engineering.However,the effect of texture,and the joint effect of grain size(GS)and texture on the functional properties of NiTi SMAs and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms have not been clearly understood yet.In this work,based on the phase field method,the effect of texture on the GS-dependent functional properties of NiTi SMAs,including super-elasticity(SE),one-way shape memory effect(OWSME),and stress-assisted two-way shape memory effect(SATWSME),is investigated,and the corresponding microscopic mechanisms are revealed.Moreover,the samples with discrete geometrical gradients and/or texture gradients are designed to achieve graded functional properties.The simulation results indicate that the dependence of functional properties on texture is due to the effect of crystallographic orientation on martensite transformation and reorientation,which can lead to different inelastic strains.In the designed samples with texture gradients,the stress–strain responses of sheets with various textures are different,allowing for the coordination of overall deformation of the sample by combining such sheets,with varying inelastic deformation degrees.Thus,the overall response of the sample differs from that without texture gradient,leading to the achievement of graded functional properties.The simulation results and new findings in this work contribute to a deeper understanding of the effects of texture,GS,and their interaction on the functional properties of SMAs,and provide valuable reference for the design and development of SMA-based devices with desired functional properties.

关键词： Phase field NiTi shape memory alloy Texture Grain size Functional property Texture gradient

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Displacement Cascade in Ni-Based Concentrated Solid Solution Alloys

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 82-89页

作者： Chaoquan Zhao Rongxuan Xie Chuanlong xu Xiaobao Tian qingyuan Wang Wentao Jiang Haidong Fan Department of Mechanics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Single-phase concentrated solid solution alloys(SP-CSAs),including high-entropy alloys,have received extensive attention due to their excellent irradiation resistance.In this work,displacement cascade simulations are conducted using the molecular dynamics method to study the evolution of defects in Ni-based SP-CSAs.Compared with pure Ni,the NiCr,NiCo,and NiCu alloys exhibit a larger number of Frankel pairs(FPs)in the thermal peak stage,but a smaller number of surviving FPs.However,the NiFe alloy displays the opposite phenomenon.To explain these different observations for NiFe and other alloys,the formation energy and migration energy of interstitials/vacancies are calculated.In the NiFe alloy,both the formation energy and migration energy barrier are higher.On the other hand,in NiCr and other alloys,the formation energy of interstitials/vacancies is lower,as is the migration energy barrier of interstitials.The energy analysis agrees well with previous observations.The present work provides new insights into the mechanism behind the irradiation resistance of binary Ni-based SP-CSAs.

关键词： Molecular dynamics simulation Displacement cascade Point defect Ni-based concentrated solid solution alloys

Multi-region calcium imaging in freely behaving mice with ultra-compact head-mounted fluorescence microscopes

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 161-173页

作者： Feng xue Fei Li Ke-ming Zhang Lufeng Ding Yang Wang Xingtao Zhao Fang xu Danke Zhang Mingzhai Sun Pak-Ming Lau qingyuan Zhu Pengcheng Zhou Guo-Qiang Bi Institute of Artiflcial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instruments University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Interdisciplinary Center for Brain Information the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Modern Life Sciences and Biotecnology Xiongan Institute of Innovation Xiongan New Area Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China

To investigate the circuit-level neural mechanisms of behavior, simultaneous imaging of neuronal activity in multiple cortical and subcortical regions is highly desired. Miniature head-mounted microscopes offer the capability of calcium imaging in freely behaving animals. However, implanting multiple microscopes on a mouse brain remains challenging due to space constraints and the cumbersome weight of the equipment.Here, we present TINIscope, a Tightly Integrated Neuronal Imaging microscope optimized for electronic and opto-mechanical design. With its compact and lightweight design of 0.43 g, TINIscope enables unprecedented simultaneous imaging of behavior-relevant activity in up to four brain regions in mice.Proof-of-concept experiments with TINIscope recorded over 1000 neurons in four hippocampal subregions and revealed concurrent activity patterns spanning across these regions. Moreover, we explored potential multi-modal experimental designs by integrating additional modules for optogenetics, electrical stimulation or local field potential recordings. Overall, TINIscope represents a timely and indispensable tool for studying the brain-wide interregional coordination that underlies unrestrained behaviors.

关键词： miniature microscope multiple sites calcium imaging multimodal integration hippocampus

Emergence of a Novel Bluetongue Virus Serotype in Xinjiang, China

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Emergence of a Novel Bluetongue Virus Serotype in Xinjiang, ...

第十届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Encheng Sun Liping Huang qingyuan xu Zhigao Bu Donglia Wu Harbin Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Background:Bluetongue virus(BTV)belongs to the genus Orbivirus and infects ruminants,camelids and occasionally large carnivores.The recent identification of BTV-25,BTV-26,and BTV-27 in Switzerland,Kuwait and France,respectively,suggests that additional BTV serotypes may circulate around the world.Objective:Through conventional epidemiological investigations confirmed epidemiological situation of BTV in Xinjiang,China.Methods:Conventional methods were used to isolate sera for BTV antibody detection and RNA from red cells for BTV antigen detection.Erythrocyte preparations from BTV antigen-positive samples were inoculated into chicken embryo veins and then passaged three times in BHK-21 cells to isolate virus.Full-length c DNA copies of seg-2 from XJ1407were synthesized and sequenced as previously described(Maan,et al.,2007).Results:One hundred and twenty-six blood samples were collected from healthy sheep and goats in Xinjiang,China,during July of 2014.Seventy-three samples(57.93%)were BTV VP7 antibody-positive and 39 samples(30.95%)were BTV antigen-positive.BTV strain XJ1407 was isolated from the blood of BTV antigen-positive goats.Virus neutralization test(VNT)results showed that XJ1407 strain was not neutralized by BTV14 reactive antisera.Neutralization tests for XJ1407 using BTV serotype 257 positive sera were not assessed due to the lack of characterized antisera and control viruses in China.Sequence analysis of seg-2 of XJ1407 showed 75%nucleotide identity and 78%amino acid identity with BTV27 isolate obtained in 2014.Conclusions:The results of VNT and sequence analysis suggest XJ1407 may be a novel BTV serotype.

关键词： Bluetongue virus Epidemiology New serotype

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动力荷载下钢管混凝土墩柱抗震性能极限分析

铁道学报 2023年第3期45卷 97-108页

作者：孙浩徐庆元吕飞丁发兴中南大学土木工程学院湖南长沙410075 湖南省装配式建筑工程技术研究中心湖南长沙410075

为研究钢管混凝土桥墩极限抗震性能,采用Abaqus软件建立圆钢管混凝土桥墩三维实体-壳单元有限元模型。为更准确的描述圆钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能退化、震后残余位移变化规律,模型中对混凝土引入裂缝、对钢管引入韧性损伤,进行单向拟静... 详细信息

为研究钢管混凝土桥墩极限抗震性能,采用Abaqus软件建立圆钢管混凝土桥墩三维实体-壳单元有限元模型。为更准确的描述圆钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能退化、震后残余位移变化规律,模型中对混凝土引入裂缝、对钢管引入韧性损伤,进行单向拟静力、单向拟动力、双向拟动力、振动台加载下圆钢管混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验验证。分析结果表明:考虑水平裂缝和钢材韧性损伤影响的钢管混凝土墩柱实体-壳精细有限元塑性抗震计算方法合理,反映循环荷载下钢管混凝土桥墩的滞回曲线“捏拢”效应、塑性大变形阶段承载力退化现象和单、双向动力荷载下钢管混凝土桥墩震后残余位移,也反映钢管混凝土墩柱的界面滑移和约束作用规律;相同地震波作用下全填充钢管混凝土桥墩的地震响应最小,填充混凝土有利于提高桥墩的极限抗震能力。提出适用于双向地震波作用的钢管混凝土桥墩墩顶残余位移与最大位移响应之间的计算公式。

关键词：动力荷载钢管混凝土墩柱有限元裂缝韧性损伤准则极限抗震性能