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基于迁移学习的LLaMA 2大语言模型微调优化方法

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软件工程 2024年第9期27卷 32-36页

作者：孙倩石竞泽裴丽君张倩怡徐凤强大连东软信息学院辽宁大连116023 大连交通大学软件学院辽宁大连116028

在计算资源受限情况下,针对大语言模型微调面临的训练成本高、微调时间长等问题,提出一种基于迁移学习的预训练大模型的微调优化方法。首先,在原有自注意力验证损失函数中引入权重方向惩罚因子,提高模型收敛速度。其次,改进自注意力验... 详细信息

在计算资源受限情况下,针对大语言模型微调面临的训练成本高、微调时间长等问题,提出一种基于迁移学习的预训练大模型的微调优化方法。首先,在原有自注意力验证损失函数中引入权重方向惩罚因子,提高模型收敛速度。其次,改进自注意力验证优化器,用来平衡不同权重参数的衰减程度。实验结果表明,改进后的微调优化方法可以有效减少微调的迭代次数,提高微调效率,从而提升大语言模型在下游任务的迁移应用能力。

关键词：大语言模型微调优化迁移学习

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Temperature-adaptive metasurface radiative cooling device with excellent emittance and low solar absorptance for dynamic thermal regulation

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第4期6卷 70-82页

作者： Junlin Yang qianyi Li Shiqiao Liu Debao Fang Jingyao zhang Haibo Jin Jingbo Li Beijing Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green ApplicationsBeijingChina

Passive radiative cooling is a promising passive cooling technology that emits heat to deep space without energy ***,the persistent challenge of overcooling in static radiative techniques has raised *** a desirable solution is suggested based on vanadium dioxide(VO_(2))in the form of a Fabry-Perot(F-P)resonant cavity,the inherent contradiction between desired high emissivity(ε)and low solar absorptance(α_(sol))remains a notable ***,we employed a simple mask-filling technique to develop a temperature-adaptive metasurface radiative cooling device(ATMRD)for dynamic thermal *** and experimental results substantially evidenced that multiple localized polariton resonances were induced by the VO_(2)metasurface,significantly enhancing the thermal emittance of the *** engineered ATMRD achieved an amazing switch of the atmospheric window emittance from 0.13 to 0.85 when the surface temperature exceeds a pre-set transition temperature,accompanied by a commendableα_(sol)of 27.71%.The mechanism of multiple localized polariton resonances is discussed in detail to understand the enhanced performance based on the investigation of the relationship between the metasurface structure and multiple localized polariton *** demonstrate an efficient smart radiative technique achieved by a simple micro/nanoprocess and,most importantly,contribute a valuable reference for the design of radiative devices,which is crucial in various areas such as passive cooling,smart windows,multifunctional electromagnetic response,and space application technologies.

关键词： dynamic radiative cooling metasurface vanadium dioxide emittance plasmon resonance

Light-stimulated low-power artificial synapse based on a single GaN nanowire for neuromorphic computing

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Photonics Research 2023年第10期11卷 1667-1677页

作者： MIN ZHOU YUKUN ZHAO XIUSHUO GU qianyi zhang JIANYA zhang MIN JIANG SHULONG LU Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Suzhou 215123China School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and TechnologySuzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

The fast development of the brain-inspired neuromorphic computing system has ignited an urgent demand for artificial synapses with low power consumption. In this work, it is the first time a light-stimulated low-power synaptic device based on a single GaN nanowire has been demonstrated successfully. In such an artificial synaptic device, the incident light, the electrodes, and the light-generated carriers play the roles of action potential,presynaptic/postsynaptic membrane, and neurotransmitter in a biological synapse, respectively. Compared to those of other synaptic devices based on GaN materials, the energy consumption of the single-GaN-nanowire synaptic device can be reduced by more than 92%, reaching only 2.72 × 10^(-12)J. It is proposed that the oxygen element can contribute to the synaptic characteristics by taking the place of the nitrogen site. Moreover, it is found that the dynamic “learning-forgetting” performance of the artificial synapse can resemble the behavior of the human brain, where less time is required to relearn the missing information previously memorized and the memories can be strengthened after relearning. Based on the experimental conductance for long-term potentiation(LTP) and long-term depression(LTD), the simulated network can achieve a high recognition rate up to 90%after only three training epochs. Such few training times can reduce the energy consumption in the supervised learning processes substantially. Therefore, this work paves an effective way for developing single-nanowire-based synapses in the fields of artificial intelligence systems and neuromorphic computing technology requiring lowpower consumption.

关键词： power artificial computing

TGF-β-regulated different iron metabolism processes in the development and cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第2期32卷 373-391页

作者： JIANFA WU qianyi LIAO LI zhang SUQIN WU ZHOU LIU Department of Gynecology Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghaiChina Department of Gynecology Shanghai University of Medicine&Health SciencesShanghaiChina Department of Gynecology Gongshan People’s HospitalNujiang Lisu Autonomous PrefectureChina

The impact of different iron metabolism processes(DIMP)on ovarian cancer remains *** this study,we employed various gene chips and databases to investigate the role of DIMP in the initiation and development of ovarian *** was used to determine mutations in DIMP-associated genes in ovarian ***-Meier plotter was used to examine the influence of DIMP on the prognosis of ovarian *** analyzing 1669 serous ovarian cancer cases,we identified a range of mutations in iron metabolism genes,notably in those coding for the transferrin receptor(19%),melanotransferrin(19%),and ceruloplasmin(10%)in the iron import process,and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase(9%),hepcidin antimicrobial peptide(9%),metal regulatory transcription factor 1(8%),and bone morphogenetic protein 6(8%)in the iron regulation *** to the unaltered group,the group with gene alterations exhibited a higher tumor mutation burden count(43 vs.54)and more advanced histologic grade(78.19%vs.87.90%).Compared to the normal ovarian counterparts,a reduction in expression was observed in 9 out of the 14 genes involved in iron utilization and 4 out of the 5 genes involved in iron export in ovarian cancer;in contrast,an increase in expression was observed in 2 out of the 3 genes involved in iron storage in ovarian ***,in cisplatin-resistant cells compared to cisplatin-sensitive ones,the expression of all genes in iron storage and 13 out of 14 genes in iron import was decreased,while that of 8 out of the 10 genes in iron utilization was *** addition,survival curve analysis indicated that a higher expression in the majority of genes in the iron import process(12/21),or a reduced expression in most genes in the iron export process(4/5)correlated with poor progression-free ***,TGF-βcould regulate the expression of most iron metabolism-associated genes;particularly,expression of genes involved in the iron storage process(2/2)was inhibited aft

关键词： Chemoresistance Cisplatin Iron Ovarian neoplasms TGF-β

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猪瘟病毒C株表位突变毒株的构建及拯救

畜牧兽医学报 2024年第2期55卷 698-705页

作者：刘元杰徐璐朱元源徐嫄张乾义李翠李明夏应菊王琴刘业兵赵启祖邹兴启中国兽医药品监察所国家猪瘟参考实验室北京100081

本研究旨在突变猪瘟病毒C株WH303位点,构建感染性克隆,为猪瘟病毒C株标记疫苗的研究提供候选毒株。本试验以猪瘟病毒C株为研究材料,经重叠PCR方法突变WH303位点,再分别连接至C株和C-flag株全长感染性克隆。体外转录RNA,转染PK15细胞,细... 详细信息

本研究旨在突变猪瘟病毒C株WH303位点,构建感染性克隆,为猪瘟病毒C株标记疫苗的研究提供候选毒株。本试验以猪瘟病毒C株为研究材料,经重叠PCR方法突变WH303位点,再分别连接至C株和C-flag株全长感染性克隆。体外转录RNA,转染PK15细胞,细胞连续传代完成病毒的拯救和增殖。结果显示,经特异性限制内切酶酶切反应验证,感染性克隆构建成功。经RT-PCR、过氧化物酶单层细胞试验检测,表明病毒成功拯救。病毒细胞传代至17代,检测到病毒,表明病毒可以稳定传代。综上,本研究成功构建了C株WH303突变感染性克隆MC和MC-flag,并成功拯救MC株,得到可以稳定传代的病毒株。

关键词：猪瘟病毒 C株 WH303位点突变感染性克隆

肌内效贴联合口肌训练治疗脑性瘫痪患儿流涎的效果观察

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中国伤残医学 2024年第3期32卷 6-9,13页

作者：吴璘娜张倩仪何强勇郑怡曾华连曾卓毅蔡霞赵勇南海区妇幼保健院广东佛山528200

目的:观察肌内效贴联合口肌训练治疗脑性瘫痪患儿流涎的疗效.方法:本研究选取2020年6月—2021年12月我院收治的60例脑瘫流涎患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=30)和试验组(n=30),2组均采用口肌训练,试验组在此基础上联... 详细信息

目的:观察肌内效贴联合口肌训练治疗脑性瘫痪患儿流涎的疗效.方法:本研究选取2020年6月—2021年12月我院收治的60例脑瘫流涎患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=30)和试验组(n=30),2组均采用口肌训练,试验组在此基础上联合肌内效贴扎术,在治疗前和治疗后1个月分别采用流涎严重性评分(DSFS-S)和流涎频率评分(DSFS-F)评估2组患者流涎情况,节选口部运动功能评估表的相关分项评估口腔功能,并采用标准吞咽功能评价量表第2部分评估患儿的吞咽功能.结果:治疗后,2组DSFS-F评分、DSFS-S、SSA评分评分均较治疗前降低,且试验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).2组口部运动功能评分均较治疗前升高,且试验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:肌内效贴联合口肌训练能有效改善脑瘫患儿的流涎症状、口腔功能及吞咽功能,其疗效明显优于单独采用口肌训练.

关键词：肌内效贴口肌训练脑性瘫痪患儿流涎

Mechanism underlying effect of Chaihu Shugan San(柴胡疏肝散)on major depressive disorder:a network pharmacology-based study

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2021年第2期41卷 338-348页

作者： MU Jie zhang Shuang TANG Feifei LIU Shuling zhang qianyi DU Qianlei WANG Xueqian WANG Qingguo CHENG Fafeng Clinical basic teaching and Research Office of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineWenjiang DistrictChengdu 611137China Innovation Team of"Basic Research on Application of Classical Prescription" Teaching and Research Department of Clinical Foundation of Chinese MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism underpinning the effect of Chaihu Shugan San(柴胡疏肝散,CHSGS)on major depressive disorder(MDD).METHODS:We searched the compound components of from seven herbal ingredients of CHSGS from TCMSP,SymMap,ETCM,NPASS databases,and the chemical structure of the compound from PubChem,and collected the compound targets from TCMSP and TargetNet databases,and MDD-related targets from DiseaseGene *** established protein-protein interaction in the STRING *** gene mapping,topology analysis and enrichment analysis,the core targets and pathways of CHSGS for MDD,and the involved biological processes(BP),cell components(CC),and molecular functions(MF)were ***:We collected a total of 1135 CHSGS *** screening by ADME standards and the five rules of Ribinski,we obtained 99 different chemical components with different chemical structures,and related targets of 183 different CHSGS *** the DiseaseGene Network,a total of 740 relevant targets for MDD were *** gene mapping and topological analysis,62 related targets of CHSGS for MDD,24 targets with topological Chinese herbal medicine were *** enrichment analysis,10 relevant pathways and 3 core pathways were obtained with the involvement of 127 BP,27 CC,and 43 ***:There are multiple targets and signaling pathways are involved in the action of CHSGS in the treatment of MDD.

关键词： Depressive disorder,major Pharmacology Chaihu Shugan San