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基于响应面设计优化姬松茸多糖的提取工艺

中国民族民间医药 2024年第14期33卷 48-55页

作者：徐清陈荣林吴倩媛王英豪林建英福建中医药大学药学院福建福州350001 福州东星生物技术有限公司福建福州350001

目的:运用响应面设计优化姬松茸多糖的提取工艺。方法:以超声波提取与复合酶酶解法提取姬松茸中的多糖成分,以复合酶添加量、pH值、超声温度、提取时间为考察因素,在单因素实验的基础上,运用响应面设计优化姬松茸多糖的提取工艺。结果:... 详细信息

目的:运用响应面设计优化姬松茸多糖的提取工艺。方法:以超声波提取与复合酶酶解法提取姬松茸中的多糖成分,以复合酶添加量、pH值、超声温度、提取时间为考察因素,在单因素实验的基础上,运用响应面设计优化姬松茸多糖的提取工艺。结果:最佳提取工艺条件为复合酶添加量0.03 g、pH6.5、超声温度70℃、提取时间20 min,此条件下姬松茸多糖的得率为10.67%,与预测值11.06%接近。结论:优选出的提取工艺稳定可行,有助于姬松茸的合理运用,为姬松茸多糖有效提取和科学开发提供了参考。

关键词：姬松茸超声波酶提法响应面设计多糖提取

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集成电路废水的达标排放、资源回收和再生处理

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工业水处理 2024年第4期44卷 1-9页

作者：肖卓远黄南巫寅虎张倬玮徐雨晴吴乾元王文龙熊江磊罗嘉豪廖翔胡洪营清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室生态环境部环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室环境前沿技术北京实验室北京100084 北京工业大学城镇污水深度处理与资源化利用技术国家工程实验室北京100124 清华大学深圳国际研究生院生态环境部环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室广东深圳518055 中国电子系统工程第二建设有限公司江苏无锡214135 清华苏州环境创新研究院江苏苏州215163

集成电路产业是支撑经济社会发展的战略性、先导性产业,其用水量和排水量均较高。分析了集成电路废水的水质特征,主要包括各生产环节产生的含氨、含氟、酸碱、有机、含铜和研磨废水。针对含不同物质废水,总结了废水达标排放、资源回收... 详细信息

集成电路产业是支撑经济社会发展的战略性、先导性产业,其用水量和排水量均较高。分析了集成电路废水的水质特征,主要包括各生产环节产生的含氨、含氟、酸碱、有机、含铜和研磨废水。针对含不同物质废水,总结了废水达标排放、资源回收和再生处理技术的应用现状与研究进展。在废水达标排放方面,实际工程中常采用混凝沉淀、过滤和吸附等处理含氟、含铜和研磨废水;采用活性污泥法、膜生物反应器、水解酸化和内循环厌氧反应器等处理含氨和有机废水;近年来磁混凝和高级氧化等技术也备受关注。在资源回收方面,目前主要采用超滤和电渗析等技术回收氟、铜和四甲基氢氧化铵等。废水回用方面,主要采用混凝沉降,膜生物反应器和膜过滤技术;反渗透技术是废水再生处理的核心,其目标是制备工业纯水用于集成电路制造。最后针对集成电路废水处理系统现存的问题,建议完善废水分类分质收集系统;强化去除重金属和难降解有机物,降低废水的生物毒性;使用预处理、污堵监测、膜清洗、开发新型膜材料等方法控制反渗透膜的污堵。

关键词：集成电路废水达标排放资源回收再生处理处理技术和工艺

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Genotoxicity removal of reclaimed water during ozonation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第6期26卷 1243-1248页

作者： Xin Tang qianyuan wu Yang Yang Hongying Hu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University

Genotoxicity in wastewater and reclaimed water now is gaining increased attention because of genotoxins＇ potential damage to the ecosystem and human health. The effect of ozonation on genotoxicity in reclaimed water was investigated. It was found that ozonation decreased the genotoxicy dramatically in three tertiary treatment plants. In the further batch ozonation experiment in laboratory, secondary effluent sample used exhibited the genotoxicity of （41.1 ± 4.1） μg 4NQO/L. Ozonation with a dose of 10 mg O3/L completely removed the genotoxicity in secondary effluent. However, after ozonation, the dissolved organic carbonvalue of the sample didn＇t change much but the specific ultraviolet absorbance （SUVA） value dropped sharply. With the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ozonation was found to change chemical aliphatic carbon and C-O of the dissolved arganic matter, which might be the reason of the significant decreases of SUVA and genotoxicity.

关键词： ozonation genotoxicy specific ultraviolet absorbance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Removal of *** Red 2 by low pressure UV/chlorine advanced oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第3期28卷 227-234页

作者： qianyuan wu Yue Li Wenlong Wang Ting Wang Hongying Hu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key joint Laboratory School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control(SMARC) School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Azo dyes are commonly found as pollutants in wastewater from the textile industry,and can cause environmental problems because of their color and *** removal of a typical azo dye named *** Red 2（RR2） during low pressure ultraviolet（UV）/chlorine oxidation was investigated in this *** irradiation at 254 nm and addition of free chlorine provided much higher removal rates of RR2 and color than UV irradiation or chlorination *** the free chlorine dose enhanced the removal efficiency of RR2 and color by UV/chlorine *** performed with nitrobenzene（NB）or benzoic acid（BA） as scavengers showed that radicals（especially OH） formed during UV/chlorine oxidation are important in the RR2 *** of HCO_3^- and Cl^- to the RR2 solution did not inhibit the removal of RR2 during UV/chlorine oxidation.

关键词： Textile wastewater Azo dye Ultraviolet irradiation Chlorine Advanced oxidation process

Removal of fluorescence and ultraviolet absorbance of dissolved organic matter in reclaimed water by solar light

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 118-127页

作者： qianyuan wu Chao Li Wenlong Wang Tao He Hongying Hu Ye Du Ting Wang Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and risk Control Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055 China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China South China Institute of Environmental Science Ministry of Environmental Protection Guangzhou 510000 China

Storing reclaimed water in lakes is a widely used method of accommodating changes in the consumption of reclaimed water during wastewater reclamation and reuse. Solar light serves as an important function in degrading pollutants during storage, and its effect on dissolved organic matter（DOM） was investigated in this study. Solar light significantly decreased the UV_（254） absorbance and fluorescence（FLU） intensity of reclaimed ***, its effect on the dissolved organic carbon（DOC） value of reclaimed water was very limited. The decrease in the UV_（254） absorbance intensity and FLU excitation–emission matrix regional integration volume（FLU volume） of reclaimed water during solar light irradiation was fit with pseudo-first order reaction kinetics. The decrease of UV_（254） absorbance was much slower than that of the FLU volume. Ultraviolet light in solar light had a key role in decreasing the UV_（254） absorbance and FLU intensity during solar light irradiation. The light fluence-based removal kinetic constants of the UV_（254） and FLU intensity were independent of light intensity. The peaks of the UV_（254） absorbance and FLU intensity with an apparent molecular weight（AMW） of 100 Da to 2000 Da decreased after solar irradiation, whereas the DOC value of the major peaks did not significantly change.

关键词： Wastewater reclamation Fluorescence Ultraviolet absorbance Solar light irradiation

UV-LED/P25-based photocatalysis for effective degradation of isothiazolone biocide

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 97-108页

作者： Xinzheng Li Zhiming Li Zhihui Xing Zhimin Song Bei Ye Zhengming Wang qianyuan wu Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental SafetyInternational Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China China Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen518055China Environmental Management Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology16-1 OnogawaTsukubaIbaraki305-8569Japan

In this work,LED-based photocatalysis using mixed rutile and anatase phase TiO_(2)(P25)as the photocatalyst could effectively remove 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one(CMIT)and methylisothiazolone(MIT)simultaneously,with removal efficiencies above 80%within 20 *** photocatalytic degradation of both CMIT and MIT could be modeled using a pseudo-first-order rate *** photocatalytic degradation rates of CMIT and MIT under LED280 illumination were higher than under LED310 or LED360 *** concentrations below 100 mg/L,the degradation rate of CMIT and MIT under LED illumination significantly increased with increasing catalyst ***,the effects of the chloride ion concentration,alkalinity and dissolved organic matter on the photocatalytic degradation reaction were also ***·OH free radicals were determined to play the primary role in the photocatalytic degradation reaction,with a degradation contribution of>95%.The photocatalytic degradation of CMIT and MIT mainly occurred via oxidation,hydrolysis,and chain growth ***,the possible photocatalytic degradation pathways of CMIT and MIT over LED/P25 are proposed.

关键词： Degradation Photocatalytic LED CMIT P25

Activity level of gross α and gross β in airborne aerosol samples around the Qinshan NPP

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2007年第3期18卷 176-180页

作者： CHEN Bin YE Jida CHEN qianyuan wu Xiaofei SONG Weili WANG Hongfeng Zhejiang Province Environmental Radiation Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310012 China

The monitoring results of gross α and gross β activity from 2001 to 2005 for environmental airborne aero- sol samples around the Qinshan NPP base are presented in this paper. A total of 170 aerosol samples were collected from monitoring sites of Caichenmen village, Qinlian village, Xiajiawan village and Yangliucun village around the Qinshan NPP base. The measured specific activity of gross α and gross β are in the range of 0.02～0.38 mBq/m3 and 0.10～1.81 mBq/m3, respectively, with an average of 0.11 mBq/m3 and 0.45mBq/m3, respectively. They are lower than the average of 0.15 mBq/m3 and 0.52mBq/m3, of reference site at Hangzhou City. It is indicated that the specific activity of gross α and gross β for environmental aerosol samples around the Qinshan NPP base had not been in- creased in normal operating conditions of the NPP.

关键词：环境放射性气溶胶过失误差α 过失误差β

Improvement of detection method of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in reclaimed water

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008年第3期2卷 380-384页

作者： Tong ZHANG Xing XIE Hongying HU Yudong SONG qianyuan wu Zusheng ZONG Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are two typical species of pathogenic protozoans that seriously endanger water *** works indicated that detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia with modified United States Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA)method-1623 using a membrane filtration-elution for sample concentration attained better recovery and lower cost compared to the USEPA *** improvements of membrane filtration-elution step as well as immunomagnetic separation(IMS)steps were investigated and an optimized method for detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in wastewater reclamation system was recommended in this *** experimental results show that an overnight soak of the membrane after scraping and vortex agitation before elution could enhance and stabilize the *** turbidity to 4 NTU by adding kaolin clay before filtration could effectively improve the recovery of low-turbidity *** the concentrate after centrifugation and twice acid dissociation both reduced the impact of water quality to protozoan *** in different water samples were determined by this optimized method,and the recovery of Cryptosporidium and Giardia were above 70% and 80%respectively,much higher than the acceptance of method-1623.

关键词： concentration Cryptosporidium Giardia immunomagnetic separation(IMS) wastewater reuse

纺织污水直接排放的化学需氧量瞬时监测值和日均值的关系研究

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工业水处理 2023年第11期43卷 27-30页

作者：贾文杰吴乾元清华苏州环境创新研究院江苏苏州215002 清华大学深圳国际研究生院广东深圳518055

以江苏、福建、山东等地不同规模的41家纺织企业和2家纺织污水处理厂为研究对象,对其直接排放的化学需氧量(COD)在线监测数据进行统计分析,探究纺织污水排放中COD的变化规律。之后引入参数K,以COD日均值与K的乘积来表示COD瞬时排放值,... 详细信息

以江苏、福建、山东等地不同规模的41家纺织企业和2家纺织污水处理厂为研究对象,对其直接排放的化学需氧量(COD)在线监测数据进行统计分析,探究纺织污水排放中COD的变化规律。之后引入参数K,以COD日均值与K的乘积来表示COD瞬时排放值,以探讨二者间的关系。结果发现,纺织污水排放单位直接排放的COD均可满足排放标准规定的排放限值要求,但呈现出一定程度的波动。直接排放的COD相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.5%~34.5%,与COD排放浓度、排水量均呈现负相关。对于直接排放的COD实测值与《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 4287—2012)中规定的COD排放限值之比分别0.75的3类污水排放单位,其K值中位数分别为1.21、1.12、1.04。本研究可为纺织企业污水排放管理及监测值的修正提供参考。

关键词：纺织污水 COD监测统计分析

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