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Microstructure transformations and improving wear resistance of austenitic stainless steel additively fabricated by arc-based DED process

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 194-204页

作者： Ashish yadav Manu Srivastava prashant K.Jain Sandeep Rathee Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentPDPM Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign&ManufacturingJabalpur482005Madhya PradeshIndia FFF Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentPDPM Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign&ManufacturingJabalpur482005Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologySrinagarIndia

In this study, austenitic stainless steel(ASS) was additively fabricated by an arc-based direct energy deposition(DED) technique. Macrostructure, microstructure, mechanical characteristics at different spatial orientations(0°, 90°, and 45°), and wear characteristics were evaluated at the deposited structure top, middle, and bottom regions. Results show that austenite(γ) and delta-ferrite(δ) phases make up most of the microstructure of additively fabricated SS316LSi steel. Within γ matrix, δ phase is dispersed both(within and along) grain boundaries, exhibiting a fine vermicular morphology. The bottom, middle,and top regions of WAAM deposited ASS exhibit similar values to those of wrought SS316L in the tensile and impact test findings. Notably, a drop in hardness values is observed as build height increases. During SEM examinations of fractured surfaces from tensile specimen, closed dimples were observed, indicating good ductility of as-built structure. Wear test findings show signs of mild oxidation and usual adhesive wear. By depositing a mechanically mixed composite layer, an increase in the oxidation percentage was discovered to facilitate healing of worn surfaces. The findings of this study will help in design, production and renovation of products/components that are prone to wear. WAAM-deposited ASS has remarkable strength and ability to withstand impacts;it can be used in the production of armour plates for defence applications, mainly military vehicles and aircraft.

关键词： Metal additive deposition Defence applications Arc-based DED Characterization Wear behaviour Fractography

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Current Status of Conventional and Molecular Interventions for Blast Resistance in Rice

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Rice science 2017年第6期24卷 299-321页

作者： Deepti SRIVASTAVA Md SHAMIM Mahesh KUMAR Anurag MISHRA Pramila PANDEY Deepak KUMAR prashant yadav Mohammed Harrish SIDDIQUI Kapildeo Narayan SINGH Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Integral University Lucknow 226021 India Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Dr. Kalam Agricultural College Bihar Agricultural University Sabour Bhagalpur Bihar 813210India Department of Agriculture Biotechnology Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology Modipuram Meerut 250110 India Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology Kumarganj Faizabad 224229 India Indian Council of Agricultural Research Directerate of Rapeseed mustard Research Bharatpur Rajasthan 321303 India

Pyricularia oryzae anamorph of Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most notorious fungal pathogens causing severe economic loss in rice production worldwide. Various methods, viz. cultural, biological and molecular approaches, are utilized to counteract this pathogen. Moreover, some tolerant or resistant rice varieties have been developed with the help of breeding programmes. Isolation and molecular characterization of different blast resistance genes now open the gate for new possibilities to elucidate the actual allelic variants of these genes via various molecular breeding and transgenic approaches. However, the behavioral pattern of this fungus breakups the resistance barriers in the resistant or tolerant rice varieties. This host-pathogen barrier will be possibly countered in future research by comparative genomics data from available genome sequence data of rice and M. oryzae for durable resistance. Present review emphasized fascinating recent updates, new molecular breeding approaches, transgenic and genomics approaches(i.e. mi RNA and genome editing) for the management of blast disease in rice. The updated information will be helpful for the durable, resistance breeding programme in rice against blast pathogen.

关键词： backcross breeding gene pyramiding allele mining transgenic technology rice blast resistance CRISPR/Cas9 molecular breeding bioinformatics approach

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Mathematical model for smoking： Effect of determination and education

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2015年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： Anuradha yadav prashant K. Srivastava Anuj Kumar Department of Mathematics School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Patna Patna Bihar 13 India

We propose and analyze mathematical models to study the dynamics of smoking behavior under the influence of educational programs and also individual＇s determination to quit smoking. We establish the positivity and boundedness of the solutions in a biologically feasible region. A threshold value responsible for persistence of smoking is obtained and stability analysis on models is performed. We find that determination alone is not enough to eradicate smoking but it can reduce the prevalence of smoker population. Whereas the increase in education can possibly eradicate it. We performed numerical simulation for representative set of parameters to verify and discuss results obtained analytically.

关键词： Smoking determination education global stability Lyapunov function

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Liver transplantation and resection in patients with hepatocellular cancer and portal vein tumor thrombosis: Feasible and effective?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 123-128页

作者： prashant Bhangui Institute of Liver Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine Medanta–The MedicitySector 38GurgaonDelhi NCR 122001India

Patients with locally advanced hepatocellular cancer(HCC)and portal vein tumor thrombosis(PVTT)have a dismal prognosis since limited treatment options are available for *** recent years,effective systemic therapy,and advances in the understanding of technicalities and effectiveness of ablative therapies especially radiotherapy,have given some hope to prolong survival in *** review summarized recent evidence in literature regarding the possible role of liver resection(LR)and liver transplantation(LT)in patients with locally advanced HCC and PVTT with no extrahepatic *** therapies have helped make curative resection or LT a reality in selected *** review emphasizes on the key points to focus on when considering surgery in these patients,who are usually relegated to palliative systemic therapy *** patient selection based on tumor biology,documented downstaging based on imaging and decrease in tumor marker levels,and an adequate waiting period to demonstrate stable disease,may help obtain satisfactory long-term outcomes post LR or LT in an intention to treat strategy in patients with HCC and PVTT.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Portal vein tumour thrombosis Downstaging therapies Living donor liver transplantation and resection Outcomes

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Numerical analysis of the return flow solar air heater(RF-SAH)with assimilation of V-type artificial roughness

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第2期5卷 185-193页

作者： prashant Raturi Hemlata Deolal Sanjeev Kimothi Department of Mechanical Engineering Swami Rama Himalayan University Dehradun248140India Department of Mechanical Engineering DIT UniversityDehradun248001India Division of Research&Innovation Dept.of PhysicsUttaranchal University248007India

A novel design of Return Flow Solar Air Heater(RFSAH)with different arrangements of baffles especially V-Type Artificial roughness is simulated and numerically analyzed with energy balance *** enhance the effectiveness of baffles,numerous studies have been *** performance of the RFSAH is studied in terms of thermal efficiency,thermo-hydraulic efficiency,and optimization of baffle *** Thermal efficiency and thermo-hydraulic efficiency are found in RFSAH with baffle on both sides of the absorber plate and mass flow rate above 0.2kg/*** analysis of the influencing parameters is carried out and reported the best performance of the system on selective geometrical parameters(ψ=0.7,β=20%,e/H=1,p/e=0.8,α=60°).The results obtained from the present model are validated with the published experimental results and have been found in quite reasonable agreement with an average error of 16.45%.Thermal and Thermohydraulic efficiency of RFSAH with a baffle on both sides of the absorber plate is maximum among baffles below,above,and on both sides of the absorber *** is observed that the thermal efficiency of RFSAH is greater than *** proposed optimum baffles roughness is suggested to increase the air upholding time period for more efficient output.

关键词： Numerical analysis Energy Balance Equations Thermal Efficiency Return flow solar air heater V-baffles

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Typhoid fever presenting as neuropsychiatric oddities:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 281-284页

作者： prashant Badole Jivtesh Singh Preetam N Wasnik Rohini Rokkam Department of General Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesRaipur 492099India

Rationale:Salmonella is a common etiological agent behind the tropical fever syndrome in the Indian *** prevalence in India remains high due to a lack of proper sanitation services in large parts of the *** neuropsychiatric manifestations is rare and the understanding on their pathophysiology is still *** concerns:A 19-year-old male,presented with a 10-day history of altered mental status,high-grade fever and violent behaviour.2 Days prior to admission,he developed decreased responsiveness and a muttering delirium with ***:Coma vigil secondary to ***:Intravenous ceftriaxone and ***:The resolution of the coma vigil and the associated Salmonella infection were observed;however,the patient developed residual ***:The atypical presentation of a globally obtunded state followed by mutism in typhoid coma in this case should be brought to the attention of clinicians ***,the enduring speech limitations and potential psychiatric consequences may be linked to the prolonged duration of the infection.

关键词： Salmonella Salmonellosis Coma vigil Typhoid fever

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Impact of infectious density-induced additional screening and treatment saturation on COVID-19:Modeling and cost-effective optimal control

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 569-600页

作者： Sonu Lamba Tanuja Das prashant K.Srivastava Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihta–801106PatnaBiharIndia Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of New Brunswick FrederictonNBE3B 5A3Canada

This study introduces a novel SI2HR model,where“I2”denotes two infectious classes representing asymptomatic and symptomatic infections,aiming to investigate and analyze the cost-effective optimal control measures for managing *** model incorporates a novel concept of infectious density-induced additional screening(IDIAS)and accounts for treatment ***,the model considers the possibility of reinfection and the loss of immunity in individuals who have previously *** validate and calibrate the proposed model,real data from November–December 2022 in Hong Kong are *** estimated parameters obtained from this calibration process are valuable for prediction purposes and facilitate further numerical *** analysis of the model reveals that delays in screening,treatment,and quarantine contribute to an increase in the basic reproduction number R0,indicating a tendency towards *** particular,from the elasticity of R0,we deduce that normalized sensitivity indices of baseline screening rate(θ),quarantine rates(γ,αs),and treatment rate(α)are negative,which shows that delaying any of these may cause huge surge in R0,ultimately increases the disease ***,by the contour plots,we note the two-parameter behavior of the infectives(both symptomatic and asymptomatic).Expanding upon the model analysis,an optimal control problem(OCP)is formulated,incorporating three control measures:precautionary interventions,boosted IDIAS,and boosted *** Pontryagin's maximum principle and the forward-backward sweep method are employed to solve the *** numerical simulations highlight that enhanced screening and treatment,coupled with preventive interventions,can effectively contribute to sustainable disease ***,the cost-effectiveness analysis(CEA)conducted in this study suggests that boosting IDIAS alone is the most economically efficient and cost-effective approach compared to other *** CEA resul

关键词： COVID-19 IDIAS Estimation Prediction Optimal control Cost-effectiveness analysis

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Nasogastric tube syndrome:A Meta-summary of case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 119-129页

作者： Deven Juneja prashant Nasa Gunjan Chanchalani Ravi Jain Department of Critical Care Medicine Max Super Speciality HospitalNew Delhi 110017India Department of Critical Care Medicine NMC Specialty HospitalDubai 7832United Arab Emirates Department of Critical Care Medicine Karamshibhai Jethabhai Somaiya Hospital and Research CentreMumbai 400022India Department of Critical Care Medicine Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and HospitalJaipur 302022RajasthanIndia

BACKGROUND Since its description in 1790 by Hunter,the nasogastric tube(NGT)is commonly used in any healthcare setting for alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms or enteral ***,the risks associated with its placement are often *** airway obstruction with a NGT is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening *** syndrome is characterized by the presence of an NGT,throat pain and vocal cord(VC)paralysis,usually *** is poten-tially life–threatening,and early diagnosis is the key to the prevention of fatal upper airway ***,fewer cases may have been reported than might have occurred,primarily due to the clinicians'*** lack of specific signs and symptoms and the inability to prove temporal relation with NGT insertion has made diagnosing the syndrome quite *** To review and collate the data from the published case reports and case series to understand the possible risk factors,early warning signs and symptoms for timely detection to prevent the manifestation of the complete syndrome with life-threatening airway *** We conducted a systematic search for this meta-summary from the database of PubMed,EMBASE,Reference Citation Analysis(https://***/)and Google scholar,from all the past studies till August *** search terms included major MESH terms"Nasogastric tube","Intubation,Gastrointestinal","Vocal Cord Paralysis",and“Syndrome”.All the case reports and case series were evaluated,and the data were extracted for patient demographics,clinical symptomatology,diagnostic and therapeutic interventions,clinical course and outcomes.A datasheet for evaluation was further *** Twenty-seven cases,from five case series and 13 case reports,of NGT syndrome were retrieved from our *** was male predominance(17,62.96%),and age at presentation ranged from 28 to 86 *** patients had diabetes mellitus(37.04%),and nine were hyperte

关键词： Nasogastric tube Nasogastric tube syndrome Ryle’s tube Sofferman syndrome Vocal cord paralysis

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Metabolic engineering and genome editing strategies for enhanced lipid production in microalgae

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BIOCELL 2024年第8期48卷 1181-1195页

作者： ANJANI DEVI CHINTAGUNTA SAMUDRALA prashant JEEVAN KUMAR NUNE SATYA SAMPATH KUMAR Department of Biotechnology Vignan’s Foundation ScienceTechnology and ResearchVadlamudiAndhra Pradesh522213India ICAR-Directorate of Floricultural Research Pune412307India

Depleting global petroleum reserves and skyrocketing prices coupled with succinct supply have been a grave concern,which needs alternative sources to conventional *** microalgae have been explored for enhanced lipid production,leading towards biodiesel *** microalgae have short life cycles,require less labor,and space,and are easy to scale ***,the primary source of lipids needed to produce biodiesel,is accumulated by most *** article focuses on different types of oleaginous microalgae,which can be used as a feedstock to produce *** biosynthesis in microalgae occurs through fatty acid synthesis and TAG synthesis ***-depth discussions are held regarding other efficient methods for enhancing fatty acid and TAG synthesis,regulating TAG biosynthesis bypass methods,blocking competing pathways,multigene approach,and genome *** most potential targets for gene transformation are hypothesized to be a malic enzyme and diacylglycerol acyltransferase while lowering phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity is reported to be advantageous for lipid synthesis.

关键词： Oleaginous microalgae Biodiesel TAG synthesis Metabolic engineering Genome editing

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An Integrated Analysis of Yield Prediction Models:A Comprehensive Review of Advancements and Challenges

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 389-425页

作者： Nidhi Parashar prashant Johri Arfat Ahmad Khan Nitin Gaur Seifedine Kadry School of Computer Science and Engineering Galgotias UniversityGreater Noida203201India Department of Applied Data Science Noroff University CollegeKristiansand4612Norway Artificial Intelligence Research Center(AIRC) Ajman UniversityAjman346United Arab Emirates MEU Research Unit Middle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan Department of Computer Science College of ComputingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand

The growing global requirement for food and the need for sustainable farming in an era of a changing climate and scarce resources have inspired substantial crop yield prediction *** learning(DL)and machine learning(ML)models effectively deal with such *** research paper comprehensively analyses recent advancements in crop yield prediction from January 2016 to March *** addition,it analyses the effectiveness of various input parameters considered in crop yield prediction *** conducted an in-depth search and gathered studies that employed crop modeling and AI-based methods to predict crop *** total number of articles reviewed for crop yield prediction using ML,meta-modeling(Crop models coupled with ML/DL),and DL-based prediction models and input parameter selection is *** conduct the research by setting up five objectives for this research and discussing them after analyzing the selected research *** study is assessed based on the crop type,input parameters employed for prediction,the modeling techniques adopted,and the evaluation metrics used for estimatingmodel *** also discuss the ethical and social impacts of AI on ***,various approaches presented in the scientific literature have delivered impressive predictions,they are complicateddue to intricate,multifactorial influences oncropgrowthand theneed for accuratedata-driven ***,thorough research is required to deal with challenges in predicting agricultural output.

关键词： Machine learning crop yield prediction deep learning remote sensing long short-term memory time series prediction systematic literature review

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