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A compact multi-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array supporting gigabit space-to-ground communications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 254-266页

作者： Hao Hao qing-yuan zhao Yang-Hui Huang Jie Deng Fan Yang Sai-Ying Ru Zhen Liu Chao Wan Hao Liu Zhi-Jian Li Hua-Bing Wang Xue-Cou Tu La-Bao Zhang Xiao-qing Jia Xing-Long Wu Jian Chen Lin Kang Pei-Heng Wu Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics(RISE) School of Electronic Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Purple Mountain Laboratories NanjingJiangsu 211111China Hefei National Laboratory HefeiAnhui 230088China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Classical and quantum space-to-ground communications necessitate highly sensitive receivers capable of extracting information from modulated photons to extend the communication distance from near-earth orbits to deep space *** achieve gigabit data rates while mitigating strong background noise photons and beam drift in a highly attenuated free-space channel,a comprehensive design of a multi-functional detector is *** this study,we present an innovative compact multi-pixel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array that integrates near-unity detection efficiency(91.6%),high photon counting rate(1.61 Gcps),large dynamic range for resolving different photon numbers(1-24),and four-quadrant position sensing function all within one ***,we have constructed a communication testbed to validate the advantages offered by such an *** 8-PPM(pulse position modulation)format communication experiments,we have achieved an impressive maximum data rate of 1.5 Gbps,demonstrating sensitivities surpassing previous benchmarks at respective *** incorporating photon number information into error correction codes,the receiver can tolerate maximum background noise levels equivalent to 0.8 photons/slot at a data rate of 120 Mbps—showcasing a great potential for daylight operation ***,preliminary beam tracking tests were conducted through open-loop scanning techniques,which revealed clear quantitative dependence indicating sensitivity variations based on beam *** on the device characterizations and communication results,we anticipate that this device architecture,along with its corresponding signal processing and coding techniques,will be applicable in future space-to-ground communication tasks.

关键词： photon supporting correction

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High-timing-precision detection of single X-ray photons by superconducting nanowires

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 194-203页

作者： Shuya Guo Jingrou Tan Hengbin Zhang Jinguang Wang Tianhao Ji Labao Zhang Xiaolong Hu Jian Chen Jun Xie Kai Zou Yun Meng Xiaomin Bei Ling-An Wu Qi Chen Hao Wang Xuecou Tu Xiaoqing Jia qing-yuan zhao Lin Kang Peiheng Wu Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics Nanjing University Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei National Laboratory School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronic Engineering Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology Ministry of Education

Precisely acquiring the timing information of individual X-ray photons is important in both fundamental research and practical applications. The timing precision of commonly used X-ray single-photon detectors remains in the range of one hundred picoseconds to microseconds. In this work, we report on high-timing-precision detection of single X-ray photons through the fast transition to the normal state from the superconductive state of superconducting nanowires. We successfully demonstrate a free-running X-ray single-photon detector with a timing resolution of 20.1 ps made of 100-nm-thick niobium nitride film with an active area of 50 μm by 50 μm. By using a repeated differential timing measurement on two adjacent X-ray single-photon detectors, we demonstrate a precision of 0.87 ps in the arrival-time difference of X-ray photon measurements. Therefore, our work significantly enhances the timing precision in X-ray photon counting, opening a new niche for ultrafast X-ray photonics and many associated applications.

关键词： single-photon detection timing precision superconductor ultrafast phenomenon pulsar X-ray navigation

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Bifunctional sulfonated covalent polymers as the modulator for oriented and highly reversible zinc plating

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第1期66卷 289-296页

作者： Meng-Jie Chen qing-yuan zhao Hong-Rui Wang Tao Long Xin Ma qing Wu Wen-Xin Zhou Xiong-Wei Wu Xian-Xiang Zeng School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of ManganeseResourcesCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Information and Network Center Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

The vast superiority in resource sustainability and volumetric energy density enables metallic zinc(Zn)to construct costeffective and environment-benign battery systems for the energy ***,the problems of Zn dendrites and poor Coulombic efficiency(CE)during cell’s whole life cycle stump its advancement as a rechargeable battery *** solution is to modulate the Zn^(2+) desolvation prior to electro-reduction and subsequent ***,a transferred protection tactic via a bifunctional sulfonated covalent polymer interlayer is proposed to regulate the Zn2+desolvation,which affects the formation of solid-electrolyte interphase,and guides its plating along with preferable(002)crystal ***,the high initial CE of 96.3%and the long-term average CE of 99.8%for 310 cycles are achieved in Zn||Cu cells and 570-h circulation is also realized at 2 mA cm^(-2)/10 mAh cm^(-2)in Zn||Zn ***,Zn||hydrated vanadium oxide-based full batteries with the low-concentration organic electrolytes are also demonstrated with the high specific capacity of 173.8 mAh g^(-1)at 0.5 A g^(-1)and 64%capacity retention over 305 cycles and oriented Zn deposition.

关键词： Zn anode interface chemistry sulfonated covalent polymer oriented plating reversibility

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Properties of collective flow and pion production in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions with a relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 155-169页

作者： Si-Na Wei zhao-qing Feng School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

The relativistic mean-field approach was implemented in the Lanzhou quantum molecular dynamics transport model(***). Using the ***, the properties of collective flow and pion production were investigated systematically for nuclear reactions with various isospin asymmetries. The directed and elliptic flows of the *** are able to describe the experimental data of STAR Collaboration. The directed flow difference between free neutrons and protons was associated with the stiffness of the symmetry energy, that is, a softer symmetry energy led to a larger flow difference. For various collision energies, the ratio between the π^(-) and π^(+) yields increased with a decrease in the slope parameter of the symmetry energy. When the collision energy was 270 MeV/nucleon, the single ratio of the pion transverse momentum spectra also increased with decreasing slope parameter of the symmetry energy in both nearly symmetric and neutron-rich ***, it is difficult to constrain the stiffness of the symmetry energy with the double ratio because of the lack of threshold energy correction on the pion production.

关键词： Heavy-ion collision Collective flow Pion production Symmetry energy Relativistic mean field

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Dynamic plugging regulating strategy of pipeline robot based on reinforcement learning

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 597-608页

作者： Xing-yuan Miao Hong zhao College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

Pipeline isolation plugging robot (PIPR) is an important tool in pipeline maintenance operation. During the plugging process, the violent vibration will occur by the flow field, which can cause serious damage to the pipeline and PIPR. In this paper, we propose a dynamic regulating strategy to reduce the plugging-induced vibration by regulating the spoiler angle and plugging velocity. Firstly, the dynamic plugging simulation and experiment are performed to study the flow field changes during dynamic plugging. And the pressure difference is proposed to evaluate the degree of flow field vibration. Secondly, the mathematical models of pressure difference with plugging states and spoiler angles are established based on the extreme learning machine (ELM) optimized by improved sparrow search algorithm (ISSA). Finally, a modified Q-learning algorithm based on simulated annealing is applied to determine the optimal strategy for the spoiler angle and plugging velocity in real time. The results show that the proposed method can reduce the plugging-induced vibration by 19.9% and 32.7% on average, compared with single-regulating methods. This study can effectively ensure the stability of the plugging process.

关键词： Pipeline isolation plugging robot Plugging-induced vibration Dynamic regulating strategy Extreme learning machine Improved sparrow search algorithm Modified Q-learning algorithm

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Winter extreme precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 42-51页

作者： qing-Quan LI Miao BI Song YANG qing-yuan WU Yi-Hui DING Xin-Yong SHEN Xiao-Ting SUN Meng-Chu zhao China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy Chongqing Institute of Meteorological SciencesChongqing 401147China School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China

The Tibetan Plateau(TP)and the Arctic are the most sensitive regions to global climate ***,the interdecadal varibility of winter extreme precipitation over the TP and its linkage with Arctic sea ice are still *** this study,the characteristics and mechisnems of the TP extreme precipitation(TPEP)influenced by Arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale are studied based on the daily precipitation,monthly sea ice concentration and ERA5 reanalysis data from 1980 to *** found that the dominant mode of the TPEP in winter mostly exhibits a uniform spatial variation on the interdecadal timescale,with an opposite weak variation in the southeastern TP,and the Arctic sea ice concentration(SIC)before 2002 are larger than that after *** interdecadal variation of TPEP is affected by two teleconnection wave trains regulated by the Barents and Kara Sea *** the light ice years,a remarkable positive geopotential height(HGT)anomaly appears over the Barents-Kara Sea and a remarkable negative HGT anomaly is located over the Lake *** wave trains originating over the Barents-Kara Sea can be *** southern branch forms a wave train through the North Atlantic along the subtropical westerly jet stream,showing a‘+-+-+'pattern of HGT anomalies from Arctic to the *** HGT anomaly controls the western TP,which creates dynamic and water vapor conditions for the *** northern branch forms a wave train through the Lake Baikal and the southeast of the TP,showing a‘+-+'HGT anomaly *** HGT anomaly controls the southeastern TP,which is not conducive to precipitation in the *** the SIC in the Barents-Kara Sea increases,the situation is *** above analysis also reveals the reason for the difference in the east-west distribution of the TPEP.

关键词： Arctic sea ice Tibetan Plateau Winter extreme precipitation Rossby wave activity Interdecadal variation

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Comparative study on interaction between rare earth oxide refractories and rare earth treated steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第6期31卷 1493-1501页

作者： Ze Meng Guang-qiang Li Cheng yuan Yi-jiang zhao qing Zheng Bin Zeng Yu Liu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Technical Center Lianyuan Iron and Steel Co.Ltd.Loudi417009HunanChina

Refractories have an important effect on the cleanliness of molten *** interaction between CeAlO_(3) refractories and Ce treated steel was explored and compared with that between Al_(2)O_(3) refractories and Ce treated *** results show that the Ce content in steel decreases sharply after contact with Al_(2)O_(3) refractories and the pick-up of dissolved Al *** with the test of Al_(2)O_(3) refractories,the loss of Ce content is less in the test of CeAlO_(3) refractory,and the total oxygen content and dissolved Al content in steel increase *** dense and continuous Ce_(2)O_(2)S interface layer is observed at the CeAlO_(3) refractories/steel interface,which can serve as the metallurgical isolation layer and hinder the further interaction between refractories and ***,the higher steel cleanliness and less penetration of refractories by molten steel are obtained in the test of CeAlO_(3) *** CeAlO_(3) refractories show a promising prospect in the production of clean Ce treated steel.

关键词： CeAlO_(3)refractory Steel Cleanliness Interaction Rare earth

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High glucose promotes macrophage M1 polarization through miR-32/Mef2d/cAMP signaling pathway

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 539-541页

作者： Cong Chen Jingsong Cao Yan Gao Xiaoping Xie Zhibo zhao qing yuan Yuqi He Xuyu Zu Jianghua Liu The First Affiliated Hospital Institute of Endocrinology and MetabolismCenter for Clinical Research in DiabetesHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan 421001China The First Affiliated Hospital Department of Laboratory MedicineHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan 421001China The First Affiliated Hospital Institute of OncologyHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan 421001China

Chronic inflammation is a crucial inducerof diabetesvascular *** is that high glucose easily induces macrophage activation.1 Macrophages are the principal participants in innate immunity and exist in all human *** pathological vascular,infiltrated macrophages secrete inflammatory factors leading to an increase in plaque stability.?In macrophage polarization,autophagy plays an important *** of macrophage autophagy could induce macrophage polarization from the M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype and inhibit inflammatory reactions.3 Our previous research found that high glucose condition promotes miR-32 expression and macrophage M1 polarization,4 but the mechanism of miR-32 promoting macrophage M1 polarization is *** this study,we found that,under a high-glucose condition,miR-32/Mef2d/cAMP signaling promoted M1 macrophage polarization via inhibited *** results provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of T2D vascular inflammation.

关键词： macrophage miR prevention

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Integration of Multiple Spectral Data via a Logistic Regression Algorithm for Detection of Crop Residue Burned Areas:A Case Study of Songnen Plain,Northeast China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第3期34卷 548-563页

作者： ZHANG Sumei ZHANG yuan zhao Hongmei College of Mining and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China

The burning of crop residues in fields is a significant global biomass burning activity which is a key element of the terrestrial carbon cycle,and an important source of atmospheric trace gasses and *** estimation of cropland burned area is both crucial and challenging,especially for the small and fragmented burned scars in *** we developed an automated burned area mapping algorithm that was implemented using Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Instrument(MSI)data and its effectiveness was tested taking Songnen Plain,Northeast China as a case using satellite image of *** employed a logistic regression method for integrating multiple spectral data into a synthetic indicator,and compared the results with manually interpreted burned area reference maps and the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)MCD64A1 burned area *** overall accuracy of the single variable logistic regression was 77.38%to 86.90%and 73.47%to 97.14%for the 52TCQ and 51TYM cases,*** comparison,the accuracy of the burned area map was improved to 87.14%and 98.33%for the 52TCQ and 51TYM cases,respectively by multiple variable logistic regression of Sentind-2 *** balance of omission error and commission error was also *** integration of multiple spectral data combined with a logistic regression method proves to be effective for burned area detection,offering a highly automated process with an automatic threshold determination *** method exhibits excellent extensibility and flexibility taking the image tile as the operating *** is suitable for burned area detection at a regional scale and can also be implemented with other satellite data.

关键词： crop residue burning burned area Sentinel-2 Multi Spectral Instrument(MSI) logistic regression Songnen Plain,China

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An adaptive finite-difference method for seismic traveltime modeling based on 3D eikonal equation

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 195-205页

作者： Bao-Ping Qiao qing-qing Li Wei-Guang He Dan zhao Qu-Bo Wu CNNC Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology Beijing 100029China National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShangdongChina SINOPEC Geophysical Research Institute Nanjing211103JiangsuChina

3D eikonal equation is a partial differential equation for the calculation of first-arrival traveltimes and has been widely applied in many scopes such as ray tracing,source localization,reflection migration,seismic monitoring and tomographic *** recent years,many advanced methods have been developed to solve the 3D eikonal equation in heterogeneous ***,there are still challenges for the stable and accurate calculation of first-arrival traveltimes in 3D strongly inhomogeneous *** this paper,we propose an adaptive finite-difference(AFD)method to numerically solve the 3D eikonal *** novel method makes full use of the advantages of different local operators characterizing different seismic wave types to calculate factors and traveltimes,and then the most accurate factor and traveltime are adaptively selected for the convergent updating based on the Fermat *** with global fast sweeping describing seismic waves propagating along eight directions in 3D media,our novel method can achieve the robust calculation of first-arrival traveltimes with high precision at grid points either near source point or far away from source point even in a velocity model with large and sharp *** numerical examples show the good performance of the AFD method,which will be beneficial to many scientific applications.

关键词： 3D eikonal equation Accurate traveltimes Global fast sweeping 3D inhomogeneous media Adaptive finite-difference method

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