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New Scenarios for a Shift towards Agroecology in Viticulture

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第10期12卷 1003-1033页

作者： Nawel Aouadi Francis Macary Laurent Delière Jean-philippe Roby INRAE ETBX F-33612 Cestas France INRAE SAVE Bordeaux Sciences Agro Univ. Bordeaux F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon France INRAE UE Vigne Bordeaux F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon France INRAE EGFV Bordeaux Sciences Agro Univ. Bordeaux F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon France

In the light of its negative impacts on the environment and human health, conventional agriculture is currently facing new challenges;for example, reducing pesticide reliance, improving biodiversity, adapting to climate change and reconciling winegrowers with consumers, which require changes to be made to vineyard management. A shift towards more sustainable agriculture via the development of agroecological systems may be key to meeting these environmental, economic and social challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of existing viticultural systems, as well as that of three new scenarios that we built to change conventional vine production systems and their related practices. The end aim is to adopt the principles of agroecology, and more virtuously, to ensure that vine production remains in line with societal expectations. First, thirty-eight different viticultural systems were chosen. Three realistic scenarios for changing these production systems were then built by working with stakeholders and incorporating the best practices that had been identified in the vineyard. conventional practices were optimised in the first scenario and an agroecological approach was adopted for the other two scenarios: an Agroecological scenario (using synthetic chemicals) and an Agroecological-Bio scenario (organic system). All three scenarios were based on a combination of good practices which contribute to enhancing vineyard biodiversity, and which thus restore biological regulation and in turn reduce pesticides. The viticultural systems performances have been evaluated with a methodology involving multicriteria decision aid using ELEcTRE Tri-c and ELEcTRE III methods. Seven evaluation criteria were selected which covered socio-economic performance (economic profitability, workload and system complexity) and environmental performance (pesticide pressure, pesticide ecotoxicity, agroecological practices and pesticide drift). The best performances were achieved by the

关键词： Viticultural System Agroecology Biodiversity Pesticides Multicriteria Decision Aid Methods ELEcTRE Methods

微过氧化物酶-11在碳纳米管/壳聚糖修饰电极上的直接电化学及电催化(英文)

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功能材料与器件学报 2009年第2期15卷 132-142页

作者：姜慧君 philippe Mercier Shiunchin c. Wang 杜翀李晓伟杨辉 Daniel L.Akins 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所上海200050 南京医科大学药学院南京210029 cASI and Department of chemistry The City College of The City University of New York

采用一步法于室温下有选择性地将小管径的单壁碳纳米管(SWcNTs)分散于生物相容性的聚合物——壳聚糖的水溶液中,并将其滴涂于玻碳电极表面,制备出微过氧化物酶-11(MP-11)修饰电极。循环伏安结果表明SWcNT促进了MP-11在电极表面的直接电... 详细信息

采用一步法于室温下有选择性地将小管径的单壁碳纳米管(SWcNTs)分散于生物相容性的聚合物——壳聚糖的水溶液中,并将其滴涂于玻碳电极表面,制备出微过氧化物酶-11(MP-11)修饰电极。循环伏安结果表明SWcNT促进了MP-11在电极表面的直接电子传递,在pH=7.2的磷酸缓冲溶液中,MP-11的式电位为-0.36V(***),MP-11在电极表面的直接电子转移表观速率常数和覆盖度分别为78s-1和8.76×***-2。进一步的研究结果显示,固定在SWcNT表面的MP-11能保持其对氧气和过氧化氢还原的生物电催化活性,适合用作生物燃料电池的阴极和过氧化氢传感器。氧气在该修饰电极上的还原经历一个四电子过程;该过氧化氢生物传感器对过氧化氢还原的检测具有响应灵敏度高(响应时间小于4s),检测线性范围为2.5×10-6～7.0×10-5μM,检测限为0.8μM,相应的米氏常数和检测灵敏度分别为1.0mMand22.4μA/mM。

关键词：微过氧化物酶-11 单壁碳纳米管壳聚糖直接电化学电催化

A longitudinal study of SARS-coV-2-infected patients reveals a high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and cOVID-19 severity

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 318-327页

作者： Vincent Legros Solène Denolly Manon Vogrig Bertrand Boson Eglantine Siret Josselin Rigaill Sylvie Pillet Florence Grattard Sylvie Gonzalo Paul Verhoeven Omran Allatif philippe Berthelot carole Pélissier Guillaume Thiery Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers Guillaume Millet Jérôme Morel Stéphane Paul Thierry Walzer François-Loïc cosset Thomas Bourlet Bruno Pozzetto cIRI–centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie Team EVIRUniv LyonUniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1InsermU1111CNRSUMR5308ENS Lyon46 allée d’ItalieF-69007LyonFrance Universitéde Lyon VetAgro SupMarcy-l’ÉtoileFrance Department of Infectious Agents and Hygiene University-Hospital of Saint-EtienneSaint-EtienneFrance Department of Immunology University-Hospital of Saint-EtienneSaint-EtienneFrance cIRI–centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie Team GIMAPUniv LyonUniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1InsermU1111CNRSUMR5308ENS Lyon46 allée d’ItalieF-69007LyonFrance Department of Infectious Diseases University-Hospital of Saint-EtienneSaint-EtienneFrance Department of Occupational Medicine University-Hospital of Saint-EtienneSaint-EtienneFrance Department of Intensive care and Resuscitation(Réanimation G) University-Hospital of Saint-EtienneSaint-EtienneFrance Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité Universitéde LyonUniversitéJean MonnetSaint-EtienneFrance Department of Anesthesiology and critical care University-Hospital of Saint-EtienneSaint-EtienneFrance

Understanding the immune responses elicited by SARS-coV-2 infection is critical in terms of protection against reinfection and,thus,for public health policy and vaccine development for *** this study,using either live SARS-coV-2 particles or retroviruses pseudotyped with the SARS-coV-2 S viral surface protein(Spike),we studied the neutralizing antibody(nAb)response in serum samples from a cohort of 140 SARS-coV-2 qPcR-confirmed infections,including patients with mild symptoms and also more severe forms,including those that required intensive *** show that nAb titers correlated strongly with disease severity and with anti-spike IgG ***,patients from intensive care units exhibited high nAb titers;conversely,patients with milder disease symptoms had heterogeneous nAb titers,and asymptomatic or exclusive outpatient-care patients had no or low *** found that nAb activity in SARS-coV-2-infected patients displayed a relatively rapid decline after recovery compared to individuals infected with other ***,we found an absence of cross-neutralization between endemic coronaviruses and SARS-coV-2,indicating that previous infection by human coronaviruses may not generate protective nAbs against ***,we found that the D614G mutation in the spike protein,which has recently been identified as the current major variant in Europe,does not allow neutralization ***,our results contribute to our understanding of the immune correlates of SARS-coV-2-induced disease,and rapid evaluation of the role of the humoral response in the pathogenesis of SARS-coV-2 is warranted.

关键词： Antibody Pathogenesis Humoral response cOVID-19 SARS-coV-2v

Spatial and Temporal Structures of the Macrozoobenthos from the Intertidal Zone of the Kneiss Islands (central Mediterranean Sea)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2016年第2期6卷 223-237页

作者： Nawfel Mosbahi Jean-philippe Pezy Jean-claude Dauvin Lassad Neifar Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques Faculté des Sciences de Sfax Université de Sfax Sfax Tunisie cNRS UMR 6143 M2c Laboratoire Morphodynamique Continentale et C?tière Université de Caen Normandie UNICAEN Caen France

The present study analyses the spatio-temporal variability of the macrozoobenthos from the intertidal zone of the Kneiss Islands (Gulf of Gabès, Tunisia). Samples were collected once from 34 stations, while seasonal variations were studied by sampling four times at 12 stations over the period 2013-2014. A total of 159 macrobenthos taxa associated with intertidal Zostera noltei beds are identified from the 34 stations, with a taxonomic dominance of crustaceans (32%), molluscs (29%) and annelids (27%). Abundance varies from 9244 to 36,844 ind·m-2 with a mean value of 14,346 ind·m-2. Analysis of the trophic structure shows that the majority of stations are strongly represented by carnivores (41%), followed by the non-selective deposit feeders (16%). cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling allow identification of three main benthic assemblages based on species abundance, corresponding to different sediment types and organic matter contents. The seasonal variability in abundance, diversity and community structure is mainly due to spring and summer recruitment. The biotic indices (i.e. AMBI, BO2A and BENTIX) show that the intertidal area of Kneiss Islands exhibits a good ecological status.

关键词： Kneiss Islands Zostera noltei Spatial Distribution Seasonal Variability Benthic Macrofauna

Neutrophil depletion-but not prevention of Kupffer cell activation-decreases the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第8期12卷 1219-1224页

作者： catherine M Pastor Alain Vonlaufen Fabianna Georgi Antoine Hadengue philippe Morel Jean-Louis Frossard Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Hépatique et Imagerie Moléculaire H■pitaux Universitaires de GenèveB■timent CRoom 6-79524 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Division of Gastroentérologie et Hépatologie H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Département APSI H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland Département de chirurgie H■pitaux Universitaires de Genève24 Rue Micheli-du-Crest1205 GenevaSwitzerland

AIM： To determine whether neutrophil depletion and Kupffer cell inhibition might combine their protective effects to decrease the severity of acute pancreatitis. METHODS： Nice had cerulein administration to induce acute pancreatitis and were pretreated with either anti-mouse neutrophil serum or gadolinium chloride （Gdch） to prevent Kupffer cell activation, or both treatments. Injury was assessed in pancreas and lungs. Myeloperoxidases （MPO） assessed neutrophil infiltration. Interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-10 were measured in serum, pancreas, lungs and liver. RESULTS： In mice with acute pancreatitis, neutrophil depletion reduced the severity of pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury. Kupffer cell inactivation by Gdch had less protective effect, although IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations were significantly decreased. The protective treatment brought by neutrophil depletion was not enhanced by Kupffer cell inactivation and both treatments did not combine their protective effects. cONcLUSION： Our results confirm the role of activated neutrophils in aggravating organ injury in acute pancreatitis while the role of Kupffer cell activation is less obvious.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis cytokines Neutrophils Kupffer cells Pulmonary injury

Molecular detection and quantification of Xanthomonas albilineans in juice from symptomless sugarcane stalks using a real-time quantitative PcR assay

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Molecular detection and quantification of Xanthomonas albili...

The inhibitory mechanism of ammonium on the photosynthesis of rice-field cyanobacterium GE-XIAN-MI （Nostoc）

中国植物病理学会2021年学术年会

作者： SHI Yang ZHAO Jianying ZHOU Jingru NTAMBO Mbuya Sylvain XU Pengyuan ROTT philippe c. GAO Sanji National Engineering Research center for Sugarcane Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Département de phytotechnie Faculté des Sciences AgronomiquesUniversité de Lubumbashi cIRAD UMRPHIMF-34398 MontpellierFranceand PHIMPlant Health InstituteUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroIRD

Leaf scald,a bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas albilineans(Ashby) Dowson,is a major limiting factor for sugarcane production *** identification and quantification of *** is a prerequisite for successful management of this disease.A very sensitive and robust qPcR assay was developed in this study for detection and quantification of *** using TaqMan probe and primers targeting a putative adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette(ABc) transporter gene(abc).The novel qPcR assay was highly specific to the 43 tested *** strains belonging to different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) *** detection thresholds were 100 copies/μL of plasmid DNA,100 fg/μL of bacterial genomic DNA,and 100 cFU/mL of bacterial suspension prepared from pure *** qPcR assay was 100 times more sensitive than a conventional PcR *** pathogen was detected by qPcR in 75.1%(410/546) symptomless stalk samples,whereas only28.4%(155/546) samples tested positive by conventional *** on qPcR data,population densities of *** in symptomless stalks of the same varieties differed between two sugarcane production areas in china,Beihai(Guangxi province) and Zhanjiang(Guangdong province).Nonsignificant correlation of *** populations was found between Beihai and *** newly developed qPcR assay proved to be highly sensitive and reliable for the detection and quantification of *** in sugarcane stalks.

关键词： Leaf scald molecular detection real-time quantitative PcR Saccharum spp. Xanthomonas albilineans

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The inhibitory mechanism of ammonium on the photosynthesis o...

Towards standardizing taxonomic ranks using divergence times-a case study for reconstruction of the Agaricus taxonomic system

纪念殷宏章先生百年诞辰暨全国光合作用学术研讨会

作者： charles P. Deblois philippe Juneau Départment des Sciences Biologiques - TOXEN Canada Research Chair on Ecotoxicology of Aquatic Microorganisms Université du Québec à Montréal Succursale Centre-ville C.P. 8888 Montréal Québec Canada H3C 3P8

＜正＞Intensive agricultural activities lead to an increase reduced nitrogen concentration in the atmosphere. It is estimated that nitrogen deposition from the atmosphere （NH3） linked to human activities can reach l... 详细信息

关键词： cyanobacterium GE-XIAN-MI (Nostoc) ammonium photosynthesis rice-field

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Fungal Diversity 2016年第3期78卷 239-292页

作者： Rui-Lin Zhao Jun-Liang Zhou Jie chen Simona Margaritescu Santiago Sánchez-Ramírez Kevin D Hyde philippe callac Luis A.Parra Guo-Jie Li Jean-Marc Moncalvo State Key Laboratory of Mycology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Microbiology and Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest control Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah LuangUniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Natural History Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoON M5S 2C6Canada Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3B2Canada Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences132 Lanhei RoadKunming 650201China INRA-UR1264 Mycologie et Sécuritédes AlimentsCS 2003233882 Villenave d’Ornon cedexFrance Avda.Padre claret n°7 5°G09400 Aranda de DueroBurgosSpain

The recognition of taxonomic ranks in the Linnean classification system is largely *** authors have proposed the use of divergence time as a universally standardized ***(Agaricaceae,Agaricales)is a mushroom genus that contains many species of high commercial *** studies using ITS sequence data discovered 11 new phylogenetic lineages within the genus,however their taxonomic ranks were uncertain due to the lack of criteria to define them within traditional *** this study,we analyzed ITS sequence data from 745 collections(nearly 600 being newly generated)including 86 from type specimens of previously recognized subgenera and *** monophyletic groups were recognized,but most basal relationships were *** hundred and fourteen representatives of the identified ITS clades were selected in order to produce a multi-gene phylogeny based on combined LSU,tef-1α,and rpb2 sequence *** times within the multi-gene phylogeny were estimated using BEAST *** on phylogenetic relationships and with respect to morphology,we propose a revised taxonomic system for Agaricus that considers divergence time as a standardized criterion for establishing taxonomic *** propose to segregate Agaricus into five subgenera and 20 *** Pseudochitonia is substantially emended;circumscription of the subgenera Agaricus and Flavoagaricus is restricted to taxa of sections Agaricus and Arvenses,respectively;and two new subgenera(Minores and Spissicaules)are *** Pseudochitonia,sections Bivelares,Brunneopicti,chitonioides,Nigrobrunnescentes,Sanguinolenti and Xanthodermatei are maintained,but the latter two are reduced because we raise subsection Bohusia to sectional rank and a clade within section Xanthodermatei is formally introduced as section Hondenses;and sections Rubricosi,crassispori,Flocculenti,and Amoeni are *** Laeticolores is placed in the subgenus Minores and sections Rarolen

关键词： Agaricaceae Divergence times Multi-gene phylogenetics Systematics Taxonomy

Application of poly-lactide-co-glycolide-microspheres in the transarterial chemoembolization in an animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第1期9卷 94-98页

作者： Jochen Truebenbach Florian Graepler philippe Pereira Peter Huppert Thomas Eul Gundula Wiemann claus claussen Department of Diagnostic Radiology Eberhard-Karls-University TubingenHoppe-Seyler-Strasse-3Tubingen 72076Germany

AIM:To introduce an animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma (Hcc) in AcI-rats, and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Poly-lactide-co-glycolide(PIcg)-microspheres in the transarterial chemoembolization (TAcE) in ... 详细信息

关键词：肝细胞癌动物模型动脉灌注化疗栓塞介入治疗肿瘤抑制