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Generation and regulation of electromagnetic pulses generated by femtosecond lasers interacting with multitargets

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 96-107页

作者： Ya-Dong Xia De-Feng Kong qiang-you He Zhen Guo Dong-Jun Zhang Tong Yang Hao Cheng Yu-Ze Li Yang Yan Xiao Liang Ping Zhu Xing-Long Xie Jian-qiang Zhu Ting-Shuai Li Chen Lin Wen-Jun Ma Xue-Qing Yan State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of HEDP of the Ministry of EducationCAPTPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center Beijing 101407China Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology Guangzhou 510540China National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and FineChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Ultrashort and powerful laser interactions with a target generate intense wideband electromagnetic pulses(EMPs).In this study,we report EMPs generated by the interactions between petawatt(30 fs,1.4×10^(20) W/cm^(2))femtosecond(fs)lasers with metal flat,plastic flat,and plastic nanowire-array(NWA)targets.Detailed analyses are conducted on the EMPs in terms of their spatial distribution,time and frequency domains,radiation energy,and protection.The results indicate that EMPs from metal targets exhibit larger amplitudes at varying angles than those generated by other types of targets and are enhanced significantly for NWA targets.Using a plastic target holder and increasing the laser focal spot can significantly decrease the radiation energy of the EMPs.Moreover,the composite shielding materials indicate an effective shielding effect against EMPs.The simulation results show that the NWA targets exert a collimating effect on thermal electrons,which directly affects the distribution of EMPs.This study provides guidance for regulating EMPs by controlling the laser focal spot,target parameters,and target rod material and is beneficial for electromagnetic-shielding design.

关键词： Electromagnetic pulses Laser plasma interaction Electromagnetic shielding Electron distribution

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Elevated extracellular calcium ions accelerate the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells and decrease cisplatin sensitivity

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生物医学研究杂志:英文版 2023年第5期37卷 340-354页

作者： Haozhe Xu Yiming Zhou Jing Guo Tao Ling Yujie Xu Ting Zhao Chuanxin Shi Zhongping Su qiang you Department of Geriatrics Medical Center for Digestive Diseasesthe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210011China Affiliated Cancer Hospital&Institute Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510095China Department of Medical Oncology Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032China Division of General Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210011China Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityInstitute of Neuroendocrine TumorNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China.

Hepatoblastoma is the most frequent liver malignancy in children.HepG2 has been discovered as a hepatoblastoma-derived cell line and tends to form clumps in culture.Intriguingly,we observed that the addition of calcium ions reduced cell clumping and disassociated HepG2 cells.The calcium signal is in connection with a series of processes critical in the tumorigenesis.Here,we demonstrated that extracellular calcium ions induced morphological changes and enhanced the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HepG2 cells.Mechanistically,calcium ions promoted HepG2 proliferation and migration by up-regulating the phosphorylation levels of focal adhesion kinase(FAK),protein kinase B,and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.The inhibitor of FAK or Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinaseⅡ(CaMKⅡ)reversed the Ca2+-induced effects on HepG2 cells,including cell proliferation and migration,epithelial-mesenchymal transition protein expression levels,and phosphorylation levels of FAK and protein kinase B.Moreover,calcium ions decreased HepG2 cells'sensitivity to cisplatin.Furthermore,we found that the expression levels of FAK and CaMKⅡwere increased in hepatoblastoma.The group with high expression levels of FAK and CaMKⅡexhibited significantly lower ImmunoScore as well as CD8+T and NK cells.The expression of CaMKⅡwas positively correlated with that of PDCD1 and LAG3.Correspondingly,the expression of FAK was negatively correlated with that of TNFSF9,TNFRSF4,and TNFRSF18.Collectively,extracellular calcium accelerates HepG2 cell proliferation and migration via FAK and CaMKⅡand enhances cisplatin resistance.FAK and CaMKⅡshape immune cell infiltration and responses in tumor microenvironments,thereby serving as potential targets for hepatoblastoma.

关键词： HepG2 hepatoblastoma calcium ion FAK CaMKⅡ cisplatin resistance

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SARS-CoV-2 Nsp8 induces mitophagy by damaging mitochondria

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第4期38卷 520-530页

作者： Shan Zong Yan Wu Weiling Li qiang you Qian Peng Chenghai Wang Pin Wan Tao Bai Yanling Ma Binlian Sun Jialu Qiao Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences School of MedicineJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China State Key Laboratory of Virology Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research Hubei University of MedicineShiyan442000China Division of Gastroenterology Tongji Medical CollegeHua Zhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory DiseasesNHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary DiseasesUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHua Zhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Autophagy plays an important role in the interaction between viruses and host cells.SARS-CoV-2 infection can disrupt the autophagy process in target cells.However,the precise molecular mechanism is still unknown.In this study,we discovered that the Nsp8 of SARS-CoV-2 could cause an increasing accumulation of autophagosomes by preventing the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes.From further investigation,we found that Nsp8 was present on mitochondria and can damage mitochondria to initiate mitophagy.The results of experiments with immunofluorescence revealed that Nsp8 induced incomplete mitophagy.Moreover,both domains of Nsp8 orchestrated their function during Nsp8-induced mitophagy,in which the N-terminal domain colocalized with mitochondria and the C-terminal domain induced auto/mitophagy.This novel finding expands our understanding of the function of Nsp8 in promoting mitochondrial damage and inducing incomplete mitophagy,which helps us to understand the etiology of COVID-19 as well as open up new pathways for creating SARS-CoV-2 treatment methods.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Nsp8 Autophagy Mitophagy Mitochondrial damage

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Chitinase-3 like-protein-1 function and its role in diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 820-839页

作者： Ting Zhao Zhongping Su Yingchang Li Xiaoren Zhang qiang you Affiliated Cancer Hospital&Institute Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Biotherapy Department of GeriatricsSecond Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina

Non-enzymatic chitinase-3 like-protein-1(CHI3L1)belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 18.It binds to chitin,heparin,and hyaluronic acid,and is regulated by extracellular matrix changes,cytokines,growth factors,drugs,and stress.CHI3L1 is synthesized and secreted by a multitude of cells including macrophages,neutrophils,synoviocytes,chondrocytes,fibroblast-like cells,smooth muscle cells,and tumor cells.It plays a major role in tissue injury,inflammation,tissue repair,and remodeling responses.CHI3L1 has been strongly associated with diseases including asthma,arthritis,sepsis,diabetes,liver fibrosis,and coronary artery disease.Moreover,following its initial identification in the culture supernatant of the MG63 osteosarcoma cell line,CHI3L1 has been shown to be overexpressed in a wealth of both human cancers and animal tumor models.To date,interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2,transmembrane protein 219,galectin-3,chemo-attractant receptor-homologous 2,and CD44 have been identified as CHI3L1 receptors.CHI3L1 signaling plays a critical role in cancer cell growth,proliferation,invasion,metastasis,angiogenesis,activation of tumor-associated macrophages,and Th2 polarization of CD4+T cells.Interestingly,CHI3L1-based targeted therapy has been increasingly applied to the treatment of tumors including glioma and colon cancer as well as rheumatoid arthritis.This review summarizes the potential roles and mechanisms of CHI3L1 in oncogenesis and disease pathogenesis,then posits investigational strategies for targeted therapies.

关键词： diseases invasion drugs

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Triclosan inhibits the activation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts induced by lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2021年第3期35卷 206-215页

作者： Wei Shu Yanman Zhang Chen Zhang qiang you Hong Zhou Shuang Wen Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Department of Stomatology Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Biotherapeutics the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210011China.

Periodontitis is a highly prevalent,chronic,non-specific,and immunologically devastating disease of periodontal tissues,caused by microbial infection.This study aims to examine the efficacy and protective mechanism of triclosan(TCS),a bisphenolic,non-cationic component of oral care products,against periodontal inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide purified from Porphyromonas gingivalis(LPS-PG).TCS markedly downregulated interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,and IL-15 in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts(HPDLFs)treated with LPS-PG.By using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)approach,318 differentially expressed proteins(161 upregulated and 157 downregulated)were identified in TCS-pretreated HPDLFs.TCS upregulated HSPA5 and HSP90B1 but downregulated HSPA2.Besides,TCS upregulated miR-548i in HPDLFs,which downregulated IL-15.These results indicate that TCS attenuates the activation of HPDLFs and downregulates the inflammatory cytokines through various mechanisms,thus highlighting its protective role in periodontal inflammation.

关键词： human periodontal ligament fibroblasts lipopolysaccharide triclosan heat shock protein

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矿物溶解再沉淀过程研究综述

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矿物岩石地球化学通报 2024年第1期43卷 240-258页

作者：李富杰齐有强弓昊天中国科学院地球化学研究所矿床地球化学国家重点实验室贵阳550081 中国科学院大学北京100049

溶解再沉淀过程可促进矿物-流体之间充分的反应,使一些元素再次迁移富集,在许多地质过程中扮演着重要角色。近年来,随着聚焦离子束透射电镜(FIB-TEM)、纳米二次离子质谱仪(Nano-SIMS)等制样观测及精细分析技术的发展,矿物界面化学研究... 详细信息

溶解再沉淀过程可促进矿物-流体之间充分的反应,使一些元素再次迁移富集,在许多地质过程中扮演着重要角色。近年来,随着聚焦离子束透射电镜(FIB-TEM)、纳米二次离子质谱仪(Nano-SIMS)等制样观测及精细分析技术的发展,矿物界面化学研究取得了众多成果。已有研究证实,在低温、溶剂存在的条件下,溶解再沉淀过程相对于固体扩散是更高效的物质交换机制。本文回顾了溶解再沉淀过程的研究历史,综述了近20年来取得的主要研究进展,包括不同矿物相(硅酸盐、磷酸盐、碳酸盐矿物及氧化物、硫化物等)中主要鉴别结构特征、元素迁移富集规律及主要观测分析手段,系统总结了溶解再沉淀过程的主要影响因素,最后展望了其发展方向。

关键词：溶解再沉淀过程交代反应成矿作用矿物相界面化学

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高压工业管道焊缝泄漏信号数值模拟

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化工机械 2024年第2期51卷 223-228页

作者：陈有强青海油田监督监理公司特种设备检验所

高压工业管道焊缝泄漏信号高精度数值模拟可帮助后期相关信号传感器的设计与研究,保障工业现场安全。分别建立泄漏过程中物质质量、动量和能量守恒方程,通过湍动能和耗散率描述风场环境,分析壁面粗糙程度,利用湍流方程描述湍流形成过程... 详细信息

高压工业管道焊缝泄漏信号高精度数值模拟可帮助后期相关信号传感器的设计与研究,保障工业现场安全。分别建立泄漏过程中物质质量、动量和能量守恒方程,通过湍动能和耗散率描述风场环境,分析壁面粗糙程度,利用湍流方程描述湍流形成过程,建立焊缝泄漏模型;将上述模型耦合到FLUENT软件中,确立模拟区域,合理划分线网格与面网格,针对风速入口、泄漏入口、出口和地表设定边界条件,提高模拟结果的合理性。将天然气高压工业管道作为模拟对象,模拟结果显示,泄漏位置的泄漏速度越快,湍流扩散范围越大;距离泄漏点越近的地方,泄漏物质浓度越高,模拟结果和实测结果的误差越小,模拟方法能为泄漏事故解决措施提供合理依据。

关键词：高压工业管道管道焊缝泄漏信号数值模拟 FLUENT软件

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玉米须多酚-羧甲基壳聚糖复合膜对冷鲜牛肉的保鲜作用

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粮食与油脂 2024年第5期37卷 54-59,103页

作者：白友强张坦李斌斌青岛酒店管理职业技术学院山东青岛266100 新疆农垦科学院农产品加工研究所新疆石河子832000

以玉米须多酚(P-CS)与羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCS)为原料,制备玉米须多酚-羧甲基壳聚糖(P-CS/CMCS)复合膜,考察2种原料质量比对P-CS/CMCS复合膜力学及阻水性能的影响,并研究P-CS/CMCS复合膜对冷鲜牛肉的保鲜效果。结果表明:当CMCS与P-CS质量比为... 详细信息

以玉米须多酚(P-CS)与羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCS)为原料,制备玉米须多酚-羧甲基壳聚糖(P-CS/CMCS)复合膜,考察2种原料质量比对P-CS/CMCS复合膜力学及阻水性能的影响,并研究P-CS/CMCS复合膜对冷鲜牛肉的保鲜效果。结果表明:当CMCS与P-CS质量比为1∶1时,制得的P-CS/CMCS复合膜具有良好的力学与阻水性能,拉伸强度为4.52 MPa,断裂伸长率为42.67%,水蒸气透过系数为0.403 g·mm/(m^(2)·h·kPa);红外光谱证实2种原料已产生相互作用。在3~5℃冷藏9 d后,与未处理和CMCS膜处理的冷鲜牛肉相比,P-CS/CMCS复合膜可明显延缓牛肉样品的pH、汁液损失率、总挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)含量及菌落总数的增长幅度,同时牛肉样品的色泽未有较大变化,且在冷藏第9天时仍有食用价值。

关键词：玉米须多酚羧甲基壳聚糖牛肉保鲜作用复合膜

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MMC水冷系统故障分析与参数设计

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机械设计与制造 2024年第2期396卷 338-342,348页

作者：刘泳夏冰杨光郭有强国网江苏省电力有限公司南京供电分公司江苏南京210019

水冷系统是模块化多电平换流器(Modular Multilevel Converter,MMC)必不可少的辅助系统,其正常运行是换流阀可靠工作的保证。这里以南京220 kV模块化多电平统一潮流控制器(Modular Multilevel Unified Power Flow Controller,MMUPFC)为... 详细信息

水冷系统是模块化多电平换流器(Modular Multilevel Converter,MMC)必不可少的辅助系统,其正常运行是换流阀可靠工作的保证。这里以南京220 kV模块化多电平统一潮流控制器(Modular Multilevel Unified Power Flow Controller,MMUPFC)为研究对象,对MMUPFC及换流阀水冷系统进行了结构介绍。其次,针对目前MMUPFC正常运行时水冷系统去离子支路出现漏气的问题,在ANSYS-FLUENT仿真软件中对MMUPFC水冷系统去离子罐内液-气进行了多相流仿真建模,对故障形成机理进行了理论分析和研究。通过仿真研究,对水冷系统去离子罐内液位参数进行了设计。最后,在南京220kV MMUPFC换流站对水冷系统参数设计进行了实验验证,实验结果验证了这里设计的正确性和合理性。

关键词：模块化多电平换流器换流阀水冷系统多相流仿真建模漏气故障液位设计

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CXCL5/CXCR2 axis in tumor microenvironment as potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target

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Cancer Communications 2020年第2期40卷 69-80页

作者： Wen Zhang Huishan Wang Mingyang Sun Xueting Deng Xueru Wu Yilan Ma Mengjing Li Said Maisam Shuoa qiang you Lin Miao Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011JiangsuP.R.China Department of Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011JiangsuP.R.China Department of Biotherapy The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011JiangsuP.R.China Key Laboratory for Aging and Disease Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011JiangsuP.R.China

The components of the tumor microenvironment(TME)in solid tumors,especially chemokines,are currently attracting much attention from scientists.C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5(CXCL5)is one of the important chemokines in TME.Over-expression of CXCL5 is closely related to the survival time,recurrence and metasta-sis of cancer patients.In TME,CXCL5 binds to its receptors,such as C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2(CXCR2),to participate in the recruitment of immune cells and promote angiogenesis,tumor growth,and metastasis.The CXCL5/CXCR2 axis can act as a bridge between tumor cells and host cells in TME.Blocking the trans-mission of CXCL5/CXCR2 signals can increase the sensitivity and effectiveness of immunotherapy and slow down tumor progression.CXCL5 and CXCR2 are also regarded as biomarkers for predicting prognosis and molecular targets for customiz-ing the treatment.In this review,we summarized the current literature regarding the biological functions and clinical significance of CXCL5/CXCR2 axis in TME.The possibility to use CXCL5 and CXCR2 as potential prognostic biomarkers and thera-peutic targets in cancer is also discussed.

关键词： biomarker CXCL5 CXCR2 molecular targeted therapy tumor microenvironment

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