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Frequencies and mechanisms of pesticide resistance in Tetranychus urticae field populations in China

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 827-839页

作者： Yan Zhang Dandan Xu Youjun Zhang qingjun wu Wen Xie Zhaojiang Guo Shaoli Wang Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100081China

The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticate is an important agricultural pest worldwide.It is extremely polyphagous and has developed resistance to many pesticides.Here,we assessed the pesticide resistance of seven field populations of T.urticae in China,their target site mutations and the activities of their detoxification enzymes.The results showed that abamectin and the traditional pesticides pyridaben,profenofos and bifenthrin had higher resistance or lower toxicity than more recently developed pesticides including chlorfenapyr,spinetoram,cyflumetofen,cyenopyrafen,bifenazate and B-azolemiteacrylic.The frequency of point mutations related to abamectin resistance,G314D in the glutamate-gated chloride channel 1(GluCl1)and G326E in GluC13,ranged 47%-70%and 0%-97%,respectively.The frequency of point mutations in A1215D and F1538I of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene(VGSC),which may increase resistance to pyrethroids,ranged 88%-100%and 10%-100%,respectively.For target sites related to organophosphate resistance,mutation frequencies ranged 25%-92%for G119S and 0%-23%for A201S in the acetycholinesterase gene(Ace).Mutation G126S in the bifenazate resistance-related cytochrome b gene(Cytb)was observed in three of the seven T.urticae populations.Higher activities of detoxification enzymes(P450,GST,CarEs and UGTs)were observed in two T.urticae populations,with significant difference in the XY-SX population.These results provide useful information on the status of pesticide resistance of T.urticae in China and suggest that T.urticae field populations may have multiple resistance mechanisms.

关键词： detoxification enzyme field populations pesticide resistance target site mutations Tetranychus urticae

Obstructor,a Frankliniella occidentalis protein,promotes transmission of tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 741-757页

作者： Xiaobin Zheng Yanran Wan Min Tao Jiangjiang Yuan Kun Zhang Jing Wang Youjun Zhang Pei Liang qingjun wu Department of Plant Protection Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejingChina Department of Entomology China Agricultural UniversityBejingChina

Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus(TSWV)causes substantial economic losses to vegetables and other crops.TSWV is mainly transmitted by thrips in a persistent and proliferative manner,and its most efficient vector is the western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande).In moving from the thrips midgut to the salivary glands in preparation for transmission,the virions must overcome multiple barriers.Although several proteins that interact with TSWV in thrips have been characterized,we hypothesized that additional thrips proteins interact with TSWV and facilitate its transmission.In the current study,67 F occidentalis proteins that interact with GN(a structural glycoprotein)were identified using a split-ubiquitin membrane-based yeast 2-hybrid(MbY2H)system.Three proteins,apolipoprotein-D(ApoD),orai-2-like(Orai),and obstructor-E-like isoform X2(Obst),were selected for further study based on their high abundance and interaction strength;their interactions with Gn were confirmed by MbY2H,yeastβ-galactosidase and luciferase complementation assays.The relative expressions of ApoD and Orai were significantly down-regulated but that of Obst was significantly up-regulated in viruliferous thrips.When interfering with Obst in larval stage,the TSWV acquisition rate in 3 independent experiments was significantly decreased by 26%,40%,and 35%,respectively.In addition,when Obst was silenced in adults,the virus titer was significantly decreased,and the TSWV transmission rate decreased from 66.7%to 31.9%using the leaf disk method and from 86.67%to 43.33%using the living plant method.However,the TSWV acquisition and transmission rates were not affected by interference with the ApoD or Orai gene.The results indicate that Obst may play an important role in TSWV acquisition and transmission in Frankliniella occidentalis.

关键词： Frankliniella occidentalis obstructor tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus transmission virus-vector interaction

EFFECT OF SOLARIZATION TO KILL BRADYSIA CELLARUM ON CHINESE CHIVE GROWTH AND SOIL MICROBIAL DIVERSITY

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第1期9卷 52-62页

作者： Caihua SHI Linlin SHI qingjun wu Shaoli WANG Baoyun XU Youjun ZHANG Department of Plant Protection Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agriculture Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China

Bradysia cellarum Frey (Diptera: Sciaridae) is an important subterranean pestand is especially damaging to Chinese chive. An effective and moreenvironmentally safe method than pesticides is needed for its control. Theefficacy of B. cellarum control, growth of Chinese chive and soil microbialdiversity were investigated after uae of soil solarization to exterminate thisinsect pest. The results show that on the first day after soil solarization 100%control of B. cellarum was achieved. Growth of Chinese chive was lower insolarized plots than in control plots over the first 10 days after treatment. Chivegrowth in solarized plots increased subsequently to match that in the controlplots. Moreover, the soil microbial community diversity in the treatment groupdecreased initially before gradually recovering. In addition, the abundance ofbeneficial microorganisms in the genus Bacillus and the phyla Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi and Firmicutes increased significantly. Soil solarization is thereforepractical and worthy of promotion in Chinese chive-growing regions.

关键词： Bradysia cellarum Chinese chive control soil microbes soil solarization

Enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A nationwide data from the Chinese Registry of Psoriatic Arthritis (CREPAR)

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第8期136卷 951-958页

作者： Fan Yang Chaofan Lu Huilan Liu Lei Dou Yanhong Wang Hongbin Li Xinwang Duan Lijun wu Yongfu Wang Xiuying Zhang Jian Xu Jinmei Su Dong Xu Jiuliang Zhao qingjun wu Mengtao Li Xiaomei Leng Xiaofeng Zeng Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeNational Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases(NCRC-DID)Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyMinistry of EducationBeijing 100730China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The Second People’s Hospital of WuhuWuhuAnhui 241000China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China The Division of Rheumatology The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotInner Mongolia 010110China Department of Rheumatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330006China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The People’s Hospital of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqiXinjiang 830001China Department of Rheumatology First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical CollegeBaotouInner Mongolia 014010China Department of Rheumatology Zibo Central HospitalZiboShandong 255036China Department of Rheumatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan 650032China

Background:The clinical features of enthesitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis(PsA)have been reported in some Western countries,but data in China are very limited.This study aimed to describe the characteristics of enthesitis in Chinese patients with PsA and compared them with those in other cohorts.Methods:Patients with PsA enrolled in the Chinese Registry of Psoriatic Arthritis(CREPAR)(December 2018 to June 2021)were included.Data including demographics,clinical characteristics,disease activity measures,and treatment were collected at enrollment.Enthesitis was assessed by the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada(SPARCC),Maastricht ankylosing spondylitis enthesitis score(MASES),and Leeds enthesitis index(LEI)indices.A multivariable logistic model was used to identify factors related to enthesitis.We also compared our results with those of other cohorts.Results:In total,1074 PsA patients were included,308(28.7%)of whom had enthesitis.The average number of enthesitis was 3.3±2.8(range:1.0–18.0).More than half of the patients(165,53.6%)had one or two tender entheseal sites.Patients with enthesitis had an earlier age of onset for both psoriasis and arthritis,reported a higher proportion of PsA duration over 5 years,and had a higher percentage of axial involvement and greater disease activity.Multivariable logistic regression showed that axial involvement(odds ratio[OR]2.21,95%confidence interval[CI],1.59–3.08;P<0.001),psoriasis area and severity index(PASI)(OR:1.03,95%CI:1.01–1.04;P=0.002),and disease activity score 28-C reactive protein(DAS28-CRP)(OR:1.25,95%CI:1.01–1.55;P=0.037)were associated with enthesitis.Compared with the results of other studies,Chinese patients with enthesitis had a younger age,lower body mass index(BMI),a higher rate of positive human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-B27,more frequent dactylitis,and a higher proportion of conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs’(csDMARDs)use.Conclusions:Enthesitis is a common condition among Chinese patients with PsA.It is import

关键词： Enthesitis Psoriatic arthritis Registry

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中国棉花生产要素替代及区域异质性

中国农业大学学报 2024年第5期29卷 221-230页

作者：吴庆君朱俊峰中国农业大学经济管理学院北京100083

为稳定国内棉花生产,适度恢复长江和黄河流域棉区产能提供可行建议,利用要素弹性变化解释棉农的生产决策行为逻辑,先采用超越对数成本函数和似不相关回归估计棉花生产要素成本份额方程,再计算出要素需求弹性和影子替代弹性。结果表明:1... 详细信息

为稳定国内棉花生产,适度恢复长江和黄河流域棉区产能提供可行建议,利用要素弹性变化解释棉农的生产决策行为逻辑,先采用超越对数成本函数和似不相关回归估计棉花生产要素成本份额方程,再计算出要素需求弹性和影子替代弹性。结果表明:1)整体来看,我国棉花生产中劳动力和化肥需求缺乏弹性;机械需求弹性呈下降趋势,从富有弹性变为缺乏弹性。2)劳动力、化肥和机械两两之间相互替代,机械与劳动力的替代关系最强,化肥与劳动力的替代关系最弱。3)棉区间的差异主要在于黄河和长江流域棉区的机械需求始终富有弹性,且化肥对劳动力的替代弹性整体下降;而西北内陆棉区的机械需求开始缺乏弹性,化肥对劳动力的替代弹性则有所增长。因此,西北内陆棉区需合理控制机械价格,又要警惕化肥投入过量导致的环境负外部性;而黄河和长江流域棉区则应着力提升棉花生产机械化水平,既要增加与当地棉花生产配套的机械供给,又要利用政策工具有效调控机械需求。

关键词：棉花生产要素需求要素替代超越对数成本函数区域异质性

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深圳市中小学生睡眠质量状况

中国学校卫生 2024年第3期45卷 367-369页

作者：戴丽君吴庆军何林广东省深圳市龙华区妇幼保健院药剂科 518109 深圳市龙华区妇幼保健院信息科深圳市龙华区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科

目的了解深圳市中小学生睡眠现状,为改善该人群睡眠质量提供数据支持。方法于2020年12月22日至2021年1月15日,采用目的抽样方法抽取深圳市龙华区面向全市招生的2所十二年制学校的全部学生共8742名作为调查对象,利用自制问卷对中小学生... 详细信息

目的了解深圳市中小学生睡眠现状,为改善该人群睡眠质量提供数据支持。方法于2020年12月22日至2021年1月15日,采用目的抽样方法抽取深圳市龙华区面向全市招生的2所十二年制学校的全部学生共8742名作为调查对象,利用自制问卷对中小学生基本情况进行调查,运用儿童睡眠障碍量表(SDSC)对儿童的睡眠紊乱状况进行调查和评定。采用χ^(2)检验对数据进行分析。结果深圳市中小学生中,47.61%有睡眠紊乱,10.84%存在中重度睡眠紊乱;整体睡眠紊乱报告率、中重度睡眠紊乱报告率小学(48.03%,10.04%)、初中(45.89%,11.30%)、高中(52.61%,16.83%)学生的差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为8.89,27.05,P值均<0.05)。小学生、初中生、高中生学习期间夜晚入睡时间主要在22:00—23:00(90.35%),22:00—23:00(62.37%),23:00—01:00(61.44%),不同学段学生夜晚入睡时间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1470.17,P<0.01)。41.04%的学生在15 min内能入睡,50.57%的学生夜晚入睡时长为15~30 min,不同学段学生夜晚入睡所需时长差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=82.92,P<0.01)。中小学生夜晚睡眠时长超过9 h的比例为8.03%,睡眠时长8~9 h的占45.97%;不同学段学生夜晚睡眠时长差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1292.86,P<0.01)。结论深圳中小学生睡眠问题主要为睡眠时长不足和睡眠质量较差。相关部门应重视并加强对家长和儿童的睡眠健康教育,改善中小学生的睡眠质量。

关键词：睡眠精神卫生时间学生

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盖尔语文学的民族认同叙事建构

英美文学研究论丛 2024年第1期 49-61页

作者：吴庆军外交学院

爱尔兰文学发端于盖尔语文学。盖尔语文学中的盖尔语、口述传统和文学原型是爱尔兰历史文化传统中的重要传承。盖尔语作为爱尔兰的民族语言是民族认同的核心要素,在民族认同中发挥着重要的语言建构作用。盖尔语文学的口述传统叙述并传... 详细信息

爱尔兰文学发端于盖尔语文学。盖尔语文学中的盖尔语、口述传统和文学原型是爱尔兰历史文化传统中的重要传承。盖尔语作为爱尔兰的民族语言是民族认同的核心要素,在民族认同中发挥着重要的语言建构作用。盖尔语文学的口述传统叙述并传承了爱尔兰的历史、宗教与文化认同。盖尔语文学中爱斯琳诗歌所承载的爱尔兰女性文学原型在爱尔兰文学史上建构起民族认同的想象的共同体。盖尔语文学作为民族文化重要内涵的体现,在民族语言、历史文化认同以及文学原型的叙事传承中建构爱尔兰民族认同。

关键词：盖尔语文学爱尔兰民族认同民族语言口述文学文学原型

布氏白僵菌菌株JG-17的鉴定及对3种金龟子的毒力测定

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中国农业科学 2024年第12期57卷 2364-2377页

作者：曹伟平丰硕程佳旭陈丹吴青君宋健河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/河北省农业有害生物综合防治技术创新中心/河北省作物有害生物综合防治国际科技联合研究中心中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所/蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室

【目的】基于金龟子类害虫种类繁多、危害严重的现状以及农业对具有生态友好、可持续治理特点的生物防治的迫切需求，研究布氏白僵菌（Beauveria brongniartii）菌株JG-17对我国3种重要金龟子幼虫和成虫的毒力，为金龟子生防制剂的研发... 详细信息

【目的】基于金龟子类害虫种类繁多、危害严重的现状以及农业对具有生态友好、可持续治理特点的生物防治的迫切需求，研究布氏白僵菌（Beauveria brongniartii）菌株JG-17对我国3种重要金龟子幼虫和成虫的毒力，为金龟子生防制剂的研发提供优良的菌种资源。【方法】采用稀释挑取法和病原菌回接法，在感病金龟子成虫虫尸上分离获得高毒力病原真菌；通过形态学与rDNA-ITS基因序列分析确定菌株JG-17的分类地位；采用十字交叉测量法和血球计数板法测定不同温度下菌株JG-17的生长速率和产孢量；采用浸渍法测定菌株JG-17对华北大黑鳃金龟（Holotrichia oblita）、暗黑鳃金龟（Holotrichia parallela）和铜绿丽金龟（Anomala corpulenta）成虫和幼虫的毒力；通过盆栽试验测定菌株JG-17对暗黑鳃金龟2龄幼虫的防治效果。【结果】分离获得一株对3种金龟子成虫和幼虫同时具有较高毒力的白僵菌菌株JG-17，结合形态学和rDNA分子鉴定结果，确定菌株JG-17为布氏白僵菌。25—29℃为JG-17的适宜生长温度，生长速率均在4 mm·d-1以上，27℃下，JG-17的生长速率和产孢量最高。JG-17 1×10～8个孢子/mL处理浓度下，华北大黑鳃金龟、铜绿丽金龟和暗黑鳃金龟成虫13 d累计死亡率分别为78.0%、100.0%和86.0%,LT50分别为9.458、6.911和8.391 d。相同处理浓度下，JG-17对暗黑鳃金龟幼虫的毒力高于铜绿丽金龟和华北大黑鳃金龟，1×10～8个孢子/mL浓度下，华北大黑鳃金龟、铜绿丽金龟和暗黑鳃金龟1龄幼虫13 d的累计死亡率分别为76.7%、96.7%和100.0%,2龄幼虫13 d的累计死亡率分别为66.7%、36.7%和100.0%；不同孢子浓度下，对暗黑鳃金龟1龄和2龄幼虫的LT50均明显低于铜绿丽金龟和华北大黑鳃金龟。盆栽试验中，相同施用剂量下，中耕期淋灌处理的暗黑鳃金龟幼虫死亡率与沟施处理的幼虫死亡率差异不显著，播种前撒施方式下取得相近的防治效果需要10倍以上的孢子量。【结论】布氏白僵菌JG-17对华北大黑鳃金龟、暗黑鳃金龟和铜绿丽金龟成虫和幼虫均具有较高致死率，对防治金龟子类地下害虫具有较大的开发应用潜力。

关键词：布氏白僵菌金龟子幼虫成虫分离鉴定毒力

On the Global Convergence of the PERRY-SHANNO Method for Nonconvex Unconstrained Optimization Problems

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Applied Mathematics 2011年第3期2卷 315-320页

作者： Linghua Huang qingjun wu Gonglin Yuan 不详

In this paper, we prove the global convergence of the Perry-Shanno’s memoryless quasi-Newton (PSMQN) method with a new inexact line search when applied to nonconvex unconstrained minimization problems. Preliminary nu... 详细信息

关键词： Unconstrained Optimization Nonconvex Optimization Global Convergence