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Starchy and fibrous feedstuffs differ in their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and differently modulate gut microbiota of swine

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1402-1412页

作者： Utsav P.tiwari Rabindra k.Mandal k.bi Raj Neupane Birendra Mishra Rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa1955 East-West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA Indiana University School of Medicine IndianaUSA Math and Sciences Division Leeward community collegePearl CityHI 96782USA

Back.round:Alternative feedstuffs may contribute to reducing feed costs of pig *** these feedstuffs are typically rich in fiber and resistant starch(RS).Dietary fibers and RS are fermented in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)and modulate the microbial *** microbes in the GIT can promote host health,depending on the type of fermentation substrates *** this study,six alternative feedstuffs(three starchy:Ok.nawan sweet potato,OSP;yam,and taro,and three fibrous:wheat millrun,WMR;barley brewers grain,BBG;and macadamia nut cak.,MNC)were evaluated for their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and their effects on pig’s hindgut microbial *** 2 steps of enzymatic digestion assay,residues were fermented using fresh pig feces as microbial inoculum,and gas production was recorded periodically for 72 h and modeled for fermentation *** fermentation,the residual liquid phase was analyzed for short-chain fatty acid(SCFA),and the solid phase was used to determine the nutrient’s digestibility and microbial ***:In vitro ileal digestibility of dry matter and gross energy was higher in starchy than fibrous *** gas and SCFA production were significantly higher(P<0.001)in starchy feedstuffs than fibrous *** acetate and propionate production was significantly higher(P<0.001)in all starchy feedstuffs than BBG and MNC;WMR was in *** alpha diversity was not significantly different within and between starchy and fibrous *** diversity(measured using bray Curtis dissimilarity distance)of starchy feedstuffs was significantly different(P<0.005)than fibrous ***:Starchy feedstuffs acted as a substrate to similar types of microbes,whereas fibrous feedstuffs resulted in a more diverse microbial *** alternative feedstuffs may exert comparable beneficial effects,thus may be included in swine diets to improve gut health.

关键词： Fermentation Fiber Gut health Microbial diversity Starch Swine

Novel targeting approaches and signaling pathways of colorectal cancer: An insight

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第39期24卷 4428-4435页

作者： Ank.ta tiwari Shivani Saraf Amit Verma Pritish k.mar Panda Sanjay k.Jain Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesDr. Hari Singh Gour Central University

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer of mortality in the world. Chemotherapy based treatment leads to innumerable side effects as it delivers the anticancer drug to both normal cells besides cancer cells. Sonic Hedgehog(SHH), Wnt wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus/β-catenin, transforming growth factor-β/SMAD, epidermal growth factor receptor and Notch are the main signaling pathways involved in the progression of CRC. Targeted therapies necessitate information regarding the particular aberrant pathways. Advancements in gene therapies have resulted in the recognition of novel therapeutic targets related with these signal-transduction cascades. CRC is a stepwise process where mutations occur over the time and activation of oncogenes and deactivation of tissue suppressor genes tak.s place. Genetic changes which are responsible for the induction of carcinogenesis include loss of heterozygosity in tumor suppressor genes such as adenomatous polyposis coli, mutation or deletion of genes lik. p53 and k.ras. Therefore, many gene-therapy approaches lik. gene correction, virusdirected enzyme-prodrug therapy, immunogenetic manipulation and virotherapy are currently being explored. Development of novel strategies for the safe and effective delivery of drugs to the cancerous site is the need of the hour. This editorial accentuates different novel strategies with emphasis on gene therapy and immunotherapy for the management of CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immunotherapy Gene therapy Signaling Targeted therapy

Capitalizing on multi-element interactions through bal-anced nutrition——A pathway to improve nitrogen use efficiency in China,India and North America

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第z2期48卷 780-790页

作者： Paul E.Fixen k.N.tiwari Mark.D.Stauffer Potash & Phosphate Institute Brook.ngs SD 57006USA Potash & Phosphate Institute of Canada Midtown Plaza SK S7K 1J5Canada

A viable option for increasing nitrogen (N) use efficiency and mitigation of negative impacts of N on the environment is to capitalize on multi-element interactions through implementation of nutrient management programs that provide balanced nutrition. Numerous studies have demonstrated the immediate efficacy of this approach in the developing regions lik. China and India as well as developed countries in North America. Based on 241 site-years of experiments in these countries, the first-year N recovery efficiency (RE) for the conventional or check.treatments averaged 21% while the balanced treatments averaged 54% RE, for an average increase of 33% in RE due to balanced nutrition. Effective policies to promote adoption are most lik.ly those that enable site-specific approaches to nutrient management decisions rather than sweeping, nation-wide incentives supporting one nutrient over another. Local farmers, advisers and officials need to be empowered with tools and information to help them define necessary changes in practices to create more balanced nutrient management.

关键词： capitalizing, balanced nutrition, nitrogen use efficiency.

Optimization approach for a climbing robot with target track.ng in WSNs

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第4期3卷 282-287页

作者： Jerwin Prabu A Abhinav tiwari Department of Robotics and Electronics Engineering Bharati Robotic SystemsIndia Department of Robotics and Mechanical Engineering Bharati Robotic SystemsIndia

Climbing robots are being developed for various *** confined space requires a compact locomotion system with vertical and overhead climbing *** achieve surface transition,Steering geometry Interaction system and static force are *** ubiquitous infrastructure and excellent coverage,they can be used for providing location information for various location-based services,especially in indoor *** structure is designed for a magnetic wall-climbing robot to gradually decrease the magnetic force when it is transiting between perpendicular magnetic *** paper describes the design process of a magnetic wall climbing robot,which adopts SgI and has the potential to carry materials in a confined space with an energy efficient system *** resolve the problem of target track.ng,it is essential to deploy a system *** the last two decades,several researchers have recommended many remote user authentication *** are continuously trying to enhance the security in material handling automation system by introducing several features into their work.A work.ng prototype has been built based on the optimized dimension.

关键词： Climbing Robot Surface transition Wireless Sensor Network.(WSNs) Target Track.ng Static Force Steering Geometry Interaction(SgI).

Review of the crushing response of collapsible tubular structures

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020年第3期15卷 438-474页

作者： Vivek.PATEL Gaurav tiwari Ravik.mar DUMPALA Department of Mechanical Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India

Studies on determining and analyzing the crushing response of tubular structures are of significant interest,primarily due to their relation to *** aspects of tubular structures,such as geometry,material,configuration,and hybrid structure,have been used as criteria for *** this review,a comprehensive analysis of the important findings of extensive research on understanding the crushing response of thin-walled tubular structures is *** in thin-walled structures,including multi-cell tube,honeycomb and foam-filled,multi wall,and functionally graded thick.ess tubes,are also discussed,focusing on their energy absorption *** extensive review of experimentation and numerical analysis used to extract the deformation behavior of materials,such as aluminum and steel,against static and dynamic loadings are also *** tube shapes,such as tubes of uniform and nonuniform(tapered)cross sections of circular,square,and rectangular shapes,have been used in different studies to identify their *** from geometric and loading parameters,the effects of fabrication process,heat treatment,and triggering mechanism on initiating plastic deformation,such as cutouts and grooves,on the surface of tubular structures are discussed.

关键词： monolithic structure crashworthiness energy absorber static and dynamic loadings multicellular tube structure filled tube

Dynamic analysis and identification of unbalance and misalignment in a rigid rotor with two offset discs levitated by active magnetic bearings:a novel trial misalignment approach

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Propulsion and Power Research 2021年第1期10卷 58-82页

作者： Prabhat k.mar Rajiv tiwari Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahatiAssam781039India

Rotating machinery is an essential and crucial component of numerous mechanical systems in modern industries,transport vehicles,and in several other *** vibrations on rotating equipment due to multiple faults may cause catastrophic failure in machines and lead to hazardous ***,there is a need for perceiving the dynamic nature and identifying the faults for the safe,smooth and effective operation of *** paper proposes a novel trial misalignment approach to estimate the misalignment with a similar concept as the trial unbalance in the rotor *** magnetic bearing(AMB)misalignment with the rotor has been investigated with residual misalignment and additional trial misalignment *** trial misalignments are provided in addition to the unk.own misalignments of the residual misalignment *** the execution of this methodology,the dynamic model of a four-degree-of-freedom unbalanced and misaligned rigid rotor with two offset discs supported by two active magnetic bearings has been mathematically *** offset discs result in the gyroscopic effect at high rotor *** of motion of the rotor-AMB system have been derived and solved to generate the time domain rotor displacement and controlling current responses at AMB positions.A fast Fourier transform technique has been utilized to convert the time domain responses into the frequency domain for estimation of unbalance eccentricities and phases together with force-displacement and forcecurrent stiffnesses of misaligned AMBs as well as AMB's constant forces using the developed identification *** values of AMB's parameters for both residual and additional trial misalignment cases are evaluated to estimate the four unk.own *** of the algorithm has also been carried out at multiple spin speeds against measurement signal noise in rotor responses and bias errors in rotor system parameters to check.its effectiveness

关键词： Misalignment Unbalance Active magnetic bearing Gyroscopic moment Fast Fourier transform Identification

Bianchi type-I cosmological models with perfect fluid in general relativity

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第4期10卷 291-300页

作者： Rishi k.mar tiwari Department of Mathematics Govt.Model Science College

Einstein＇s field equations with variable gravitational and cosmological constants are considered in the presence of perfect fluid for the Bianchi type-I universe by assuming that the cosmological term is proportional to R-m （R is a scale factor and m is a constant）.A variety of solutions are *** physical significance of the respective cosmological models are also discussed.

关键词： cosmological parameters - cosmology: theory - relativity

Conservation of an important montane bamboo Thamnocalamus falconeri, *** Munro through axillary bud proliferation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 179-185页

作者： Meena Bak.hi Chandrak.nt tiwari Sajad Razvi Plant Physiology Discipline Botany DivisionForest ResearchInstitute

Thamnocalamus falconeri, Hook.f. ex Munro.,an important bamboo species belonging to the family Poaceae, locally k.own as Ringal, occurs in the hills of Uttarak.and, India. This species has been traditionally exploited by local communities to support their *** needs of the hill villages impose unsustainable pressure on natural stands of Ringal in the Uttarak.and hills and forests have been degraded. The long history of excessive cutting of Ringal from natural forests and the lack.of replanting threaten villager livelihoods. Replanting is required to conserve the species. We propose a protocol for generation of planting material through axillary bud proliferation for multiplication and conservation of this species. We collected offsets/rhizomes from a natural stand of T. falconeri in the Chopta Mandal areas（Chamoli district, India）. These were planted at sites of varied elevation and fresh single nodal segments were collected from them as explants. Different sterilization treatments were assessed to combat contamination. Among these, treatment of 0.1 %Hg Cl2 followed by 5 % Na OCl, proved best. Among two cytok.nin treatments, viz. BAP and k.netin, singly or in combination, BAP alone（5 mg L-1） proved superior and resulted in 100 % bud break. BAP-supplemented MS media yielded maximum vigorous shoot formation（90 %）and maximum number of shoots（8.9）. Subculturing of shoots on the same medium with similar BAP treatment（5 mg L-1BAP） enabled continuous production of healthy shoots at similar frequency. Maximum rooting（100 %）was recorded on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 5 mg L-1IBA. Micropropagated plants were hardened and acclimatized in soil mixture（2：1：1） and then transplanted to field sites（Magra, Uttarak.and, 1,834 m）.Eight to ten months after field transplantation we recorded100 % survival of transplanted material. This micropropagation protocol could be used successfully for raising a stock.of genetically homogenous plant material in bulk

关键词： Thamnocalamus falconeri Micropropagation MS medium Axillary bud proliferation Hormones

Implication of machine learning techniques to forecast the electricity price and carbon emission:Evidence from a hot region

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 259-271页

作者： Suleman Sarwar Ghazala Aziz Aviral k.mar tiwari Department of Finance and Economics College of BusinessUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Business Administration College of Administrative and Financial SciencesSaudi Electronic UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Indian Institute of Management BodhgayaIndia

The current study examines the significant determinants of electricity consumption and identifies an appropriate model to forecast the electricity price *** main contribution is focused on eastern region of Saudi Arabia,a relatively hottest geographical area full of energy resources but with different electricity consumption *** relative irrelevance of temperature as predicting factor of electricity consumption is quite surprising and contradicts the previous *** the eastern region,electricity price has negative association with electricity *** comparing traditional and machine learning,it is found that machine learning techniques offer better *** the machine learning techniques,the support vector machine has the lowest errors in forecasting the electricity ***,the support vector machine approach is used to forecast the trend of carbon emissions caused by electricity *** findings have policy implications and offer valuable suggestions to policymak.rs while addressing the determinants of electricity consumption and forecasting electricity prices.

关键词： Electricity consumption Carbon emission Artificial neural network Support vector machine Saudi Arabia