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A metapopulation network model for the spreading of SARSCoV-2: Case study for Ireland

Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 420-437页

作者： Rory humphries Mary Spillane Kieran Mulchrone Sebastian Wieczorek Micheal O’Riordain philipp hövel School of Mathematical Sciences University College CorkWestern RoadCorkT12XF64Ireland Department of Surgery Mercy University HospitalGrenville PlaceCorkT12WE28Ireland

We present preliminary results on an all-Ireland network modelling approach to simulate the spreading the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),commonly known as the *** the model,nodes correspond to locations or communities that are connected by links indicating travel and commuting between different *** this proposed modelling framework can be applied on all levels of spatial granularity and different countries,we consider Ireland as a case *** network comprises 3440 electoral divisions(EDs)of the Republic of Ireland and 890 superoutput areas(SOAs)for Northern Ireland,which corresponds to local administrative units below the NUTS 3 *** local dynamics within each node follows a phenomenological SIRX compartmental model including classes of Susceptibles,Infected,Recovered and Quarantined(X)inspired from Science 368,742(2020).For better comparison to empirical data,we extended that model by a class of *** consider various scenarios including the 5-phase roadmap for *** addition,as proof of concept,we investigate the effect of dynamic interventions that aim to keep the number of infected below a given *** is achieved by dynamically adjusting containment measures on a national scale,which could also be implemented at a regional(county)or local(ED/SOA)*** find that-in principle-dynamic interventions are capable to limit the impact of future waves of outbreaks,but on the downside,in the absence of a vaccine,such a strategy can last several years until herd immunity is reached.

关键词： Compartmental model SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Non-pharmaceutical containment strategies Network model

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News on the physics potential of the reaction e^+e^-→ Zγ

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第2期64卷 27-28页

作者： philipp Roloff CERN CH-1211Geneva 23Switzerland

The next large project in particle physics is widely expected to be a high-energy electron-positron *** a facility could be realised as a circular collider,like the Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)and the Future e^+e^-Circular Collider(FCC-ee)[1],or as a linear collider,like the International Linear Collider(ILC)and the Compact Linear Collider(CLIC)[2].

关键词： circular positron potential

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Plants against cancer:towards green Taxol production through pathway discovery and metabolic engineering

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aBIOTECh 2024年第3期5卷 394-402页

作者： philipp Zerbe Department of Plant Biology University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA

The diversity of plant natural products presents a rich resource for accelerating drug discovery and addressing pressing human health ***,the challenges in accessing and cultivating source species,as well as metabolite structural complexity,and general low abundance present considerable hurdles in developing plant-derived *** in high-throughput sequencing,genome assembly,gene synthesis,analytical technologies,and synthetic biology approaches,now enable us to efficiently identify and engineer enzymes and metabolic pathways for producing natural and new-to-nature therapeutics and drug *** review highlights challenges and progress in plant natural product discovery and engineering by example of recent breakthroughs in identifying the missing enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the anti-cancer agent Taxol^(®).These enzyme resources offer new avenues for the bio-manufacture and semi-synthesis of an old blockbuster drug.

关键词： Taxol Plant natural products Synthetic biology Pathway discovery Metabolic engineering

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Calibration-free speckle matrix imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第3期11卷 1-3页

作者： philipp del hougne Univ Rennes CNRSIETR-UMR 616435000RennesFrance

Unknown speckle patterns can be used to image targets embedded in complex scattering media 100 times faster than previous techniques based on carefully calibrated illuminations.

关键词： speckle illumination faster

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Wave propagation through disordered media without backscattering and intensity variations

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 623-629页

作者： Konstantinos G Makris Andre Brandstötter philipp Ambichl Ziad h Musslimani Stefan Rotter Crete Center for Quantum Complexity and Nanotechnology Department of PhysicsUniversity of CreteHeraklion 71003Greece Institute for Theoretical Physics Vienna University of Technology(TU-Wien)Vienna 1040Austria Department of Mathematics Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA

A fundamental manifestation of wave scattering in a disordered medium is the highly complex intensity pattern the waves acquire due to multi-path *** we show that these intensity variations can be entirely suppressed by adding disorder-specific gain and loss components to the *** resulting constant-intensity waves in such non-hermitian scattering landscapes are free of any backscattering and feature perfect transmission through the *** experimental demonstration of these unique wave states is envisioned based on spatially modulated pump beams that can flexibly control the gain and loss components in an active medium.

关键词： Anderson localisation complex media non-hermitian physics scattering

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Impact of surface phase coexistence on the development of step-free areas on Si（111）

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2015年第2期9卷 141-146页

作者： Andreas FISSEL Ayan Roy ChAUDhURI Jan KRUGENER philipp GRIBISCh h. Jorg OSTEN Institute of Electronic Materials and Devices Leibniz University Hannover Schneiderberg 32 30167 Hannover Germany

The step-flow growth condition of Si on Si（111） near the （7×7）-＂1×1＂ surface phase transition temperature Tc are analyzed within the framework of Burton- Cabrera-Frank theory. In particular, coexistence of both surface phases well below Tc and their specific influence on the step-flow growth behavior are considered. We presume that under dynamical condition of growth, the surface initially covered by only the （7×7） phase separates into domains surrounded by ＂1×1＂ areas. On such a surface, the overall supersaturation should be reduced drastically compared to a surface with only （7×7）, resulting in much larger critical terrace width for nucleation.

关键词： molecular beam epitaxy step-flow growth mode surface superstructure silicon

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Effect of nanoparticle concentration on zeta-potential measurement results and reproducibility

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Particuology 2010年第3期8卷 279-285页

作者： Ratna Tantra philipp Schulze Paul Quincey National Physical Laboratory Hampton Road Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LW UK Department of Physics University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK. National Physical Laboratory Hampton Road Teddington Middlesex TW11 0LW

The effect of nanoparticle concentration on zeta-potential measurement results at dilute concentrations was evaluated. The values of the zeta-potential for four different types of nanoparticles, Ludox （silica）, multi-walled carbon nanotubes （bamboo-shaped and hollow nanotubes） and gold, at various concentrations, were obtained using a laser Doppler electrophoresis instrument. The size of the nanoparticles on dilution was measured using dynamic light scattering （DLS）. The results show that there is a concentration range within which the zeta-potential, and particle size, are not affected by nanoparticle concentration. The lower concentration limit for the system to produce consistent results was dependent on the nature of the sample under study and ranged between 10-2 and 10-4 wt%. Below this concentration, there was an apparent shift in zeta-potential values to less negative values, which was accompanied by an increase in the particle size. The shift in zeta-potential was attributed to an increase in contribution of the signal from extraneous particulate matter. The increase in particle size was attributed to the nature of the homodyne optical configuration of the instrument. The aim of this study was to elucidate the range in nanoparticle concentration that allows for accurate and reliable measurement of the zeta-potential and DLS data.

关键词： Nanoparticles Zeta-potential Dynamic light scattering Reproducibility

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Entropy‑Conservative Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for the Shallow Water Equations with Uncertainty

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第3期6卷 1978-2010页

作者： Janina Bender philipp Öffner Institute of Mathematics University KasselMonchebergstraße 1934127 KasselGermany Institute of Mathematics Johannes Gutenberg UniversityStaudingerweg 955099 MainzGermany Mathematical Institute Technical University ClausthalErzstraße 138678 Clausthal ZellerfeldGermany

In this paper,we develop an entropy-conservative discontinuous Galerkin(DG)method for the shallow water(SW)equation with random *** of the most popular methods for uncertainty quantifcation is the generalized Polynomial Chaos(gPC)approach which we consider in the following *** apply the stochastic Galerkin(SG)method to the stochastic SW *** the SG approach in the stochastic hyperbolic SW system yields a purely deterministic system that is not necessarily hyperbolic *** lack of the hyperbolicity leads to ill-posedness and stability issues in numerical *** transforming the system using Roe variables,the hyperbolicity can be ensured and an entropy-entropy fux pair is known from a recent investigation by Gerster and herty(***.27(3):639–671,2020).We use this pair and determine a corresponding entropy fux ***,we construct entropy conservative numerical twopoint fuxes for this augmented *** applying these new numerical fuxes in a nodal DG spectral element method(DGSEM)with fux diferencing ansatz,we obtain a provable entropy conservative(dissipative)*** numerical experiments,we validate our theoretical fndings.

关键词： Shallow water(SW)equations Entropy conservation/dissipation Uncertainty quantification Discontinuous Galerkin(DG) Generalized Polynomial Chaos(gPC)

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Second premolar agenesis is associated with mandibular form： a geometric morphometric analysis of mandibular cross-sections

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International Journal of Oral Science 2016年第4期8卷 254-260页

作者： Michael h Bertl Kristina Bertl Manuel Wagner Andre Gahleitner Andreas Stavropoulos Christian Ulm philipp Mitteroecker Division of Orthodontics School of Dentistry Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Periodontology Faculty of Odontology University of Malmo MalmoSweden Division of Oral Surgery School of Dentistry Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Diagnostic Radiology Division of Osteoradiology General Hospital Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Theoretical Biology University of Vienna Vienna Austria

The aim of this study was to compare mandibular form （i.e., size and shape） between patients with agenesis of the lower second premolar （P2） and a control group with no agenesis. Three hypotheses were tested：（h1） agenesis causes a change in mandibular morphology because of inadequate alveolar ridge development in the area of the missing tooth （mandibular plasticity）; （h2） agenesis is caused by spatial limitations within the mandible （dental plasticity）; and （h3） common genetic/ epigenetic factors cause agenesis and affect mandibular form （pleiotropy）. A geometric morphometric analysis was applied to cross-sectional images of computed tomography （CT） scans of three matched groups （n= 50 each）：（1） regularly erupted P2; （2） agenesis of P2 and the primary second molar in situ; and （3） agenesis of P2 and the primary second molar missing for 〉3 months. Cross-sections of the three areas of interest （first premolar, P2, first molar） were digitized with 23 landmarks and superimposed by a generalized Procrustes analysis. On average, the mandibular cross-sections were narrower and shorter in patients with P2 agenesis compared with that in the control group. Both agenesis groups featured a pronounced submandibular fossa. These differences extended at least one tooth beyond the agenesis-affected region. Taken together with the large interindividual variation that resulted in massively overlapping group distributions, these findings support genetic and/or epigenetic pleiotropy （h3） as the most likely origin of the observed covariation between mandibular form and odontogenesis. Clinically, reduced dimensions and greater variability of mandibular form, as well as a pronounced submandibular fossa, should be expected during the treatment planning of patients with P2 agenesis.

关键词： agenesis cross-sections geometric morphometrics mandibular form

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Mode structure symmetry breaking of reversed shear Alfvén eigenmodes and its impact on the generation of parallel velocity asymmetries in energetic particle distribution

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第2期24卷 17-27页

作者： Guo MENG philipp LAUBER Xin WANG Zhixin LU Max-Planck-Institut fiir Plasmaphysik D-85748 GarchingGermany

In this work,the gyrokinetic eigenvalue code LIGKA,the drift-kinetic/MhD hybrid code hMGC and the gyrokinetic full-f code TRIMEG-GKX are employed to study the mode structure details of reversed shear Alfvén eigenmodes(RSAEs).Using the parameters from an ASDEXUpgrade plasma,a benchmark with the three different physical models for RSAE without and with energetic particles(EPs)is carried *** agreement has been found for the mode frequency and the growth *** structure symmetry breaking(MSSB)is observed when EPs are included,due to the EPs’non-perturbative *** is found that the MSSB properties are featured by a finite radial wave phase velocity,and the linear mode structure can be well described by an analytical complex Gaussian expressionФ(s)=e^(-σ(s-s_(0))^(2))with complex parametersσand s_(0),where s is the normalized radial *** mode structure is distorted in opposite manners when the EP drive shifted from one side of qminto the other side,and specifically,a non-zero average radial wave number with opposite signs is *** initial EP density profiles and the corresponding mode structures have been used as the input of hAGIS code to study the EP *** parallel velocity of EPs is generated in opposite directions,due to different values of the average radial wave number,corresponding to different initial EP density profiles with EP drive shifted away from the qmin.

关键词： reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode symmetry breaking energetic particles non-perturbative effects

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