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Efficient microresonator frequency combs

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eLight 2024年第1期4卷 76-89页

作者： qi‑fan yang Yaowen Hu Victor Torres‑Company Kerry Vahala State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano‑optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijingChina John Paulson School of Engineering and applied science Harvard UniversityCambridgeBostonUSA Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden T.J.Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUSA

The rapid development of optical frequency combs from their table-top origins towards chip-scale platforms has opened up exciting possibilities for comb functionalities outside *** nonlinear processes in microresonators have emerged as a mainstream comb-generating mechanism with compelling advantages in size,weight,and power *** established understanding of gain and loss in nonlinear microresonators,along with recently developed ultralow-loss nonlinear photonic circuitry,has boosted the optical energy conversion efficiency of microresonator frequency comb(microcomb)devices from below a few percent to above 50%.This review summarizes the latest advances in novel photonic devices and pumping strategies that contribute to these milestones of microcomb *** resulting benefits for high-performance integration of comb applications are also discussed before summarizing the remaining challenges.

关键词： Optical frequency comb Optical microresonator Nonlinear photonics

Neural stem cell transplantation alleviates functional cognitive deficits in a mouse model of tauopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 152-162页

作者： He-Ao Zhang Chun-Xu Yuan Ke-Fu Liu qi-fan yang Juan Zhao Hui Li qing-Hu yang Da Song Zhen-Zhen Quan Hong qing Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina

The mechanisms of the transplantation of neural stem cells(NSCs)in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease remain poorly *** this study,NSCs were transplanted into the hippocampal CA1 region of the rTg(tau P301L)4510 mouse model,a tauopathy model that is thought to reflect the tau pathology associated with Alzheimer’s *** results revealed that NSC transplantation reduced the abnormal aggregation of tau,resulting in significant improvements in the short-term memory of the tauopathy model *** with wild-type and phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)-treated mice,mice that received NSC transplantations were characterized by changes in the expression of multiple proteins in brain tissue,particularly those related to the regulation of tau aggregation or *** Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis and Gene Ontology(GO)function analysis revealed that these proteins were primarily enriched in pathways associated with long-term potentiation,neurogenesis,and other neurobiological *** in the expression levels of key proteins were verified by western blot *** data provided clues to improve the understanding of the functional capacity associated with NSC transplantation in Alzheimer’s disease *** study was approved by the Beijing Animal Ethics Association and Ethics Committee of Beijing Institute of Technology(approval ***-BIT-school of life science-2017-M03)in 2017.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease cell transplantation neural differentiation neural stem cells proteomic analysis short-term memory tauopathy

Thermal effect of the accumulated water with different depths on permafrost subgrade in cold regions

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第2期14卷 179-189页

作者： Er-Xing PENG Xiao-Ying HU Yu SHENG Ji-Chun WU Wei CAO qi-fan yang Xiang-Bin ZHAO Ji CHEN State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Civil Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Beiluhe Observation and Research Station on Frozen Soil Engineering and Environment in qinghai‒Tibet Plateau State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil EngineeringNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

In cold regions,the thermal effect of accumulated water on underlying permafrost and permafrost subgrade remains a significant hazard causing engineering *** depth of accumulated water may be an important influence factor of permafrost thermal stability,but there is lack of qualitative and quantitative research about *** this study,equivalent thermal conductivity theory and solid heat transfer theory have been used to establish the calculation model for simulating heat transfer in water and ***,the accuracy and reliability of the calculation model are checked by monitored data and subsequently used to analyze the thermal erosion of water on underlying permafrost and permafrost under the *** simulation results show that shallow water can protect permafrost and deeper water disrupts the thermal stability of underlying *** thermal effect extent of water is primarily determined by its depth,and the concept of critical depth and stable depth of accumulated water has been ***,the temperature field of permafrost under embankment can be changed by the slope toe *** addition,the thermal effect range of the slope toe water is limited by the thermal influence radius,which increases with the depth of standing *** findings provide support as well as a fundamental base for environmental issues arising from the accumulated *** observations will,thus,also be valuable to further engineering environment studies in cold regions.

关键词： Accumulated water Water depth Permafrost Embankment Thermal effect

A Novel Signature Combing Cuproptosis-and Ferroptosis Related Genes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2024年第4期39卷 261-272页

作者： Rou-Rou fang qi-fan yang Jing Zhao Shou-Zhu Xu School of Public Health Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712046ShaanxiChina Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Acupuncture&Medicine Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyang 712046ShaanxiChina

Objective To identify cuproptosis-and ferroptosis-related genes involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and to determine the diagnostic value of hub *** The gene expression dataset GSE89632 was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)group and the healthy group using the'limma'package in R software and weighted gene co-expression network *** ontology,kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway,and single-sample gene set enrichment analyses were performed to identify functional enrichment of ***-and cuproptosis-related genes were obtained from the FerrDb V2 database and available literatures,respectively.A combined signature for cuproptosis-and ferroptosis-related genes,called CRF,was constructed using the STRING *** genes were identified by overlapping DEGs,WGCNA-derived key genes,and combined signature CRF genes,and validated using the GSE109836 and GSE227714 datasets and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.A nomogram of NASH diagnostic model was established utilizing the'rms'package in R software based on the hub genes,and the diagnostic value of hub genes was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve *** addition,immune cell infiltration in NASH versus healthy controls was examined using the CIBERSORT *** relationships among various infiltrated immune cells were explored with Spearman's correlation *** Analysis of GSE89632 identified 236 DEGs between the NASH group and the healthy *** highlighted 8 significant modules and 11,095 pivotal genes,of which 330 genes constituted *** analysis identified IL6,IL1B,JUN,NR4A1,and PTGS2 as hub *** hub genes were all downregulated in the NASH group,and this result was further verified by the NASH validation dataset and real-time quantitative polymerase chain *** operating ch

关键词： nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cuproptosis ferroptosis bioinformatics analysis

Sex differences in human pre-gastrulation embryos

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 397-415页

作者： Yongjie Lu Meng qin Xintong qi Ming yang fan Zhai Jiaqi Zhang Zhiqiang Yan Liying Yan Jie qiao Peng Yuan State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion Center for Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology(Peking University Third Hospital) Beijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100191China Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology Beijing 100191China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Human fetuses exhibit notable sex differences in growth rate and response to the intrauterine environment,yet their origins and underlying mechanisms remain ***,we conduct a detailed investigation of sex differences in human pre-gastrulation *** lower methylation and incomplete inactivation of the X chromosome in females,as well as the sex-specific cell-cell communication patterns,contribute to sex-differential *** trophectoderm is more inclined toward syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and exhibits a stronger hormone secretion capacity,while female trophectoderm tends to retain cytotrophoblast program with stronger mitochondrial function as well as higher vasculogenesis and immunotolerance *** primitive endoderm initiates the anterior visceral endoderm transcriptional program earlier than *** cell cycle activities of the epiblast and primitive endoderm are higher in males compared to females,while the situation is opposite in the *** conclusion,our study provides in-depth insights into the sex differences in human pre-gastrulation embryos and contributes to unraveling the origins of the sex differences in human fetal development.

关键词： human embryo sex difference trophectoderm primitive endoderm epiblast

The effect of fine grits and fine debris concentrations on the MLVSS/MLSS ratio of an activated sludge system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 607-616页

作者： Zhao Jiang Zhiheng Xia Shuai Liu qiWei Haitao fan Lu qi Guohua Liu Hongchen Wang Low-carbon Water Environment Technology Research Center School of Environment&Natural ResourcesRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

This study embarks on an explorative investigation into the effects of typical concentrations and varying particle sizes of fine grits(FG,the involatile portion of suspended solids)and fine debris(FD,the volatile yet unbiodegradable fraction of suspended solids)within the influent on themixed liquor volatile suspended solids(MLVSS)/mixed liquor suspended solids(MLSS)ratio of an activated sludge *** meticulous experimentation,it was discerned that the addition of FG or FD,the particle size of FG,and the concentration of FD bore no substantial impact on the pollutant removal efficiency(denoted by the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen)under constant operational ***,a notable decrease in the MLVSS/MLSS ratio was observed with a typical FG concentration of 20 mg/L,with smaller FG particle sizes exacerbating this ***,variations in FD concentrations influenced both MLSS andMLVSS/MLSS ratios;a higher FD concentration led to an increased MLSS and a reduced MLVSS/MLSS ratio,indicating FD accumulation in the system.A predictive model for MLVSS/MLSS was constructed based on quality balance calculations,offering a tool for foreseeing the MLVSS/MLSS ratio under stable long-term influent conditions of FG and *** model,validated using data from the BXH wastewater treatment plant(WWTP),showcased remarkable accuracy.

关键词： Fine grits and fine debris Activated sludge system MLVSS/MLSS ratio Predictive model

Single-cell technologies: current and near future

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 1-4页

作者： Chenfei Wang qi Liu Xiaohui fan Tieliu Shi KeyLaboratory of Spine and Spinal CordInjury Repairand Regeneration Ministry of EducationOrthopedics DepartmentTongji HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchoolofLifeSciencesandTechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200082China Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200082China Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314103China Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biologythe Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science(MOE) School of StatisticsEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

Single-cell technologies enable the indepth exploration of multiple biological hierarchies at the scale of individual cells,which have deepened our knowledge of cellular diversity,tissue organization,and overall organism function(Sun et al.,2024).In 2009,single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was first developed as a powerful tool to dissect gene expression and uncover transcriptional *** the rapid advancement of technology,single-cell approaches have expanded to encompass other omics,such as genomics,epigenomics,proteomics,and ***,multimodal technologies including spatially resolved transcriptomics and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)screening at the single-cell level further advanced our ability to comprehensively understand cellular ***-cell methods provide deeper insights into disease mechanisms across various conditions,including cancer,developmental disorders,and aging-associated *** this issue,we focus on topics related to single-cell methods,covering the following four aspects:(i)single-cell multi-omic sequencing technology;(ii)single-cell spatial technology;(iii)singlecell CRISPR screening technology;(iv)applications of single-cell technology.

关键词： expanded enable insight

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Coupling ideality of standing-wave supermode microresonators

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1610-1618页

作者： MIN WANG YUECHEN LEI ZHI-GANG HU CHENGHAO LAO YUANLEI WANG XIN ZHOU JINCHENG LI qi-fan yang BEI-BEI LI Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Standing-wave supermode microresonators that are created through the strong coupling between counter-propagating modes have emerged as versatile platforms for sensing and nonlinear *** example,these microresonators have shown potential in nanoparticle sizing and counting,as well as enhancing the single-photon optomechanical coupling rate of stimulated Brillouin ***,it has been observed that the relation between the mode linewidth and on-resonance transmission of the split supermodes differs obviously from that of the non-split *** behavior is typically quantified by the coupling ideality(I),which remains inadequately explored for the standing-wave *** this study,we theoretically and experimentally investigate the coupling ideality of standing-wave supermodes in a commonly employed configuration involving a Si O2microresonator side-coupled to a tapered *** findings demonstrate that,even with a single-mode tapered fiber,the coupling ideality of the standing-wave supermodes is limited to 0.5,due to the strong backscattering-induced energy loss into the counter-propagating direction,resulting in an additional equivalent parasitic *** achieving a coupling ideality of 0.5 presents challenges for reaching over-coupled regimes,it offers a convenient approach for adjusting the total linewidth of the modes while maintaining critically-coupled conditions.

关键词： ideality mode wave

Visible light excitation on CuPd/TiN with enhanced chemisorption for catalyzing Heck reaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 362-368页

作者： Xuhui fan fan Wang Mengjiao Li Faiza Meharban Yaying Li Yuanyuan Cui Xiaopeng Li Jingsan Xu qi Xiao Wei Luo State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China National Energy R&D Center for Coal to Liquid Fuels Synfuels China Technology Co.Ltd.Beijing 101407China Shimadzu(China)Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200233China School of Chemistry and Physics&Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia

In this work,we developed plasmonic photocatalyst composed of Cu Pd alloy nanoparticles supported on Ti N,the optimized Cu_(3)Pd_(2)/Ti N catalyst shows excellent conversion(>96%)and selectivity(>99%)for Heck reaction at 50℃ under visible light *** in-situ spectroscopic investigations,we find that visible light excitation could achieve stable metallic Cu species on the surface of Cu Pd alloy nanoparticles,thereby eliminating the inevitable surface oxides of Cu based *** in-situ formed metallic Cu species under irradiation take advantage of the strong interactions of Cu with visible light,and manifest in the localized surface plasmon resonances(LSPR)*** light excitation could further promote the charge transfer between catalytic Pd component and the support Ti N,resulting in electron-rich Pd sites on Cu Pd/Ti ***,light excitation on Cu Pd/Ti N generates strong chemisorption of iodobenzene and styrene,favoring the activation of reactants for Heck *** calculations suggest that electron-rich Cu Pd sites ideally lower the activation energy barrier for the coupling *** work provides valuable insights for mechanistic understanding of plasmonic photocatalysis.

关键词： Photocatalysis CuPd alloy Chemisorption Photocatalytic mechanism LSPR