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Complement factor B knockdown by short hairpin RNA inhibits laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in rats

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第3期13卷 382-389页

作者： Xin Wang qing-li shang Jing-Xue Ma Shu-Xia liu Cai-Xia Wang Cheng Ma Department of Ophthalmology the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050000Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Tianjin First Central HospitalTianjin 300192China

AIM:To evaluate whether recombinant complement factor B(CFB)short hairpin RNA(sh RNA)reduces laserinduced choroidal neovascularization(CNV)in rats.METHODS:Laser-induced rat CNV model was established,and then the animals underwent fundus fluorescence angiography(FFA)and hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining.On day 3 and 7 after photocoagulation,the expression of CFB and membrane attack complex(MAC)was detected by immunhischemistry.A recombinant CFBsh RNA plasmid was constructed.CFB and scrambled sh RNA plasmids were intravenous injected into rats via the tail vein on the day of laser treatment,respectively.On day 7,the incidence of CNV was determined by FFA,and the expression of CFB and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)/choroidal tissues was detected by immunhischemistry,Western blot and/or semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)in CFB and scrambled sh RNA groups.The possible adverse effects of CFB-sh RNA injection were assessed by transmission electron microscopy and electroretinography.RESULTS:FFA and HE results indicated that a laserinduced rat CNV model was successfully established on day 7 after photocoagulation.The expression of CFB and MAC was extremely weak in normal retina and choroid,and increased on day 3 after photocoagulation.However,it started to reduce on day 7.CFB sh RNA plasmid was successfully constructed and induced CFB knockdown in the retinal and choroidal tissues.FFA showed CFB knockdown significantly inhibited incidence of CNV in rats.Moreover,CFB knockdown significantly inhibited the expression of VEGF in RPE/choroidal tissues.CFB sh RNA caused no obvious side effects in eyes.CONCLUSION:CFB knockdown significantly inhibits the formation and development of CNV in vivo through reducing the expression of VEGF,which is a potential therapy target.The alternative pathway of complement activation plays an important role in CNV formation.

关键词： choroidal neovascularization complement factor B short hairpin RNA membrane attack complex vascular endothelial growth factor

A pilot study on vitrectomy combined with scleral shortening for eyes with myopic macular retinoschisis——2y follow-up results

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第2期14卷 263-268页

作者： Peng Zhang Cun-Xi Ye ling-Xin Hou Yu-Hua Hao Kun Wang qing-li shang Department of Ophthalmology the Second Hospital of HebeiMedical UniversityShijiazhuang 050000Hebei ProvinceChina

AIM:To evaluate the effect of vitrectomy combined with scleral shortening for eyes with myopic macular retinoschisis.METHODS:Thirty-seven patients with myopic macular retinoschisis who underwent pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)combined with scleral shortening were reviewed.Axial length(AL),the height of macular retinoschisis,the height of retinal detachment if existed,the diameter of macular hole if existed and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)were obtained.The preoperative and postoperative parameters were compared.RESULTS:At postoperative 24 mo,the mean AL and height of macular retinoschisis were reduced significantly by 0.79 mm and 256.51μm(t=8.064,P<0.0001;Z=-5.086,P<0.0001)respectively.In addition,the mean height of retinal detachment and diameter of macular hole were also reduced significantly by 365.38μm and 183.68μm(Z=-4.457,P=0.000008;Z=-2.983,P=0.003)respectively.Meanwhile,the postoperative BCVA was improved markedly(Z=-2.126,P=0.033).CONCLUSION:Vitrectomy combined with scleral shortening is an effective surgical method for eyes with myopic macular retinoschisis,whether or not macular hole and retinal detachment are present.

关键词： macula retinoschisis myopia scleral shortening vitrectomy

Effect of biochar application on rice,wheat,and corn seedlings in hydroponic culture

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 379-390页

作者： Yingjie Yin Jikai li Sihang Zhu qing Chen Chong Chen Yukui Rui Jianying shang College of Land Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of Educationand Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China Agricultural Management Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 102208China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and RemediationBeijing 100193China

In recent years,biochar has attracted considerable attention for soil quality improvement and carbon sequestration due to its unique physicochemical properties.However,the mechanism by which biochar application negatively affects the growth of crop seedlings has not been fully investigated.In this study,a hydroponic experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of rice,wheat,and corn seedlings to biochar application(CK,0 g/L;BC1,0.5 g/L;and BC2,1.0 g/L).Compared with the CK treatment,the BC1 and BC2 treatments decreased the fresh shoot and root weights of rice and corn seedlings(Plings(P>0.05).For the contents of nutrient elements in seedlings,both BC1 and BC2 treatments hindered the roots from absorbing Fe and Cu and increased the uptake of Ca and Mn.Compared with the CK treatment,the translocation factor(TF)values of Ca,Mn,and Zn were significantly decreased especially in rice seedlings(35.3%-36.8%,68.7%-76.5%,and 29.8%-22.0%,respectively)under the BC1 and BC2 treatments,while only Mn was significantly decreased in wheat and corn seedlings(Plication can reduce nutrient absorption and translocation,and hinder rice,wheat,and corn seedlings,particularly rice seedling,in hydroponic system.

关键词： Biochar Toxicity Seedling growth Hydroponic cultivation

Highly selective and efficient photocatalytic NO removal:Charge carrier kinetics and interface molecular process

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1003-1026页

作者： Huan shang Hongbao Jia Pengpeng li Hao li Wenbin Zhang Shuangjun li qing Wang Shuning Xiao Ding Wang Guisheng li Dieqing Zhang School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of EducationShanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materialsand Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic CatalysisShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The widespread nitrogen oxides(NOx,mainly in NO)in the atmosphere have threatened human health and ecological environment.The dilute NO(ppb)is difficult to efficiently remove via the traditional process due to its characteristics of low concentration,wide range,large total amount,etc.Photocatalysis can utilize solar energy to purify NO pollutants under mild conditions,but its application is limited due to the low selectivity of nitrate and poor activity of NO removal.The underlying reason is that the interface mechanism of NO oxidation is not clearly understood,which leads to the inability to accurately regulate the NO oxidation process.Herein,the recent advances in the photocatalytic oxidation of NO are summarized.Firstly,the common strategies to effectively regulate carrier dynamics such as morphology control,facet engineering,defect engineering,plasma coupling,heterojunction and single-atom catalysts are discussed.Secondly,the progress of enhancing the adsorption and activation of reactants such as NO and O_(2) during NO oxidation is described in detail,and the corresponding NO oxidation mechanisms are enumerated.Finally,the challenges and prospects of photocatalytic NO oxidation are presented in term of nanotechnology for air pollution control.This review can shed light on the interface mechanism of NO oxidation and provide illuminating information on designing novel catalysts for efficient NOx control.

关键词： nitrogen oxide(NO)oxidation photocatalysis NO/O_(2)activation charge carrier kinetics interfacial mechanism

Dynamic modeling and RBF neural network compensation control for space flexible manipulator with an underactuated hand

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 417-439页

作者： Dongyang shang Xiaopeng li Meng YIN Fanjie li School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

In space operation,flexible manipulators and gripper mechanisms have been widely used because of light weight and flexibility.However,the vibration caused by slender structures in manipulators and the parameter perturbation caused by the uncertainty derived from grasping mass variation cannot be ignored.The existence of vibration and parameter perturbation makes the rotation control of flexible manipulators difficult,which seriously affects the operation accuracy of manipulators.What’s more,the complex dynamic coupling brings great challenges to the dynamics modeling and vibration analysis.To solve this problem,this paper takes the space flexible manipulator with an underactuated hand(SFMUH)as the research object.The dynamics model considering flexibility,multiple nonlinear elements and disturbance torque is established by the assumed modal method(AMM)and Hamilton’s principle.A dynamic modeling simplification method is proposed by analyzing the nonlinear terms.What’s more,a sliding mode control(SMC)method combined with the radial basis function(RBF)neural network compensation is proposed.Besides,the control law is designed using a saturation function in the control method to weaken the chatter phenomenon.With the help of neural networks to identify the uncertainty composition in the SFMUH,the tracking accuracy is improved.The results of ground control experiments verify the advantages of the control method for vibration suppression of the SFMUH.

关键词： Space flexible manipulator RBF neural network Underactuated hand Dynamic models Model simplification

Abundance and sources of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic acids at an urban site in central China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 155-168页

作者： Luqi shang Zhe Dong Zihan li Mingkai Wang Zihan Kong Xiao li Ruiqin Zhang School of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Institute of Environmental Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

We conducted a simultaneous field study of PM_(2.5)-bound particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and aromatic acids(AAs)in a polluted city Zhengzhou to explore the concentration,sources and potential conversion pathways between PAHs and AAs in different seasons.The average concentrations of PM_(2.5),28PAHs and 8AAs during the sampling period were 77μg/m^(3),75 ng/m^(3),and 283 ng/m^(3),respectively.The concentration of both28PAHs and 8AAs were highest in winter and lowest in summer with ratios of 6.3 and 2.3,respectively.PAHs with 5-7 rings were the main components of PAHs(52%),followed by 4rings PAHs(30%)and 2-3 rings PAHs(18%).According to the source appointment results obtained by positive matrix factorization,the main sources of PAHs were combustion and vehicle emissions,which account for 37%and 34%,respectively.8AAs were divided into three groups,including four benzene dicarboxylic acids(B2CAs),three benzene tricarboxylic acids(B3CAs)and one benzene tetracarboxylic acid(B4CA).And interspecies correlation analysis with PM_(2.5)source markers were used to investigate potential sources.Phthalic acid(o-Ph)was the most abundant specie of 8AAs(157 ng/m^(3),55%of 8AAs),which was well correlated with sulfate.Meanwhile,B3CAs and B4CA were highly correlated with sulfate and weakly correlated with levoglucosan,suggesting that secondary formation was their main source.As logical oxidation products of PAHs,o-Ph and B3CAs showed good correlations with a number of PAHs,indicating possible photochemical oxidation pathway by PAHs.In addition,O_(3),NO_(2),temperature and relative humidity have positive effects on the secondary formation of B3CAs.

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Aromatic acids Source appointment Secondary formation

Impact of next-generation sequencing on antimicrobial treatment in immunocompromised adults with suspected infections

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 105-110页

作者： Jia li Jiazhen Luo Tao Hu ling Cheng Weiwei shang li Yan Department of Intensive Care Unit Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Emergency Medicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Geriatrics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

BACKGROUND:Prompt pathogen identification can have a substantial impact on the optimization of antimicrobial treatment.The objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing(NGS)for identifying pathogen and its clinical impact on antimicrobial intervention in immunocompromised patients with suspected infections.METHODS:This was a retrospective study.Between January and August 2020,47 adult immunocompromised patients underwent NGS testing under the following clinical conditions:1)prolonged fever and negative conventional cultures;2)new-onset fever despite empiric antimicrobial treatment;and 3)afebrile with suspected infections on imaging.Clinical data,including conventional microbial test results and antimicrobial treatment before and after NGS,were collected.Data were analyzed according to documented changes in antimicrobial treatment(escalated,no change,or deescalated)after the NGS results.RESULTS:The median time from hospitalization to NGS sampling was 19 d.Clinically relevant pathogens were detected via NGS in 61.7% of patients(29/47),more than half of whom suffered from fungemia(n=17),resulting in an antimicrobial escalation in 53.2% of patients(25/47)and antimicrobial de-escalation in 0.2% of patients(1/47).Antimicrobial changes were mostly due to the identification of fastidious organisms such as Legionella,Pneumocystis jirovecii,and Candida.In the remaining three cases,NGS detected clinically relevant pathogens also detected by conventional cultures a few days later.The antimicrobial treatment was subsequently adjusted according to the susceptibility test results.Overall,NGS changed antimicrobial management in 55.3%(26/47)of patients,and conventional culture detected clinically relevant pathogens in 14.9% of the patients(7/47).CONCLUSION:With its rapid identification and high sensitivity,NGS could be a promising tool for identifying relevant pathogens and enabling rapid appropriate treatment in immunocompromised patients with suspected infections.

关键词： Immunocompromised patients Next-generation sequencing Antimicrobial management

Seasonal response of nitrogen exchange fluxes to crab disturbance at sediment-water interface in coastal tidal wetlands

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 129-138页

作者： Guo-fen Hua shang-qing liu Xiang-dong liu Jin-li li Yue Fang Wen-ting Xie Xiang Xu College of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Renewable Energy Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Coastal wetlands are hotspots for nitrogen(N)cycling,and crab burrowing is known to transform N in intertidal marsh soils.However,the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.This study conducted field experiments and used indoor control test devices to investigate the seasonal response of nitrogen to crab disturbance at the sediment-water interface in coastal tidal flat wetlands.The results showed that crab disturbance exhibited significant seasonality with large seasonal differences in cave density and depth.Due to crab disturbance,nitrogen fuxes at the sediment-water interface were much greater in the box with crabs than in the box without crabs.In summer,NH-N showed a positive flux from the sediment to the overlying water,but NO2-N and NOg-N showed positive fluxes from the sediment to the overlying water only in early stages.In winter,NH-N showed a positive flux from the sediment to the overlying water,but NO-N and NO,-N both exhibited positive and negative fluxes.These results indicated that the presence of crab burrows can cause the aerobic layer to move downward by approximately 8-15 cm in summer and directly promote nitrification at the sediment surface.

关键词： Coastal tidal flat wetland Crab disturbance Nitrogen flux Nitrification Denitrification Sediment-water interface

Recent progress in visualization and digitization of coherent transformation structures and application in high-strength steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1298-1310页

作者： Xuelin Wang Zhenjia Xie Xiucheng li Chengjia shang Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Yangjiang Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Materials Science and Technology(Yangjiang Advanced Alloys Laboratory)Yangjiang 529500China

High-strength steels are mainly composed of medium-or low-temperature microstructures,such as bainite or martensite,with coherent transformation characteristics.This type of microstructure has a high density of dislocations and fine crystallographic structural units,which ease the coordinated matching of high strength,toughness,and plasticity.Meanwhile,given its excellent welding perform-ance,high-strength steel has been widely used in major engineering constructions,such as pipelines,ships,and bridges.However,visual-ization and digitization of the effective units of these coherent transformation structures using traditional methods(optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy)is difficult due to their complex morphology.Moreover,the establishment of quantitative relationships with macroscopic mechanical properties and key process parameters presents additional difficulty.This article reviews the latest progress in microstructural visualization and digitization of high-strength steel,with a focus on the application of crystallographic methods in the development of high-strength steel plates and welding.We obtained the crystallographic data(Euler angle)of the transformed microstruc-tures through electron back-scattering diffraction and combined them with the calculation of inverse transformation from bainite or martensite to austenite to determine the reconstruction of high-temperature parent austenite and orientation relationship(OR)during con-tinuous cooling transformation.Furthermore,visualization of crystallographic packets,blocks,and variants based on actual OR and digit-ization of various grain boundaries can be effectively completed to establish quantitative relationships with alloy composition and key process parameters,thereby providing reverse design guidance for the development of high-strength steel.

关键词： high-strength steel microstructure visualization digitization quantification mechanical properties