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Optical Trapping of a Single Molecule of Length Sub-1 nm in Solution

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第4期5卷 830-840页

作者： Biao-Feng Zeng Ran Deng Yu-Ling Zou Chun-An Huo Jing-Yu Wang Wei-Ming Yang qing-man liang Sheng-Jie Qiu Anni Feng Jia Shi Wenjing Hong Zhilin Yang Zhong-Qun Tian Yang Yang Department of Physics Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesIKKEMXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005

Plasmonic optical manipulation has emerged as an affordable alternative to manipulate single chemical and biological molecules in *** the theoretical models of sub-5 nm single-molecule trapping have been considered promising,the experimental strategies remain a challenge due to the Brownian motions and weak optical gradient forces with significantly reduced molecular ***,we address direct trapping and in situ sensing of single molecules with unprecedented size,down to∼5Åin solution,by employing an adjustable plasmonic optical nanogap and single-molecule conductance *** theoretical simulations demonstrate that local fields with a high enhancement factor,over 103,were generated at such small nanogaps,resulting in optical forces as large as several piconewtons to suppress the Brownian motion and trap a molecule of length sub-1 *** work demonstrates a strategy for directly manipulating the small molecule units,promising a vast multitude of applications in chemical,biological,and materials sciences at the single-molecule level.

关键词： plasmon-enhanced trapping molecular junction mechanically controllable break junction finite-element simulation method single-molecule conductance measurement

Potassium and calcium channels in different nerve cells act as therapeutic targets in neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1258-1276页

作者： qing Qiu Mengting Yang Danfeng Gong Haiying liang Tingting Chen Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityLongyanFujian ProvinceChina

The central nervous system, information integration center of the body, is mainly composed of neurons and glial cells. The neuron is one of the most basic and important structural and functional units of the central nervous system, with sensory stimulation and excitation conduction functions. Astrocytes and microglia belong to the glial cell family, which is the main source of cytokines and represents the main defense system of the central nervous system. Nerve cells undergo neurotransmission or gliotransmission, which regulates neuronal activity via the ion channels, receptors, or transporters expressed on nerve cell membranes. Ion channels, composed of large transmembrane proteins, play crucial roles in maintaining nerve cell homeostasis. These channels are also important for control of the membrane potential and in the secretion of neurotransmitters. A variety of cellular functions and life activities, including functional regulation of the central nervous system, the generation and conduction of nerve excitation, the occurrence of receptor potential, heart pulsation, smooth muscle peristalsis, skeletal muscle contraction, and hormone secretion, are closely related to ion channels associated with passive transmembrane transport. Two types of ion channels in the central nervous system, potassium channels and calcium channels, are closely related to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Accordingly, various drugs that can affect these ion channels have been explored deeply to provide new directions for the treatment of these neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the functions of potassium and calcium ion channels in different nerve cells and their involvement in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, epilepsy, autism, and rare disorders. We also describe several clinical drugs that target potassium or calcium channels in nerve cells and could be u

关键词： astrocytes calcium channels central nervous system extracellular ion concentration microglia neurological disorders neurons potassium channels

Characteristic changes in astrocyte properties during astrocyte-to-neuron conversion induced by NeuroD1/Ascl1/Dlx2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1801-1815页

作者： qing He Zhen Wang Yuchen Wang Mengjie Zhu Zhile liang Kanghong Zhang Yuge Xu Gong Chen GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.

关键词： aquaporin-4 Ascl1 astrocyte cortex Dlx2 gap junction glia-to-neuron conversion neural regeneration NeuroD1 reprogramming

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抗坏血酸与针铁矿之间的电化学反应的研究

土壤学报 2003年第3期40卷 360-366页

作者：李清曼季国亮中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008

土壤在淹水条件下 ,氧化铁是土壤中主要的电子接受者之一。本文利用抗坏血酸和针铁矿模拟研究了土壤中的有机还原性物质与氧化铁之间的反应。结果表明 :在抗坏血酸与针铁矿作用的过程中 ,由于溶液中质子被消耗 ,溶液的pH上升 ,质子的消... 详细信息

土壤在淹水条件下 ,氧化铁是土壤中主要的电子接受者之一。本文利用抗坏血酸和针铁矿模拟研究了土壤中的有机还原性物质与氧化铁之间的反应。结果表明 :在抗坏血酸与针铁矿作用的过程中 ,由于溶液中质子被消耗 ,溶液的pH上升 ,质子的消耗量随着抗坏血酸加入量的增加而增加。质子消耗的动力学曲线表明 ,抗坏血酸与针铁矿之间的作用属于异相反应 ,达到平衡所需要的时间较长。在反应的初期 ,二价铁的还原溶出速率很慢 ,在较长的时间内溶液中二价铁浓度不发生变化。pH对抗坏血酸与针铁矿之间的反应有影响 ,pH上升 ,反应速率受抑制 ,pH下降 ,反应速率加快。从不同pH条件下的抗坏血酸的峰电位的测定结果推断 ,pH对抗坏血酸与针铁矿反应的影响可能通过影响针铁矿表面化学性质来实现的。

关键词：抗坏血酸针铁矿电化学反应土壤氧化铁

Trinuclear gold-catalyzed site-selective alkylation of peptides

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 249-256页

作者： qing-Yun Fang Chengyihan Gu Yinghan Chen Wencheng Yan Yong liang Weipeng Li Chengjian Zhu Jie Han Jin Xie State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University

Selective modification of peptides has always been a challenging issue. The selective alkylation of peptides can alter the biological activity and physical properties of molecules, and it has gained significant research interest. We herein disclose an intriguing gold-catalyzed alkylation of peptides using bench-stable unactivated alkyl bromides under photoredox catalysis. A wide range of structurally diverse primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides serve as effective coupling partners to precisely connect with the α-C(sp3)–H in glycine residue of peptides. This protocol demonstrates an exceptionally broad scope for alkyl halides and excellent tolerance for a wide range of useful functional groups. A series of relay transformations to construct cyclic peptides, to proceed click reaction and to realize peptide fluorescence labeling further enhance its synthetic practicality. In addition, mechanistic studies and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal an inner-sphere and subsequent outersphere single electron transfer(SET) mechanism.

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光镊捕获和操控尺度极限的进展

物理化学学报 2024年第1期40卷 3-19页

作者：霍春安邱圣杰梁青满耿碧君雷志超王干邹玉玲田中群杨扬厦门大学萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室福建厦门361005

光镊技术能够实现对介观乃至微观颗粒的稳定捕获和灵活操控,是对微纳物体和单个分子施加力并观测其响应的理想操控手段。受限于光的衍射极限,传统光镊难以实现对100 nm以下物体的捕获和操控。研究者们通过开发特殊的材料和结构,将它们... 详细信息

光镊技术能够实现对介观乃至微观颗粒的稳定捕获和灵活操控,是对微纳物体和单个分子施加力并观测其响应的理想操控手段。受限于光的衍射极限,传统光镊难以实现对100 nm以下物体的捕获和操控。研究者们通过开发特殊的材料和结构,将它们与传统光镊技术结合,不断突破其在小尺度物体的捕获和操控极限。本文主要综述了近年来光镊的不同技术路线在突破捕获操控极限的研究进展,以及其在物理化学领域中的应用,并对其发展和应用进行展望。

关键词：光镊单分子捕获尺寸微尺度操控等离激元固液界面

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数字化赋能市域产教联合体建设研究——基于整体性治理理论的视角

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教育与职业 2025年第1期 14-22页

作者：李雨健张燕梁卿天津职业技术师范大学衢州职业技术学院衢州职业技术学院职业教育研究所

从整体性治理理论来看，市域产教联合体建设存在治理主体、资源要素和组织形态的“碎片化”问题，分别表现为：信息共享融通不足，互动沟通亟待加强；资源共建共享不足，资源整合需要加强；治理机制有待完善，协同治理有待提升。基于整... 详细信息

从整体性治理理论来看，市域产教联合体建设存在治理主体、资源要素和组织形态的“碎片化”问题，分别表现为：信息共享融通不足，互动沟通亟待加强；资源共建共享不足，资源整合需要加强；治理机制有待完善，协同治理有待提升。基于整体性治理理论，数字生产力作为一种新质生产力可以破解以上问题，数字技术的连接能力可以赋能信息畅通，数字技术的整合能力可以赋能资源共享，数字技术的去中心化可以赋能组织治理。基于市域产教联合体建设的实际需要，数字化赋能市域产教联合体建设可采取的举措包括：搭建产教信息联动网络，助力人才培养；夯实产教资源共享载体，服务产业发展；完善内部数字治理体系，提升发展效能。

关键词：市域产教联合体整体性治理数字技术新质生产力

Large-eddy simulation and linear acoustic modeling of entropy mode oscillations in a model combustor with coolant injection

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第8期31卷 1691-1702页

作者： man ZHANG An liang AECC Commercial Aireraft Engine Co. LTD Shanghai 200241 China

Lean-burn combustor is particularly susceptible to combustion instability and the unsteady heat release is usually considered as the excitation of the self-maintained thermoacoustic oscillations. The transverse coolant injection is widely used to reduce the temperature of burnt gas, but on the other hand, it will introduce temperature fluctuation inside the ***, it is necessary to consider the influence of the coolant injection on combustion instability, and evaluate its dynamic feature. In this paper, Large-Eddy Simulation（LES） of the self-excited pressure oscillations in a model combustor with coolant injection is carried out. The analysis of transient flow characteristics and the identification of the pressure modes confirm that one of the low frequency pressure oscillations is related to entropy fluctuations, which is known as rumble combustion instability. The LES results show that transient coolant injection is another excitation of temperature fluctuation other than unsteady combustion. The amplitude of the entropy mode oscillation increases with increasing coolant air mass whereas the change of its frequency is insignificant. According to the major feature of entropy wave oscillation caused by coolant injection, a compact coolant injection model is proposed and applied in the One Dimensional（1 D） Acoustic Network Method（ANM）. Key correlations used in the model match well with LES data in low frequency range. This means that the coolant injection model is a complex one reflecting the interaction of the fluctuating coolant mass, pressure and temperature. Finally, the combustion instability frequencies and modes predicted by acoustic network method are also in good agreement with LES results.

关键词： Acoustic wave Combustion instabilityCoolant injection Entropy LES Network method Rumble Self-excited

Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of Simiaowan in the treatment of hyperuricemia: in vivo and in silico approaches

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 37-54页

作者： Yong-Chang Zeng Jun-Hong Wu Dan-Dan Xu Kang He Chang-qing Liu Li-Fei Song Zheng-Zhi Wu Qian-Qian Jiang Shao-Yu liang Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518020China Pharmaceutical Department The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China School of Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025China Guangzhou Zeli Medical Technology Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510700China

Background:Simiaowan(SMW),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine,has been employed to treat hyperuricemia(HUA)and gout for ***,the bioactive components and underlying mechanisms have not been *** objective of this study was to identify the active components and potential mechanisms of SMW by integrating pharmacological experimentation,serum pharmacochemistry,network pharmacology and molecular ***:HUA rats modelling by high-fat/high-sugar diet and potassium oxonate/adenine oral administration were used to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effects of ***-Q-Exactive-MS/MS was employed to detect the bioactive components present in SMW-containing *** pharmacology and molecular docking were utilized to elucidate the potential targets and underlying ***:SMW effectively ameliorated HUA rats via the inhibition of uric acid(UA)production,promotion of UA excretion,improvement of lipid and glucose metabolic abnormalities,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin resistance effects.A total of 73 compounds detected in SMW-containing serum were identified as potential active components,with alkaloids,flavonoids,organic acids,and terpenoids emerging as the primary active *** 203 corresponding targets were obtained as SMW anti-HUA/gout targets,which mainly participated in apoptosis,insulin resistance,TNF,PI3K-Akt,HIF-1,NF-κB,MAPK,IL-17 and TLR signaling *** docking indicated that active compounds(***,phellodendrine,quercetin,formononetin,ferulic acid)had superior binding abilities to the key targets(*** carrier family 22 member 12(URAT1),solute carrier family 22 member 6(OAT1),ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2(ABCG2),solute carrier family 2,facilitated glucose transporter member 9(GLUT9),xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase(XDH),transcription factor p65(RELA),toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),prostaglandin G/H synthase 2(PTGS2),caspase-3(CASP3),insulin(INS)).Conclusion:S

关键词： hyperuricemia network pharmacology serum pharmacochemistry Simiaowan UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS