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The Representation of Soil Moisture−Atmosphere Feedbacks across the Tibetan Plateau in CMIP6

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 2063-2081页

作者： Joshua TALIB Omar V.MÜLLER Emma J.BARTON Christopher M.TAYLOR pier luigi vidale U.K.Centre of Ecology and Hydrology WallingfordOX108BBU.K. National Centre for Atmospheric Science ReadingRG66BBU.K. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático(CEVARCAM)Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias HídricasUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeArgentina National Centre for Earth Observation WallingfordOX108BBU.K. Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReadingRG66BBU.K.

Thermal processes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)influence atmospheric conditions on regional and global scales.Given this,previous work has shown that soil moisture−driven surface flux variations feed back onto the atmosphere.Whilst soil moisture is a source of atmospheric predictability,no study has evaluated soil moisture−atmosphere coupling on the TP in general circulation models(GCMs).In this study,we use several analysis techniques to assess soil moisture−atmosphere coupling in CMIP6 simulations including:instantaneous coupling indices;analysis of flux and atmospheric behaviour during dry spells;and a quantification of the preference for convection over drier soils.Through these metrics we partition feedbacks into their atmospheric and terrestrial components.Consistent with previous global studies,we conclude substantial inter-model differences in the representation of soil moisture−atmosphere coupling,and that most models underestimate such feedbacks.Focusing on dry spell analysis,most models underestimate increased sensible heat during periods of rainfall deficiency.For example,the model-mean bias in anomalous sensible heat flux is 10 W m−2(≈25%)smaller compared to observations.Deficient dry-spell sensible heat fluxes lead to a weaker atmospheric response.We also find that most GCMs fail to capture the negative feedback between soil moisture and deep convection.The poor simulation of feedbacks in CMIP6 experiments suggests that forecast models also struggle to exploit soil moisture−driven predictability.To improve the representation of land−atmosphere feedbacks requires developments in not only atmospheric modelling,but also surface processes,as we find weak relationships between rainfall biases and coupling indexes.

关键词： model evaluation land-atmosphere feedbacks Tibetan Plateau precipitation surface energy balance

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Unlocking the versatile potential:Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in ocular surface reconstruction and oculoplastics

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第2期16卷 89-101页

作者： pier luigi Surico Anna Scarabosio Giovanni Miotti Martina Grando Carlo Salati pier Camillo Parodi Leopoldo Spadea Marco Zeppieri Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Department of Ophthalmology Campus Bio-Medico UniversityRome 00128Italy Department of Plastic Surgery University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of Internal Medicine Azienda Sanitaria Friuli OccidentaleSan Vito al Tagliamento 33078Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I“Sapienza”University of RomeRome 00142Italy

This review comprehensively explores the versatile potential of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)with a specific focus on adipose-derived MSCs.Ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgery,encompassing diverse procedures for ocular and periocular enhancement,demands advanced solutions for tissue restoration,functional and aesthetic refinement,and aging.Investigating immunomodulatory,regenerative,and healing capacities of MSCs,this review underscores the potential use of adipose-derived MSCs as a cost-effective alternative from bench to bedside,addressing common unmet needs in the field of reconstructive and regenerative surgery.

关键词： Stem cells Adipose stem cell Ocular therapy Oculoplastics Regenerative

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Whole-eye transplantation: Current challenges and future perspectives

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 28-39页

作者： Anna Scarabosio pier luigi Surico Vlad Tereshenko Rohan Bir Singh Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea Glenda Caputo pier Camillo Parodi Caterina Gagliano Jonathan M Winograd Marco Zeppieri Department of Plastic Surgery University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of Plastic Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I"Sapienza"University of RomeRome 00142Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Enna"Kore"Enna 94100Italy Eye Clinic Catania University San Marco Hospital Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi 95121 CataniaItaly

Whole-eye transplantation emerges as a frontier in ophthalmology,promising a transformative approach to irreversible blindness.Despite advancements,formidable challenges persist.Preservation of donor eye viability post-enucleation necessitates meticulous surgical techniques to optimize retinal integrity and ganglion cell survival.Overcoming the inhibitory milieu of the central nervous system for successful optic nerve regeneration remains elusive,prompting the exploration of neurotrophic support and immunomodulatory interventions.Immunological tolerance,paramount for graft acceptance,confronts the distinc-tive immunogenicity of ocular tissues,driving research into targeted immunosup-pression strategies.Ethical and legal considerations underscore the necessity for stringent standards and ethical frameworks.Interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing research endeavors are imperative to navigate these complexities.Biomaterials,stem cell therapies,and precision immunomodulation represent promising avenues in this pursuit.Ultimately,the aim of this review is to critically assess the current landscape of whole-eye transplantation,elucidating the challenges and advancements while delineating future directions for research and clinical practice.Through concerted efforts,whole-eye transplantation stands to revolu-tionize ophthalmic care,offering hope for restored vision and enhanced quality of life for those afflicted with blindness.

关键词： Eye Transplantation Optic nerve Nerve regeneration Immunological tolerance

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Fat or fillers:The dilemma in eyelid surgery

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 2951-2965页

作者： Giovanni Miotti Luca De Marco Davide Quaglia Martina Grando Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea Caterina Gagliano Mutali Musa pier luigi Surico pier Camillo Parodi Marco Zeppieri Department of Plastic Surgery University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of Internal Medicine Azienda Sanitaria Friuli OccidentaleSan Vito al Tagliamento 33078Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I“Sapienza”University of RomeRome 00142Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Enna“Kore”Enna 94100Italy Eye Clinic Catania University San Marco Hospital Viale Carlo Azeglio CiampiCatania 95121Italy Department of Optometry University of BeninBenin 300283Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Africa Eye Laser CentreKm 7Benin 300105Nigeria Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

The aging of the periocular region has always aroused great interest.A fresh,young,and attractive sight determined an ever-greater attention to surgical and non-surgical techniques to obtain this result.In particular,the change in the concept of a young look,considered then“full”,led to the increasing use of surgical(fat grafting)or medical(hyaluronic acid)filling techniques.Eyelid rejuvenation became increasingly popular in the field of cosmetic treatments,with a focus on achieving a youthful and refreshed appearance.Among the various techniques available,the choice between using fat grafting or fillers presented a clinical dilemma.In particular,what surgery considered of fundamental importance was a long-lasting result over time.On the other hand,aesthetic medicine considered it fundamental not to have to resort to invasive treatments.But what was the reality?Was there one path better than the other,and above all,was there a better path for patients?The minireview aims to explore the physiopathology,diagnosis,treatment options,prognosis,and future studies regarding this dilemma.We analyzed the literature produced in the last 20 years comparing the two techniques.Current literature reveals advancements in biomaterials,stem cell research and tissue engineering held promise for further enhancing the field of eyelid rejuvenation.The choice between fat grafting and fillers in eyelid cosmetic treatments presented a clinical dilemma.Understanding physiopathology,accurately diagnosing eyelid aging,exploring treatment options,assessing prognosis,and conducting future studies were essential for providing optimal care to patients seeking eyelid rejuvenation.

关键词： Stem cells Adipose stem cell Ocular therapy Oculoplastics Regenerative

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Follicular lymphoma:the diminishing role of chemotherapy

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2022年第1期8卷 393-411页

作者： Beatrice Casadei Laura Nanni Ginevra Lolli pier luigi Zinzani IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna Istituto di Ematologia“Seràgnoli”Bologna 40138Italy Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e SperimentaleUniversitàdi BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Follicular lymphoma(FL)is the most common indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma,accounting for 70%of cases in Western countries.Despite this unique name,FL is an extremely heterogeneous disease,both clinically and biologically.The basis of FL heterogeneity lies in the different biological pathways which can be activated,because of the variety of gene mutations that can occur.Today,there is a growing interest in the knowledge of these activated pathways,which is also testified by the presence of a new model that incorporates FL mutations to define patient’s prognosis(m7-FLIPI).These evaluations are also appealing because of the recent possibility of using“targeted therapies”.Targeted therapies are new tools,currently applicable in the setting of relapse/refractory(R/R)disease,where we can find a great variety of“chemo-free”combinations.As in other hematologic malignancies,“cellular therapy”enriches FL drug scenario,including T-cell dependent bispecific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell.Since FL heterogeneity is the basis of the difference in therapeutic efficacy and disease course among patients,the hope for the future is to understand FL biology more deeply,to better comprehend how to obtain more representative samples and pre-treatment prognostic information in order to individualize the treatment strategy as early as frontline therapy.

关键词： Follicular lymphoma POD24 target therapies chemo-immunotherapy biological heterogeneity

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β_(2) and α_(2) adrenergic receptors mediate the proneurogenic in vitro effects of norquetiapine

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2041-2047页

作者： Valeria Bortolotto pier luigi Canonico Mariagrazia Grilli Laboratory of Neuroplasticity University of Piemonte OrientaleNovaraItaly Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Piemonte OrientaleNovaraItaly

Positive modulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis may contribute to the therapeutic effects of clinically relevant antidepressant drugs,including atypical antipsychotics.Quetiapine,an antipsychotic which represents a therapeutic option in patients who are resistant to classical antidepressants,promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis in preclinical studies.Norquetiapine,the key active metabolite of quetiapine in humans,has a distinctive receptor profile than the parent compound.The drug is indeed a high affinity norepinephrine transporter inhibitor and such activity has been proposed to contribute to its antidepressant effect.At present,no information is available on the effects of norquetiapine on adult neurogenesis.We extensively investigated the activity of quetiapine and norquetiapine on adult murine neural stem/progenitor cells and their progeny.Additionally,selective antagonists for β_(2)/α_(2) adrenergic receptors allowed us to evaluate if these receptors could mediate quetiapine and norquetiapine effects.We demonstrated that both drugs elicit in vitro proneurogenic effects but also that norquetiapine had distinctive properties which may depend on its ability to inhibit norepinephrine transporter and involve β_(2)/α_(2) adrenergic receptors.Animal care and experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees(IACUC)at University of Piemonte Orientale,Italy(approval No.1033/2015PR)on September 29,2015.

关键词： adrenergic receptors adult neurogenesis antidepressants antipsychotics depression neural progenitor cells norquetiapine quetiapine

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Externalized conductors and insulation failure in Biotronik defibrillator leads: History repeating or a false alarm?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第2期5卷 27-34页

作者： Elia De Maria Ambra Borghi Lorenzo Bonetti pier luigi Fontana Stefano Cappelli Cardiology Unit Ramazzini Hospital

Conductor externalization and insulation failure are frequent complications with the recalled St. Jude Medical Riata implantable cardioverter-defibrillator(ICD) leads. Conductor externalization is a "unique" failure mechanism: Cables externalize through the insulation("inside-out" abrasion) and appear outside the lead body. Recently, single reports described a similar failure also for Biotronik leads. Moreover, some studies reported a high rate of electrical dysfunction(not only insulation failure) with Biotronik Linox leads and a reduced survival rate in comparison with the competitors. In this paper we describe the case of a patient with a Biotronik Kentrox ICD lead presenting with signs of insulation failure and conductor externalization at fluoroscopy. Due to the high risk of extraction we decided to implant a new lead, abandoning the damaged one; lead reimplant was uneventful. Subsequently, we review currently available literature about Biotronik Kentrox and Linox ICD lead failure and in particular externalized conductors. Some single-center studies and a nonprospective registry reported a survival rate between 88% and 91% at 5 years for Linox leads, significantly worse than that of other manufacturers. However, the preliminary results of two ongoing multicenter, prospective registries(GALAXY and CELESTIAL) showed 96% survival rate at 5 years after implant, well within industry standards. Ongoing data collection is needed to confirm longer-term performance of this family of ICD leads.

关键词： Implantable cardioverter defibrillator Biotronik implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead Externalized conductors Insulation failure

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Special features of SARS-CoV-2 in daily practice

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第18期8卷 3920-3933页

作者： Ioannis A Charitos Andrea Ballini Lucrezia Bottalico Stefania Cantore pier Carmine Passarelli Francesco Inchingolo Antonio D'Addona luigi Santacroce Department of Emergency and Urgency National Poisoning CentreRiuniti University Hospital of FoggiaFoggia 71122Italy Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity Campus"E.Quagliariello"University of Bari“Aldo Moro”Bari 70125Italy Department of Precision Medicine University of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples 80138Italy Interdepartmental Research Center for Pre-Latin Latin and Oriental Rights and Culture Studies(CEDICLO)University of BariBari 70121Italy Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine University of Bari“Aldo Moro”Bari 70124Italy Sorriso&Benessere-Ricerca e Clinica S.R.L Bari 70129Italy Department of Head Neck and Sense OrgansDivision of Oral Surgery and ImplantologyFondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRome 00168Italy Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine Section of Dental MedicineUniversity of Bari“Aldo Moro”Bari 70124Italy Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs Division of Oral Surgery and ImplantologyFondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS—UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreRoma 00168Italy Ionian Department Microbiology and Virology LaboratoryPoliclinico University HospitalUniversity of Bari“Aldo Moro”Bari 70124Italy

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(commonly known as SARS-CoV-2)is a novel coronavirus(designated as 2019-nCoV),which was isolated for the first time after the Chinese health authorities reported a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan,China in December 2019.Optimal management of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 disease is evolving quickly and treatment guidelines,based on scientific evidence and experts’opinions with clinical experience,are constantly being updated.On January 30,2020,the World Health Organization declared the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak as a"Public Health Emergency of International Concern".The total lack of immune protection brought about a severe spread of the contagion all over the world.For this reason,diagnostic tools,patient management and therapeutic approaches have been tested along the way,in the desperate race to break free from the widespread infection and its fatal respiratory complications.Current medical knowledge and research on severe and critical patients’management and experimental treatments are still evolving,but several protocols on minimizing risk of infection among the general population,patients and healthcare workers have been approved and diffused by International Health Authorities.

关键词： Pandemics Viruses SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Sepsis Acute respiratory distress syndrome Acute respiratory distress syndrome Translational medicine Clinical microbiology Clinical biochemistry Antivirals Emergency and critical care medicine

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Eye Movement Modeling Examples as a Teaching Tool for Epidural Block

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2023年第4期13卷 75-84页

作者： Emanuele Capogna Marco Scorzoni Gian luigi Gonnella Matteo Velardo pier Paolo Giurì Mariano Ciancia Gaetano Draisci Giorgio Capogna European School of Obstetric Anesthesia (EESOA) Roma Italy Department of Anesthesiology Catholic University Medical School-Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS Roma Italy

Introduction: Video examples with task demonstrations by experts, with the expert’s eye movements superimposed on the task, are known as “eye movement modeling examples” (EMME). We performed this study to evaluate if there were improvements in the performance of anesthesia novice trainees when executing the epidural technique after an EMME of epidural block procedure. Methods: We developed an eye movement modeling example (EMME) from eye tracking recordings made by experienced anesthesiologists with more than 20 years of experience. Forty-two PGY3 anesthesia trainees who had never previously performed an epidural block were randomized to receive (study group) or not receive (control group) the EMME video before their institutional training. All the trainees were evaluated every 10 epidural blocks until the end of the rotation period, by an independent, blinded observer using the Global Rating Scale for Epidural Anesthesia (GRS). Results: Trainees who received the EMME training exhibited more respect for the patient’s tissues (P Discussion: This is the first study that has used the EMME for a practical, clinical teaching purpose on real patients and that has used it as an aid in teaching epidural anesthesia. We demonstrated that inexperienced trainees who received the EMME training improved their proficiency at epidural blocks as compared to those who had no EMME training beforehand. Given this result, we welcome further studies to investigate the impact and the role of EMME on clinical teaching in the field of anesthesia.

关键词： Eye Tracking Eye Movement Modeling Example Epidural Anesthesia

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ASPETTI QUALI-QUANTITATIVI DELLE RISORSE IDRICHE SOTTERRANEE DEL BRESCIANO

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Natural Disaster Reduction in China 1993年第1期 21-52页

作者： pier luigi VERCESI Dipartimento

RIASSUNTO-Vengono compendiati gli aspetti idrogeologici della provincia di Brescia attraverso l’anali-si sintetica delle she principali caratteristiche geologiche e idrogeomorfologiche.Il quadro geologico tratteggiato definisce i lineamenti della regione in studio nei suoi aspetti orografi-ci,descrivendo i vari ambiti:montani,dei conoidi,vallivi,morenici e di pianura,evidenziando i tipilitologici presenti nelle varie zone che fungono da serbatoi e da mezzi trasmissivi della risorsa idricasotterranea.Di detti corpi vengono riportate valutazioni sui principali parametri idrogeologici al finedi caratterizzare le modalità della circolazione idrica al loro interno e di definirne il grado di vulnerabilità.La caratterizzazione generale che viene fornita compendia pertanto gli elementi salienti della zonaesaminata,utilizzando peraltro valori e informazioni di carattere puntuale desunti da aree campione rap-presentative,attraverso l’acquisizione di dati locali mediante specifici e dettagliati studi.Dal complesso degli elementi conoscitivi di carattere generale the sono forniti,e che rappresentanoun preliminare momento fondamentale della ricerca,si evince la necessità di acquisire dati puntuali(infor-mazioni sui circuiti idrici,sul quadro di fratturazione e fessurazione,sulla distribuzione spaziale dellapermeabilità e porosità delle rocce,ecc.)che costituiscono i pilastri su cui basare modelli matematicidi simulazione,al fine di arrivare ad una completa ed esauriente conoscenza degli acquiferi.Di conseguenza le caratteristichc litologiche e tettoniche di un’area sono gli elementi che rendonopossibile la ricostruzione idrogeologica di una determinata zona e che permettono,attraverso opportuneelaborazioni quali modelli ed integrazioni(localizzazione dei punti d’acqua,dei centri di pericolo ecc.),di definire la potenzialità idrica,il quadro di vulnerabilità delle risorse,l’evoluzione dei fenomeni dieventuali inquinamenti.Qualitative and quantitative aspects of water resources in the area of Brescia.The hydro-geologic aspects

关键词：工人前口日月

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