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Helicobacter pylori: the primary cause of duodenal ulceration or a secondary infection?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第2期7卷 149-151页

作者： M Hobsley Fl tovey Department of Surgery Royal Free and University College Medical SchoolLondon67-73 Riding House StreetLondonWIP 7LD

INTRODUCTIONIt is generally accepted that Helicobacter pylori ( ***) infection has a role in duodenal ulceration .Eradicaton of H .pylori accelerates healing compared with placebo in the absence of control of gastric secretion and reduces ulcer recurrence .There is increasing evidence ,however ,that is may not be the primary cause of duodenal ulceration ,but that is may be a secondary factor in a nnmber of cases .This possibility is supported by four sets of observations : 1 Geographical distribution:

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Duodenal Ulcer Helicobacter Infections Humans

Precise role of H pylori in duodenal ulceration

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第40期12卷 6413-6419页

作者： Michael Hobsley Frank I tovey John Holton Department of Surgery Royal Free and University College Medical School London United Kingdom Department of Microbiology Royal Free and University College Medical School London United Kingdom

The facts that H pylori infection is commoner in duodenal ulcer (DU) patients than in the normal population, and that eradication results in most cases being cured, have led to the belief that it causes DU. However, early cases of DU are less likely than established ones to be infected. H pylori-negative cases are usually ascribed to specific associated factors such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), Crohn’s disease, and hypergastrinaemia, but even after excluding these, several H pylori-negative cases remain and are particularly common in areas of low prevalence of H pylori infection. Moreover, this incidence of H pylori negative DU is not associated with a fall in overall DU prevalence when compared with countries with a higher H pylori prevalence. In countries with a high H pylori prevalence there are regional differences in DU prevalence, but no evidence of an overall higher prevalence of DU than in countries with a low H pylori prevalence. There is no evidence that virulence factors are predictive of clinical outcome. After healing following eradication of H pylori infection DU can still recur. Medical or surgical measures to reduce acid output can lead to long-term healing despite persistence of H pylori infection. Up to half of cases of acute DU perforation are H pylori negative. These findings lead to the conclusion that H pylori infection does not itself cause DU, but leads to resistance to healing, i.e., chronicity. This conclusion is shown not to be incompatible with the universally high prevalence of DU compared with controls.

关键词： Duodenal ulceration H pylori infection Not causal Delays healing

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加强对肥胖的初级预防:群体随机试验

英国医学杂志中文版 2004年第2期7卷 127-127页

作者： Helen Moore Carolyn D Summerbell Darren C Greenwood philip tovey Jacqui Griffiths Maureen Henderson Kate Hesketh Sally Woolgar Ashley J Adamson 顾佳

目的:对一个面向全科医师,旨在加强肥胖初级预防的培训项目进行评估。设计:群体随机试验。地点:英格兰北部及约克郡地区。

关键词：肥胖初级预防试验生活方式

Helicobacterpylori virulence factors in duodenal ulceration:A primary cause or a secondary infection causing chronicity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第1期12卷 6-9页

作者： FrankI tovey Michael Hobsley John Holton Department of Surgery University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Microbiology University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom

Reports from countries with a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori （H pylori） infection do not show a proportionately high prevalence of duodenal ulceration, suggesting the possibility that H pylori cannot be a primary cause of duodenal ulceration. It has been mooted that this discrepancy might be explained by variations in the prevalence of virulence factors in different populations. The aim of this paper is to determine whether the published literature gives support to this possibility. The relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed separately for countries with a high and low prevalence of Hpylori infection and virulence factors. Although virulent strains of Hpylori were significantly more often present in patients with duodenal ulcer than without the disease in countries with a low prevalence of H pylori infection in the population, there was no difference in the prevalence of virulence factors between duodenal ulcer, nonulcer dyspepsia or normal subjects in many countries, where the prevalence of both Hpylori infection and of virulence factors was high. In these countries, the presence of virulence factors was not predictive the clinical outcome. To explain the association between virulence factors and duodenal ulcer in countries where H pylori prevalence is low, only two papers were found that give little support to the usual model proposed, namely that organisms with the virulence factors are more likely than those without them to initiate a duodenal ulcer. We offer an alternative hypothesis that suggests virulence factors are more likely to interfere with the healing of a previously produced ulcer. The presence of virulence factors only correlates with the prevalence of duodenal ulcer in countries where the prevalence of H pylori is low. There is very little evidence that virulence factors initiate duodenal ulceration, but they may be related to failure of the ulcer to heal.

关键词： Duodenal ulceration Helicobacter pylorivirulence factors

How labile is gastric infection with Hpylori?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第35期13卷 4665-4668页

作者： M Hobsley FI tovey J Holton Departments of Surgery and Medical Microbiology Royal Free and University College Medical SchoolUnited Kingdom

It is known that patients infected with H pylori can spontaneously become free from infection, and that the reverse change can occur. The time-scale of these conversions is expressed as percentages per year. Since they have been investigated in terms of serology, the changes are called sero-reversion and sero-conversion respectively. Using serological evidence to investigate these phenomena is open to the criticisms that positive serology can be present in the absence of all other evidence of infection, and that a time-lag of 6-12 mo or longer can occur between eradication of the infection and sero-reversion. Investigations using direct evidence of current infection are sparse. The few that exist suggest that some individuals can seroconvert or sero- revert within six to twelve weeks. If these findings are confirmed, it means that some patients have an ability that is variable in time to resist, or spontaneously recover from, H pylori infection. Evidence suggests that the deciding factor of susceptibility is the level of gastric secretion of acid.

关键词： H pylori Lability of infection Serology Conversion Reversion

Milling of wheat, maize and rice: Effects on fibre and lipid content and health

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第12期10卷 1695-1696页

作者： FI tovey Hon.Research Fellow M Hobsley Professor Emeritus Dept.of SurgeryUCLUK

During the last thirty years the main interest in the medical consequences of milling of staple carbohydrate foods, particularly wheat and maize, has been in its effect on the fibre content as a result of the milling. The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the West saw great changes in milling processes, from stone milling using water or wind power, to increasingly sophisticated roller milling, with an

关键词： Dietary Fiber Food Handling Lipids Cereals Dietary Carbohydrates Humans Oryza sativa Triticum Zea mays

Ants as architects of living,self-healing structures

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医用生物力学 2013年第S1期28卷 30-32页

作者： David Hu Nathan Mlot Craig tovey Paul Foster Schools of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Schools of Biology Georgia Institute of Technology School of Industrial Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

We present experiments and theory on the ability of fire ants to both flow like a fluid and aggregate like a *** floods,fire ants link their bodies together to weave hydrophobic rafts in the manner of *** returning to land,they construct bivouacs that are shaped such that each ant supports an equal load throughout *** attention is paid to rationalizing construction rates based upon individual behaviors and constraints of the *** ant species form functional self-assemblages by linking themselves *** viewed collectively,a fire ant self-assemblage exhibits bulk material characteristics,such as the ability to flow or support *** assemblages can be constructed and disassembled ***

关键词： assemblage aggregate themselves linking quickly floods constraints tower manner shaped

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KINEMATICS

Chinese Physics C 2016年第10期40卷 560-564页

作者： J.D. Jackson D.R. tovey LBNL Sheffield

Throughout this section units are used in which h = c = 1. The following conversions axe useful： hc = 197.3 MeV fm, （tic）2 = 0.3894 （GeV）2 mb.

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Congratulation on World Journal of Gastroenterology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第1期13卷 158-158页

作者： Frank Ivor tovey Honorary Research Felllow Department of Surgery University College London London United Kingdom

Dear Professor Lian-Sheng Ma, Professor Michael Hobsley and I have greatly enjoyed reading the account of all you have done towards the development of ＂The World Journal of Gastroenterology＂, as described in the article by Zhen-Xi Li in the November 21st. issue of the Journal. It is an amazing achievement! Yours is the only international gastroenterological iournal to come out weekly! The standard of the articles is extremely high and the Journal is equal in size to ＂Gut＂（Leaderette： 2005 Impact Factor-Gastroenterology ＆ Hepatology list：1 GASTROENTEROLOGY 12.386; 2 HEPATOLOGY 9.792; GUT 7.692）, which comes out only monthly. You have achieved all this in a matter of only 10 years-truly a wonderful achievement. We do congratulate you.

关键词： Gastroenterology