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第十届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Jun Chen Reiko Horai phyllis silver Rachel Caspi State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-sen University

Purpose: A pathogenic role for IFN-γ producing Th1 cells in autoimmunity was put into question by the recent discovery of IL-17 producing Th17 cells. Like other tissue-specific autoimmunity models induced by autoantigen in complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA), experimental autoimmune uveitis(EAU) induced by IRBP/CFA is predominantly Th17-dependent and deficiency of IFN-γ exacerbates the disease. To elucidate the role of IFN-γ in IRBP-specific effector T cell responses and pathogenesis of uveitis in a physiologic context without strong exogenous stimuli, we generated an IRBPspecific TCR Tg mouse(R161H) on an IFN-γ knockout(GKO) *** ***: CFA emulsion was injected subcutaneously into R161H-GKO mice at the onset of spontaneous disease. Disease score, T-cell proliferation and T-cell activation, and Taq Man PCR were ***: Essentially all R161 H mice developed severe spontaneous uveitis by 2-3 months of age. The ocular infiltrates contained both IFN-γ and IL-17 producing effector T cells, as well as other inflammatory leukocytes. Deficiency of IFN-γ delayed the onset and markedly decreased the severity of disease. Although the frequency of IRBP-specific T cells and their proliferative responses were not affected, IRBP-activated T cells from R161H-GKO mice transferred attenuated disease to recipient mice, indicating that the defect is T cell-intrinsic. Notably, deficiency of IFN-γ did not precipitate a compensatory Th17 response locally or systemically. However, injection of a "blank" CFA emulsion into R161H-GKO mice enhanced the IRBP-specific Th17 effector response, increased CCR6+IL-17+ cell infiltration into the eye and restored EAU incidence and ***: Our results point to a pathogenic role of IFN-γ and Th1 cells in spontaneous autoimmune disease. The findings suggest that while forcing a Th17 response can compensate for lack of IFN-γ, the central role of the Th17 effector in tissue-specific autoimmunity, as defined in CFA-driven

关键词： Autoimmune uveitis IFN-γ mice experimental autoimmune uveitis

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Emerging role of cellular senescence in normal lung development and perinatal lung injury

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期2卷 10-16页

作者： phyllis A.Dennery Hongwei Yao Department of Molecular Biology Cell Biology&BiochemistryDivision of Biology and MedicineBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA Department of Pediatrics Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02903USA

Cellular senescence is a status of irreversible growth arrest,which can be triggered by the p53/p21cip1 and p16INK4/Rb pathways via intrinsic and external *** cells are typically enlarged and flattened,and characterized by numerous molecular *** latter consists of increased surfaceome,increased resid-ual lysosomal activity at pH 6.0(manifested by increased activity of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase[SA-𝛽-gal]),senescence-associated mitochondrial dysfunction,cytoplasmic chromatin fragment,nuclear lamin b1 exclusion,telomere-associated foci,and the senescence-associated secretory *** features vary depending on the stressor leading to senescence and the type of *** senescence plays pivotal roles in organismal aging and in the pathogenesis of aging-related ***,senescence can also both promote and inhibit wound healing *** recently report that senescence as a programmed pro-cess contributes to normal lung *** senescence is also observed in Down Syndrome,as well as in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and in a hyperoxia-induced rodent model of this ***,this senescence results in neonatal lung *** this review,we briefly discuss the molecular features of *** then focus on the emerging role of senescence in normal lung development and in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia as well as putative signaling pathways driving ***,we discuss potential therapeutic approaches targeting senescent cells to prevent perinatal lung diseases.

关键词： Senescence Normal lung development Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Down syndrome Senolytics

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Oxygen administration in the care of neonates： a double-edged sword

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第20期123卷 2938-2942页

作者： phyllis A. Dennery University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PA 19072 USA

Objective To evaluate the use of oxygen in neonates in the past, present and future Data sources The data are mainly from Pubmed with relevant published articles from the 1940s to the present with some information gathered from web *** selection Studies evaluating the use of oxygen in premature and term infants through history with original milestone articles *** There are still many unknowns about the proper use of oxygen in preterm and term infants but many studies suggest that both liberal use （resulting in a blood oxygen saturation of greater than 94%） as well as restrictive use （resulting in a blood oxygen saturation of less than 80%-85%） are detrimental and have long term consequences on the *** Definitive studies evaluating the appropriate concentration and duration of supplemental oxygen are ongoing and will help in the management of term and preterm infants requiring oxygen.

关键词： supplemental oxygen prematurity retinopathy of prematurity bronchopulmonary dysplasia

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Innovations in maternal and child health:case studies from Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第2期9卷 76-83页

作者： phyllis Awor Maxencia Nabiryo Lenore Manderson Makerere University College of Health Sciences School of Public HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa School of Social Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia Institute at Brown for Environment and Society Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

Background:Nearly 300 children and 20 mothers die from preventable causes daily,in *** often identify and introduce pragmatic and lasting solutions to such challenging health ***,little is known of these solutions beyond their immediate *** local and pragmatic innovations were scaled-up,they could contribute to better health outcomes for larger *** 2017 an open call was made for local examples of community-based solutions that contribute to improving maternal and child health in *** this article,we describe three top innovative community-based solutions and their contributions to maternal *** text:In this study,all innovations were implemented by non-government *** case studies highlight the importance of bringing reproductive health and maternal delivery services closer to populations,through providing accessible shelters and maternity waiting homes in isolated *** third case study focuses on bringing obstetric imaging services to lower level rural health facilities,which usually do not provide this service,through task-shifting certain sonography services to *** health system and policy relevant lessons are ***:The described case studies show how delays in access to health care by pregnant women in rural communities can be systematically removed,to improve pregnancy and delivery *** should be put on identification,capacity building and research to support the scale up of these community-based health solutions.

关键词： Community-based solutions Maternal and child health Social innovations Social innovations in health Innovations in maternal and child health Case study research Uganda

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Plant responses to arbuscular mycorrhizae under elevated temperature and drought

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 692-701页

作者： phyllis H.Pischl Nicholas A.Barber Department of Biological Sciences Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA Institute for the Study of the Environment Sustainabilityand EnergyNorthern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA

Aims Climate change is predicted to cause both increased temperatures and changes in precipitation,leading to more severe droughts in some *** these changes will affect plant growth may depend in part on biotic *** vascular plants form symbiotic rela-tionships with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF),root symbionts that provide soil nutrients to plants in exchange for carbohydrates,which may reduce the effects of environmental stresses on *** investigated if AMF modified temperature and drought effects on plant growth,fitness and defenses against *** We manipulated AMF presence,temperature and water availability on bell pepper plants(Capsicum annuum L.)in a field setting to measure plant growth and fitness *** a growth chamber experiment,we also investigated if AMF influenced insect herbi-vores feeding on plants at elevated *** findings Drought consistently reduced plant growth,and AMF did not change drought ***,with sufficient water,AMF tended to benefit plant growth and flower production(but not fruit production)compared to non-mycorrhizal *** the growth chamber,temperature and AMF influenced plant protein and phos-phorus contents,but not defensive chemistry or herbivore ***,AMF may ameliorate the effects of temperature stress due to climate change on plants by increasing growth and nutrient content,but these effects do not extend to the constitutive herbivory defenses examined here.

关键词： aboveground-belowground arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi climate change drought herbivore indirect effects

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Preparation and evaluation of colon targeted drug delivery systems for albendazole using kneading,extrusion and compaction technology

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药学学报 2009年第10期44卷 1152-1158页

作者： Martins EMEJE phyllis NWABUNIKE Yetunde ISIMI Olobayo KUNLE Sabinus OFOEFULE Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Raw Materials Development National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy University of Nigeria

Albendazole is an orally administered broad-spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic used against helminthiasis,hydatid cyst disease and *** objectives of this investigation are to develop a sustained release drug delivery system for albendazole,and to target its delivery to *** matrix tablets containing varying proportions of single and binary blends of four polymers;polyacrylic acid(carbopol 971),ethylcellulose(Etcell),eudragit L100-55(EUD),and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) were prepared by a modified wet granulation technique of kneading,extrusion and *** vitro release profiles of albendazole was sequentially determined in simulated gastric fluid(SGF),simulated intestinal fluid(SIF) without enzymes and in rat caecal content medium(RCCM) at 37 ℃.The in vitro drug release from matrix tablets containing CMC and Etcell as single polymers showed initial burst effect in the first 2 h(>20% and 50% respectively),followed by a slow release in ***,matrix tablets containing polymer blends showed that no appreciable drug release occurred up to 5 *** release from tablets containing polymer blends in the dissolution medium containing rat caecal material suddenly increased to ≥30% after 5 h(RCCM),and reaching up to 90% in 24 *** matrix tablets containing carbopol 971,Etcell,EUD,and CMC as single polymers and as blends were formulated for oral *** release from the tablet matrices containing carbopol alone,binary blends of carbopol/Etcell,and CMC/EUD were found to be very slow and dependent on polymer *** tablets containing blends of these polymers formulated using kneading,extrusion and compaction technique could provide sustained drug release and can be utilized in the colonic delivery of albendazole.

关键词：制剂学药学医学蠕虫病

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Intracellular signaling mechanisms regulating the activation of human eosinophils by the novel Th2 cytokine IL-33:implications for allergic inflammation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第1期7卷 26-34页

作者： Joyce YS Chow Chun K Wong phyllis FY Cheung Christopher WK Lam Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinNTHong KongChina Macao Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macao University of Science and Technology FoundationMacaoChina

The novel interleukin(IL)-1 family cytokine IL-33 has been shown to activate T helper 2(Th2)lymphocytes,mast cells and basophils to produce an array of proinflammatory cytokines,as well as to mediate blood eosinophilia,IgE secretion and hypertrophy of airway epithelium in *** the present study,we characterized the activation of human eosinophils by IL-33,and investigated the underlying intracellular signaling ***-33 markedly enhanced eosinophil survival and upregulated cell surface expression of the adhesion molecule intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM)-1 on eosinophils,but it suppressed that of ICAM-3 and *** addition,IL-33 mediates significant release of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the chemokines CXCL8 and *** found that IL33-mediated enhancement of survival,induction of adhesion molecules,and release of cytokines and chemokines were differentially regulated by activation of the nuclear factor(NF)-KB,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)***,we compared the above IL-33 activities with two structurally and functionally related cytokines,IL-1 B and ***-1β,but not IL-18,markedly upregulated cell surface expression of ***-1βand IL-18 also significantly enhanced eosinophil survival,and induced the release of IL-6 and chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2 via the activation of the NF-κB,p38 MAPK and ERK *** efects on the release of IL-6 were also observed in combined treatment withIL-1B,IL-18 and *** together,our findings provide insight into IL-33-mediated activation of eosinophils via differential intracellular signaling cascades in the immunopathogenesis of allergic inflammation.

关键词： allergy cytokines eosinophils signal transduction

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Heart rate is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes: The diabetes heart study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第1期9卷 33-39页

作者： Sameer Prasada Cameron Oswalt phyllis Yeboah Georgia Saylor Donald Bowden Joseph Yeboah Department of Medical School (Medical students) Wake Forest University Department of Internal Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Health Department of Heart and Vascular Center of Excellence Wake Forest Baptist Health Department of Biochemistry Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research Wake Forest University

AIM To assess the association of resting heart rate with allcause and cardiovascular disease(CVD) mortality in the Diabetes Heart Study(DHS).METHODS Out of a total of 1443 participants recruited into the DHS, 1315 participants with type 2 diabetes who were free of atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia during the baseline exam were included in this analysis. Heart rate was collected from baseline resting electrocardiogram and mortality(all-cause and CVD) was obtained from state and national death registry. Kaplan-Meier(K-M) and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess the *** The mean age, body mass index(BMI) and systolic blood pressure(SBP) of the cohort were 61.4 ± 9.2 years, 32.0 ± 6.6 kg/m2, and 139.4 ± 19.4 mmHg respectively. Fiftysix percent were females, 85% were whites, 15% were blacks, 18% were smokers. The mean ± SD heart rate was 69.8(11.9) beats per minute(bpm). After a median follow-up time of 8.5 years(maximum follow-up time is 14.0 years), 258 participants were deceased. In K-M analysis, participants with heart rate above the median had a significantly higher event rate compared with those below the median(log-rank P = 0.0223). A one standard deviation increase in heart rate was associated with allcause mortality in unadjusted(hazard ratio 1.16, 95%CI: 1.03-1.31) and adjusted(hazard ratio 1.20, 95%CI: 1.05-1.37) models. Similar results were obtained with CVD mortality as the outcome of *** Heart rate is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in this population with type 2 diabetes. In this study, a 1-SD increase in heart rate was associated with a 20% increase in risk suggesting that additional prognostic information may be gleaned from this ubiquitously collected vital sign.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Mortality Resting heart rate Prevention

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Enhancing the competitiveness and sustainability of social enterprises in Hong Kong: A three-dimensional analysis

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2019年第2期12卷 157-176页

作者： Sidney Leung phyllis Mo Howard Ling Yanto Chandra So Sum Ho Department of Accountancy College of BusinessCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina Social Enterprise Business Centre Hong Kong Council of Social ServiceHong KongChina Department of Applied Social Science The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Running a social enterprise(SE) is more difficult than running a small or medium-sized enterprise because SEs have to achieve both economic sustainability as business enterprises and their social mission for the benefit of *** a few years of operation, many SEs fail or struggle for survival. In this study, we examine some of the factors that affect an SE’s profitability, financial management, and business planning and management. Based on in-depth interviews with 22 social enterprises in Hong Kong, we find that SEs with the dual investment objectives of social mission and financial return are more sustainable and competitive than SEs with social impact as their sole objective. Furthermore, SEs managed by non-owner managers have better financial planning and performance than those managed by owner managers. In addition, SEs with an oversight/advisory committee are more competitive and have better management practices than those without such a committee. Our findings have policy implications for government, SEs, funding bodies, and non-profit organizations to enhance and promote the development of the social enterprise sector.

关键词： Social enterprises Corporate governance Sustainability Social mission Advisory committee Social enterprise performance

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APlaceCalledHome

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语言教育 1999年第9期 21-25页

作者： phyllis Hobe 谢琼

“When can I go home?Soon?”Dad asked as I was puttingon my coat, his voice *** there in his wheelchair, my 87-year-old fatherlooked as bereft as a little boy who had just dropped his icecream cone on the sidewalk. ~* I couldn’t bring myself to say nooutright.“We’ll see,”I said. I brushed his wispy gray hair offhis forehead and gave him a kiss.“Bye,Dad. I’ll be back tomor-

关键词： APlaceCalledHome

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