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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:PERK as a potential target for intervention

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1455-1466页

作者： Ju Zheng Yixin Li Ting Zhang Yanlin Fu Peiyan long Xiao Gao Zhengwei Wang Zhizhong Guan Xiaolan qi Wei Hong Yan Xiao Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases Ministry of Education&Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou ProvinceGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Histology and Embryology Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry GuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina

Several studies have shown that activation of unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress plays a crucial role in severe cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Autophagy occurs within hours after cerebral ischemia,but the relationship between ER stress and autophagy remains unclear.In this study,we established experimental models using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in PC12 cells and primary neurons to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.We found that prolongation of oxygen-glucose deprivation activated the ER stress pathway protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha(e IF2α)-activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)-C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP),increased neuronal apoptosis,and induced autophagy.Furthermore,inhibition of ER stress using inhibitors or by si RNA knockdown of the PERK gene significantly attenuated excessive autophagy and neuronal apoptosis,indicating an interaction between autophagy and ER stress and suggesting PERK as an essential target for regulating autophagy.Blocking autophagy with chloroquine exacerbated ER stress-induced apoptosis,indicating that normal levels of autophagy play a protective role in neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.Findings from this study indicate that cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury can trigger neuronal ER stress and promote autophagy,and suggest that PERK is a possible target for inhibiting excessive autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

关键词： apoptosis ATF4 autophagy C/EBP homologous protein cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury eIF2α endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK

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基于桥梁响应的高速列车横向摇摆力取值研究

铁道工程学报 2024年第5期41卷 28-33,40页

作者：李奇揭崇清石龙同济大学上海200092 高速铁路轨道技术国家重点实验室北京100081

研究目的:列车的横向摇摆力是桥梁结构横向刚度设计的重要影响因素,然而现行设计横向摇摆力取值未充分考虑动力作用。本文采用车桥耦合仿真分析方法,分析列车车速、桥梁跨度和墩高对横向动力响应的影响。结合移动荷载列过桥理论,研究桥... 详细信息

研究目的:列车的横向摇摆力是桥梁结构横向刚度设计的重要影响因素,然而现行设计横向摇摆力取值未充分考虑动力作用。本文采用车桥耦合仿真分析方法,分析列车车速、桥梁跨度和墩高对横向动力响应的影响。结合移动荷载列过桥理论,研究桥梁横向基频与横向动力响应之间的关系,得到桥梁横向共振发生条件。根据运营活载动效应不大于设计活载动效应的原则,通过设计横向摇摆力乘以横向动力放大系数的方式来更全面地考虑横向摇摆力的动力作用。研究结论:(1)在特定的速度范围内,桥梁结构的横向动力响应超过了设计横向摇摆力计算得出的静力响应,现行设计横向摇摆力取值偏于不安全;(2)简支梁的横向动力响应与跨度之间没有明显的相关性,墩高的影响更加显著,横向动力峰值出现的速度区间随着墩高的增加而减小;(3)对于横向基频在3.5~5 Hz范围内的简支梁,横向动力放大系数可取1.44,而在其他频率范围内,可以不考虑动力放大系数修正;(4)本研究可为高速列车横向摇摆力设计取值提供参考与借鉴。

关键词：车桥耦合高速铁路横向摇摆力共振

Postoperative accurate pain assessment of children and artificial intelligence: A medical hypothesis and planned study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第4期12卷 681-687页

作者： Jian-Ming Yue qi Wang Bin Liu Leng Zhou Department of Anesthesiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

Although the pediatric perioperative pain management has been improved in recent years,the valid and reliable pain assessment tool in perioperative period of children remains a challenging task.Pediatric perioperative pain management is intractable not only because children cannot express their emotions accurately and objectively due to their inability to describe physiological characteristics of feeling which are different from those of adults,but also because there is a lack of effective and specific assessment tool for children.In addition,exposure to repeated painful stimuli early in life is known to have short and long-term adverse sequelae.The short-term sequelae can induce a series of neurological,endocrine,cardiovascular system stress related to psychological trauma,while long-term sequelae may alter brain maturation process,which can lead to impair neurodevelopmental,behavioral,and cognitive function.Children’s facial expressions largely reflect the degree of pain,which has led to the developing of a number of pain scoring tools that will help improve the quality of pain mana-gement in children if they are continually studied in depth.The artificial inte-lligence(AI)technology represented by machine learning has reached an unprecedented level in image processing of deep facial models through deep convolutional neural networks,which can effectively identify and systematically analyze various subtle features of children’s facial expressions.Based on the construction of a large database of images of facial expressions in children with perioperative pain,this study proposes to develop and apply automatic facial pain expression recognition software using AI technology.The study aims to improve the postoperative pain management for pediatric population and the short-term and long-term quality of life for pediatric patients after operational event.

关键词： Pediatric Perioperative pain Assessment tool Facial expression Machine learning Artificial intelligence

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从日本最新指南看心肌炎诊治的更新

临床心血管病杂志 2024年第2期40卷 81-84页

作者：袁璟龙琦华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院心内科武汉430022 生物靶向治疗研究湖北省重点实验室心血管疾病免疫诊疗湖北省工程研究中心

日本循环学会于2023年3月发布了《2023JCS心肌炎诊断和治疗指南》,结合近年研究进展,对心肌炎分类、诊断、预后、治疗以及特殊类型心肌炎等内容进行更新。本文就2023JCS指南的部分要点进行提炼和解读,以期为我国临床医生管理心肌炎患者... 详细信息

日本循环学会于2023年3月发布了《2023JCS心肌炎诊断和治疗指南》,结合近年研究进展,对心肌炎分类、诊断、预后、治疗以及特殊类型心肌炎等内容进行更新。本文就2023JCS指南的部分要点进行提炼和解读,以期为我国临床医生管理心肌炎患者提供一定的实践指导。

关键词：心肌炎慢性炎症性心肌病日本循环学会 JCS指南

融合多尺度Transformer的皮肤病变分割算法

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吉林大学学报（工学版） 2024年第4期54卷 1086-1098页

作者：梁礼明周珑颂尹江盛校棋江西理工大学电气工程与自动化学院江西赣州341000 华南理工大学计算机科学与工程学院广东广州510006

针对现有皮肤病变图像分割时缺乏多尺度特征提取,从而导致细节信息缺失和病变区域误分割的问题,本文提出一种融合多尺度Transformer的编解码网络皮肤病变分割算法。首先运用Transformer模块构建分层编码器,分层编码器从全局特征变化角... 详细信息

针对现有皮肤病变图像分割时缺乏多尺度特征提取,从而导致细节信息缺失和病变区域误分割的问题,本文提出一种融合多尺度Transformer的编解码网络皮肤病变分割算法。首先运用Transformer模块构建分层编码器,分层编码器从全局特征变化角度出发,多尺度分析皮肤病变区域;然后利用多尺度融合模块、通道注意力模块和联合层构建融合解码器,多尺度融合模块互补分层编码器中浅层网络信息与深层网络信息,增强空间信息和语义信息间的依赖关系,通道注意力模块能够有效识别特征丰富的通道,提高算法分割精度;最后引入扩展模块恢复图像大小以匹配实际需求。将该算法在ISBI2016、ISBI2017和ISIC2018三个公共数据集上进行实验测试,其像素精度分别为96.70%、94.50%和95.39%,平均交并比分别为91.69%、85.74%和89.29%,算法测试整体性能优于现有算法。仿真实验证明,多尺度Transformer编解码网络能够有效地分割皮肤病变图像。

关键词：计算机应用技术皮肤病变图像分割 Transformer 多尺度融合模块通道注意力模块

Mechanical behaviors of warm and ice-rich frozen soil stabilized with sulphoaluminate cement

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 335-345页

作者： WANG Honglei ZHANG Hu ZHANG Jianming ZHANG qi YIN Zhenhua State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Civil Engineering and Transportation Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China National Key Laboratory of Green and long-Life Road Engineering in Extreme Environment CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.LtdXi'an 710065China Railway Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijing 100081China

The warm and ice-rich frozen soil is characterized by high unfrozen water content, low shear strength and large compressibility, which is unreliable to meet the stability requirements of engineering infrastructures and foundations in permafrost regions. In this study, a novel approach for stabilizing the warm and ice-rich frozen soil with sulphoaluminate cement was proposed based on chemical stabilization. The mechanical behaviors of the stabilized soil, such as strength and stress-strain relationship, were investigated through a series of triaxial compression tests conducted at -1.0℃, and the mechanism of strength variations of the stabilized soil was also explained based on scanning electron microscope test. The investigations indicated that the strength of stabilized soil to resist failure has been improved, and the linear Mohr-Coulomb criteria can accurately reflect the shear strength of stabilized soil under various applied confining pressure. The increase in both curing age and cement mixing ratio were favorable to the growth of cohesion and internal friction angle. More importantly, the strength improvement mechanism of the stabilized soil is attributed to the formation of structural skeleton and the generation of cementitious hydration products within itself. Therefore, the investigations conducted in this study provide valuable references for chemical stabilization of warm and ice-rich frozen ground, thereby providing a basis for in-situ ground improvement for reinforcing warm and ice-rich permafrost foundations by soil-cement column installation.

关键词： Permafrost regions Frozen soil Mechanical behavior Chemical stabilization Ground improvement Ground modification

Rare earth fluorescent nanoprobes with minimal side effects enable tumor microenvironment activation for chemotherapy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 256-262,I0001页

作者： Tianqi Cao Yuxin Liu qi Jia Xiaolu Wang Shouqiang Zhang Jing Zhou Department of Chemistry Capital Normal UniversityBeijing100048China

Chemotherapy,the use of antitumor drugs to kill cancer cells,is currently one of the most effective treatments for cancer.However,serious toxic side effects caused by long-term drug accumulation can cause significant damage to the body,which limits the clinical application of antitumor drugs.In this study,a novel RENPs@DOX-Fe nanoprobe(NP) was constructed by coating the surface of rare earth nanomaterials(NaLuF_(4):Yb,Er) with a complex formed by doxorubicin(DOX) and iron ion(Ⅲ).Due to the low toxicity of anthracycline-metal complexes,the damage to normal cells is reduced.The unique acidic microenvironment in tumor cells facilitates the decomposition and gradual release of DOX from the DOX-Fe complex.In addition,the DOX-Fe complex can convert near-infrared(NIR) light into heat energy,which promotes the decomposition of the complex,further enhancing the release of DOX in the tumor environment.The change of ratio fluorescence of rare earth nanomaterials at 660 and 1550 nm after DOX release enables visual monitoring of drug release,which can potentially improve the chemotherapeutic effect.In vitro experiments established that RENPs@DOX-Fe NPs with NIR illumination had good therapeutic efficacy in tumors.This work provides new insights into designing tumor microenvironment-responsive nanoprobes for chemotherapy with minimal side effects.

关键词： Rare earth nanoprobes Fluorescence Ratiometric imaging DOX Chemotherapy

Prediction of high-embankment settlement combining joint denoising technique and enhanced GWO-v-SVR method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 317-332页

作者： qi Zhang qian Su Zongyu Zhang Zhixing Deng De Chen School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina MOE Key Laboratory of High Speed Railway Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduChina

Reliable long-term settlement prediction of a high embankment relates to mountain infrastructure safety.This study developed a novel hybrid model(NHM)that combines a joint denoising technique with an enhanced gray wolf optimizer(EGWO)-n-support vector regression(n-SVR)method.High-embankment field measurements were preprocessed using the joint denoising technique,which in-cludes complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition,singular value decomposition,and wavelet packet transform.Furthermore,high-embankment settlements were predicted using the EGWO-n-SVR method.In this method,the standard gray wolf optimizer(GWO)was improved to obtain the EGWO to better tune the n-SVR model hyperparameters.The proposed NHM was then tested in two case studies.Finally,the influences of the data division ratio and kernel function on the EGWO-n-SVR forecasting performance and prediction efficiency were investigated.The results indicate that the NHM suppresses noise and restores details in high-embankment field measurements.Simultaneously,the NHM out-performs other alternative prediction methods in prediction accuracy and robustness.This demonstrates that the proposed NHM is effective in predicting high-embankment settlements with noisy field mea-surements.Moreover,the appropriate data division ratio and kernel function for EGWO-n-SVR are 7:3 and radial basis function,respectively.

关键词： High embankment Settlement prediction Joint denoising technique Enhanced gray wolf optimizer Support vector regression

Structure,electronic,and nonlinear optical properties of superalkaline M_(3)O(M=Li,Na)doped cyclo[18]carbon

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 311-317页

作者：刘晓东卢其亮罗其全 School of Physics and Material Science Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Cyclo[18]carbon has received considerable attention thanks to its novel geometric configuration and special electronic structure.Superalkalis have low ionization energy.Doping a superalkali in cyclo[18]carbon is an effective method to improve the optical properties of the system because considerable electron transfer occurs.In this paper,the geometry,bonding properties,electronic structure,absorption spectrum,and nonlinear optical(NLO)properties of superalkaline M_(3)O(M=Li,Na)-doped cyclo[18]carbon were studied by using density functional theory.M_(3)O and the C_(18) rings are not coplanar.The C_(18) ring still exhibits alternating long and short bonds.The charge transfer between M_(3)O and C_(18) forms stable[M_(3)O]+[C_(18)]-ionic complexes.C_(18)M_(3)O(M=Li,Na)shows striking optical nonlinearity,i.e.,their first-and second-order hyperpolarizability(βvec andγ||)increase considerably atλ=1907 nm and 1460 nm.

关键词： superalkaline doped cyclocarbon structure and electronic properties nonlinear optical properties density functional theory(DFT)