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Tightening the Penrose inequality

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第12期65卷 122-130页

作者： Hossein Khodabakhshi hong Lü Run-qiu Yang Center for Joint Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsSchool of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China

The Penrose inequality estimates the lower bound of the mass of a black hole in terms of the area of its horizon.This bound is relatively loose for extremal or near extremal black holes.We propose a new Penrose-like inequality for static black holes involving the mass,area of the black hole event horizon and temperature.Our inequality includes the Penrose inequality as its corollary,and it is saturated by both the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstr?m black holes.In the spherically symmetric case,we prove this new inequality by assuming both the null and trace energy conditions.

关键词： black hole Penrose-like inequality trace energy condition

Tidal Bore Dynamics Around the Similar Right-Angle Shoreline in the Qiantang Estuary,China

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China Ocean Engineering 2022年第5期36卷 827-838页

作者： WANG qiu-shun PAN Cun-hong CHEN Fu-yuan Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary Hangzhou 310020China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Estuary and Coast Hangzhou 310020China

Tidal bores are a unique hydrodynamic phenomenon during flood tide in the Qiantang Estuary.The tidal bore propagation around the similar right-angle shoreline is rarely documented in tidal estuaries.To investigate tidal bores around this shoreline,a hydrodynamic model combined with a theoretical method is employed to reveal the characteristics of the bore propagation.The theoretical solution of the tidal bore intensity is deduced to illustrate the relationship of the incident tidal bores and the back-flow bores during the propagation.The hydrodynamic model based on shallow water equation is employed to perform the simulation of tidal bores in the estuary.Model results with respect to the bore height and the propagation speed of tidal bores have a favourable agreement with field data.The tidal bore dynamics in the neighborhood of the similar right-angle shoreline are elucidated.The characteristics of tidal bores in terms of water surface,velocity,bore steepness and the intensity are illustrated and the back-flow bore is analyzed by numerical and theoretical methods around the similar right-angle shoreline.The height of the back-flow bore relative to the incident tidal bore ranges from 1.05 to 1.77.Model result reveals that the ambient water depth and the shape of the similar right-angle shoreline are contributed to the back-flow bore formation.

关键词： back-flow bore numerical model shallow water equation Qiantang Estuary tidal bores

Effects of Hydrogen Charging Time and Pressure on the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility of X52 Pipeline Steel Material

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 293-307页

作者： hong-Jiang Wan Xiao-Qi Wu hong-Liang Ming Jian-qiu Wang En-Hou Han School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology Guangzhou510530China

The effects of hydrogen charging time and pressure on the hydrogen embrittlement(HE)susceptibility of X52 pipeline steel material are studied by slow strain rate tensile tests.The fracture morphologies of the specimens are observed by scanning electron microscopy.The HE susceptibility of the X52 pipeline steel material increases with an increase in both hydrogen charging time and hydrogen pressure.At a charging time of 96 h,the HE susceptibility index reaches 45.86%,approximately 3.6 times that at a charging time of 0 h.Similarly,a charging pressure of 4 MPa results in a HE susceptibility index of 31.61%,approximately 2.5 times higher than that at a charging pressure of 0.3 MPa.

关键词： Hydrogen embrittlement X52 pipeline steel material Tubular specimen Hydrogen charging time Hydrogen charging pressure

Effects of volatile anesthetic preconditioning on expression of NFkB-regulated genes in aged rat myocardium

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2019年第4期33卷 264-270页

作者： Caiyun Zhong hong qiu Jun Chen hong Liu School of Public Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Department of Pathology University of California Davis HealthSacramentoCA 95817USA Department of Anesthesiology the First Affiliated Hospital ofSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215006China Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of California Davis HealthSacramentoCA 95817USA.

Volatile anesthetic preconditioning has been shown to be a potent way to provide myocardium protection against ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury;however,this cardioprotection is lost in senescent animal models and elderly patients.NFκB-regulated genes have been linked to myocardial I/R injury and anesthetic preconditioning.Here,we investigated NFκB activation related to anesthetic preconditioning in aging rat myocardium.Isolated,Langendorff perfused rat hearts from Fischer 344 male rats,24 months old,were randomly assigned to one of the three groups.The hearts of the control group were perfused with physiologic solution without any intervention.The hearts in the I/R group were subjected to 25 minutes ischemia and followed by 60 minutes reperfusion.The hearts in the treatment group were subjected to 10 minutes 2.5% sevoflurane,followed by 20 minutes washout and by 25 minutes ischemia and 60 minutes of reperfusion,respectively.Left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP)and left ventricular enddiastolic pressure(LVEDP)were measured.Western blot analysis was used to measure inhibitor of κB(IκB)and antiapoptotic genes:A1,ILP,c-IAP-2,Bcl-2,caspase 8 and caspase 9.Ischemia and reperfusion significantly decreased LVDP and increased LVEDP in aged rat hearts.Anesthetic preconditioning with sevoflurane did not change the effects I/R on LVDP and LVEDP,despite the fact that after treatment with anesthetic preconditioning,the levels of IκB,A1,ILP,caspase 8 and caspase 9 were significantly different compared to those of the control hearts.In conclusion,anesthetic preconditioning with sevoflurane does not improve myocardial systolic and diastolic functions.Our results suggest that the activation of NFκB regulated genes is different in the senescent myocardium and could account for loss of cardioprotection with aging.

关键词： aging inflammatory apoptosis anesthesia preconditioning

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A suppresses innate immune response by inducing degradation of TBK1 to inhibit steatohepatitis

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1596-1612页

作者： Jinyong He Cong Du Xuyun Peng Weilong hong Dongbo qiu Xiusheng qiu Xingding Zhang Yunfei Qin Qi Zhang Cell-gene Therapy Translational Medicine Research Center The Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510630China Biotherapy Center The Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510630China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research The Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510630China Molecular Cancer Research Center School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518107China Department of Emergency The Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510630China

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),a progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),is characterised by chronic liver inflammation,which can further prog-ress into complications such as liver cirrhosis and NASH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and therefore has become a growing health problem worldwide.The type I interferon(IFN)signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in chronic inflammation;however,the molecular mechanisms underlying NAFLD/NASH from the perspective of innate immune response has not yet been fully explored.In this study,we elucidated the mechanisms of how innate im-mune response modulates NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis,and demonstrated that hepatocyte nu-clear factor-1alpha(HNF1A)was suppressed and the typeⅠIFN production pathway was activated in liver tissues of patients with NAFLD/NASH.Further experiments suggested that HNF1A negatively regulates the TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway by promoting autophagic degra-dation of phosphorylated-TBK1,which constrains IFN production,thereby inhibiting the activa-tion of type I IFN signaling.Mechanistically,HNF1A interacts with the phagophore membrane protein LC3 through its LIR-docking sites,and mutations of LIRs(LIR2,LIR3,LIR4,and LIRs)block the HNF1A-LC3 interaction.In addition,HNF1A was identified not only as a novel autop-hagic cargo receptor but also to specifically induce K33-linked ubiquitin chains on TBK1 at Lys670,thereby resulting in autophagic degradation of TBK1.Collectively,our study illustrates the crucial function of the HNF1A-TBK1 signaling axis in NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis via cross-talk between autophagy and innate immunity.

关键词： HNF1A IFN signaling pathway Innate immunity NAFLD TBK1

Deep Active Learning for Solvability Prediction in Power Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1773-1777页

作者： Yichen Zhang Jianzhe Liu Feng qiu Tianqi hong Rui Yao Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL 60439USA IEEE

Traditional methods for solvability region analysis can only have inner approximations with inconclusive conservatism and handle limited types of power flow models.In this letter,we propose a deep active learning framework for solvability prediction in power systems.Compared with passive learning where the training is performed after all instances are labeled,active learning selects most informative instances to be labeled and therefore significantly reduces the size of the labeled dataset for training.In the active learning framework,the acquisition functions,which correspond to different sampling strategies,are defined in terms of the on-the-fly posterior probability from the classifier.First,the IEEE 39-bus system is employed to validate the proposed framework,where a two-dimensional case is illustrated to visualize the effectiveness of the sampling method followed by the high-dimensional numerical experiments.Then,the Northeast Power Coordinating Council(NPCC)140-bus system is used to validate the performance on large-scale power systems.

关键词： Active learning deep learning power flow solvability power flow equation

Occurrence of Different Forms and Implications of Compound Specific Sterols in Continental Sediments of the Northeast South China Sea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第2期93卷 420-429页

作者： QIU Hong ZOU Li ZHANG Minsheng ZHU Chaoqi JIA Yonggang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Education Key Laboratory fo r Marine Environment and Ecology Ocean University of China The Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering Ocean University of China

The South China Sea(SCS) is one of the most productive and accumulative marginal shelves of organic carbon in the world. To expound the transformation and preservation of organic carbon in the Northeast SCS, where abundant oil and gas resources have been reported, compound specific sterols in free(FR), base hydrolytic(BH), and acid hydrolytic(AH) forms were analyzed in surface and columnar sediments in May, 2016. The results showed that the total contents of sterols detected ranged from 0.15 to 3.74 ppm dry weight in the surface sediments, and gradually decreased from 3.41 to0.17 ppm dry weight from surface to deep sediments, in which cholesterol(27^(△5)) was the most abundant component. Sterols mainly existed in the BH form(54.51%-74.20%), followed by the FR form(25.50%-45.49%) and then the AH form(0-3.77%) in turn, in the surface sediments. BH and FR sterols accounted for 0-49.08% and 50.92%-100% in the columnar sediments, while AH sterols were undetectable. The contents of specific sterols indicated that, the primary source of marine organic carbon was about 5 times as much as that from terrestrial input. More and more FR sterols transformed into BH sterols with increasing sedimentary depth, and BH sterols absolutely dominated in sediment depths under 25 cm. The forms of Sterols C27 were maintained at a relative consistence state, but Sterols C28 to C30 degraded gradually during the sedimentation process. It was suggested that the stability of sterols, based on the chemical structures, might be the primary factor controlling their degradation and preservation in deeper sediments. These results would help to understand the organic carbon(OC) transformation in a hydrate formation area in a marginal sea.

关键词： sterols sediments occurrence forms transformation northeast South China Sea

Assessment of the safety and efficacy of combination chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment of breast cancer:A meta-analysis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第14期136卷 1663-1670页

作者： Da Qian Yuhao Xu Yihao Wu Jie qiu Weimin hong Xuli Meng Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery-Hand Surgery The Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow UniversityChangshuSoochowJiangsu 215500China Second Clinical College Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310000China College of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhouZhejiang 310000China Faculty of Basic Medicine Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiang 310000China Department of Breast Surgery Cancer CenterZhejiang Provincial People’s HospitalHangzhouZhejiang 310000China

Background:As the efficacy of programmed cell death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1)inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in curing breast cancer is still controversial,this meta-analysis compares the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone in the treatment of breast cancer,which provides guidance for the clinical treatment.Methods:Relevant studies published as of April 2022 in the various databases including EMBASE,PubMed,and Cochrane Library were selected.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)in which control patients underwent chemotherapy alone and experimental group patients underwent combination chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment were included in this investigation.Investigations without complete information,researches from which information could not be extracted,duplicate articles,animal studies,review articles,and systematic reviews were excluded.STATA 15.1 was employed for all statistical analyses.Results:In total,eight eligible studies were identified,revealing that combination chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment was linked to significant increases in progression-free survival(PFS)relative to chemotherapy alone(hazard ratio[HR]=0.83,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.70–0.99,P=0.032)but not overall survival(HR=0.92,95%CI:0.80–1.06,P=0.273).Pooled adverse event rates were also increased within the group of combination treatment relative to the chemotherapy group(risk ratio[RR]=1.08,95%CI:1.03–1.14,P=0.002).Specifically,nausea rates were lesser within the group of combination treatment relative to the group of chemotherapy(RR=0.48,95%CI:0.25–0.92,P=0.026).Subgroup analyses indicated that the PFS of patients who underwent combination atezolizumab or pembrolizumab and chemotherapy treatment were substantially longer than those of patients who underwent chemotherapy alone(HR=0.79,95%CI:0.69–0.89,P≤0.001;HR=0.79,95%CI:0.67–0.92,P=0.002).Conclusions:The pooled results suggest that combination chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor tre

关键词： PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors Breast cancer Chemotherapeutics Meta-analysis

Tetris-Style Stacking Process to Tailor the Orientation of Carbon Fiber Scaffolds for Efficient Heat Dissipation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第9期15卷 310-324页

作者： Shida Han Yuan Ji Qi Zhang hong Wu Shaoyun Guo Jianhui qiu Fengshun Zhang The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plastic/Rubber Complex Processing TechnologyPolymer Research Institute of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Systems Science and TechnologyAkita Prefectural University015-0055AkitaJapan Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900People’s Republic of China

As the miniaturization of electronic devices and complication of electronic packaging,there are growing demands for thermal interfacial materials with enhanced thermal conductivity and the capability to direct the heat toward heat sink for highly efficient heat dissipation.Pitch-based carbon fiber(CF)with ultrahigh axial thermal conductivity and aspect ratios exhibits great potential for developing thermally conductive composites as TIMs.However,it is still hard to fabricate composites with aligned carbon fiber in a general approach to fully utilize its excellent axial thermal conductivity in specific direction.Here,three types of CF scaffolds with different oriented structure were developed via magnetic field-assisted Tetris-style stacking and carbonization process.By regulating the magnetic field direction and initial stacking density,the self-supporting CF scaffolds with horizontally aligned(HCS),diagonally aligned and vertically aligned(VCS)fibers were constructed.After embedding the polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS),the three composites exhibited unique heat transfer properties,and the HCS/PDMS and VCS/PDMS composites presented a high thermal conductivity of 42.18 and 45.01 W m^(−1)K^(−1)in fiber alignment direction,respectively,which were about 209 and 224 times higher than that of PDMS.The excellent thermal conductivity is mainly ascribed that the oriented CF scaffolds construct effective phonon transport pathway in the matrix.In addition,fishbone-shaped CF scaffold was also produced by multiple stacking and carbonization process,and the prepared composites exhibited a controlled heat transfer path,which can allow more versatility in the design of thermal management system.

关键词： Carbon fiber Magnetic field Thermal management Thermally conductive composites