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Establishing the Tolerability to Turkeys of Nonanoic Acid at Practical Levels of Use as a Feed Flavoring

Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第3期11卷 422-439页

作者： Maria H. L. Bento Elizabeth A. Lewis Miquel Nofrarias Borja Vilà philip mcguire Kurt Richardson NutraSteward Pembroke Dock UK CReSA—Animal Health IRTA Bellaterra Spain Animal Nutrition IRTA Constantí Spain Anitox Wellingborough UK

Objective: Nonanoic acid (NA) is one of a series of straight-chain aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, acids and their derivatives with a well-documented history of use as a synthetic flavoring in human food. As part of a safety evaluation of NA for use as a flavoring in animal feed, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the ability of turkeys to tolerate NA at levels relevant to practical feeding practices. Materials and Methods: A total of 594-day-old BUT Premium turkeys (300 males and 294 females) were allocated at random to 40 floor pens containing either 15 males or 13 to 15 females. Poults were fed one of 4 treatment diets in crumble (0 to 14 days) or pellet (15 to 59 days) form containing 0 (control), 100, 300 or 1000 mg NA/kg complete feed for 59 days. General health and performance were monitored for the duration of the study. At days 57 and 59 of age, blood samples were taken and birds were sacrificed and necropsied for histopathological examination of the digestive tract. Significant differences were considered at P ≤ 0.05 and near-significant trends at P ≤ 0.10. <

关键词： Turkey Flavoring Nonanoic Acid Safety

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Extensive brain structural network abnormality in first-episode treatment-naive patients with schizophrenia:Morphological and covariation study

Extensive brain structural network abnormality in first-epis...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Siew E Chua Charlton Cheung Grinne M.McAlonan Pak C Sham David A Collier Marco Picchioni Stefania Benetti Andrea Mechelli Nicolas Crossley Joseph P.Kambeitz Paul Allen philip mcguire Department of Psychiatry The University of Hong KongPokfulamS.A.R.China MRC SGDP Centre Institute of PsychiatryKing's College LondonLondon SE5 8AFUK Division of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry Section of NeuroimagingInstitute of PsychiatryKing's College LondonLondon SE5 8AFUK St Andrew's Academic Centre Institute of PsychiatryKing's College LondonNN1 5BG Department of Psychosis Study Institute of PsychiatryKing's College LondonLondon SE5 8AFUK

＜正＞Objective With a particular focus on putative cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical（CSTC） networks current study aimed to explore robust gray matter volume（GMV） changes in non-medicated first-episode schizophrenia（FES） *** High-resolution T1-weighted images were obtained using 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging from 86 first-episode drug-naive schizophrenia patients and 86 healthy controls（CON）.Severity of symptoms in patients was evaluated by using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale（PANSS）.Fourteen spherical region of interest （ROI） GMV in the CSTC loop were acquired after optimized voxel-based morphometry（VBM） *** of Spherical ROIs and corresponding correlation coefficients were compared between FES and CON *** associations of GMV with PANSS subscale score and symptom dimension scores were also *** GMV reduction was detected in bilateral hippocampus in FES group by VBM *** located in left inferior frontal gyrus（Brodmann’s area 47） and right thalamus（medial dosal nucleus） present GMV *** of ROIs revealed more extensive GMV loss and disassociation between *** Our study support that schizophrenia involves distributed rather than focal pathology and disordered *** analysis could make compensation to VBM and ROI method to uncover more subtle aberrations in regional correlation.

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