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Local neuronal circuits that may shape the discharge patterns of inferior collicular neurons

Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第5期29卷 541-552页

作者： Zi-Ying Fu Hui-Xian Mei Liang Cheng Jing Bai Jia Tang philip hung-sun jen Qi-Cai Chen School of Life Sciences & Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology Central China Normal University Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri-Columbia

The discharge patterns of neurons in auditory centers encode information about ***,few studies have focused on the synaptic mechanisms underlying the shaping of discharge patterns using intracellular recording ***,we investigated the discharge patterns of inferior collicular（IC）neurons using intracellular recordings to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying the shaping of discharge *** in vivo intracellular recording conditions,recordings were obtained from 66 IC neurons in 18 healthy adult mice（Mus musculus,Km）under free *** of these neurons fired bursts of action potentials（APs）to auditory stimuli and the remaining eight just generated local responses such as excitatory（n=4）or inhibitory（n=4）postsynaptic *** on the APs and subthreshold responses,the discharge patterns were classified into seven types：phasic（24/58,41.4%）,phasic burst（8/58,13.8%）,pauser（4/58,6.9%）,phasic-pauser（1/58,1.7%）,chopper（2/58,3.4%）,primary-like tonic（14/58,24.1%）and sound-induced inhibitory（5/58,8.6%）.We concluded that（1）IC neurons exhibit at least seven distinct discharge patterns;（2）inhibition participates in shaping the discharge pattern of most IC neurons and plays a role in sculpting the pattern,except for the primary-like tonic pattern which was not shapedby inhibition;and（3）local neural circuits are the likely structural basis that shapes the discharge patterns of IC neurons and can be formed either in the IC or in lower-level auditory structures.

关键词： inferior collicular neuron discharge pattern synaptic mechanism local neuronal circuit in vivo intracellular recording

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A novel homozygous missense variant in ARSK causes MPS X,a new subtype of mucopolysaccharidosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 87-90页

作者： Miao sun Cornelia K.Kaminsky philip Deppe Mai-Brittllse Frederic M.Vaz Barbara Plecko Torben Lubke Linda M.Randolph Division of Genomic Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA Department of Radiology Children's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA Department of Chemistry BiochemistryBielefeld UniversityBielefeld 33615Germany Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam Department of Clinical Chemistry and PediatricsLaboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesEmma Children's HospitalMeibergdreef 9Amsterdam 1100 DEthe Netherlands Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Inborn Errors of MetabolismAmsterdam 1105 BKthe Netherlands Core Facility Metabolomics Amsterdam UMC Location University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1100DDthe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Division of General PediatricsMedical Universityof GrazGraz8036Austria Division of Medical Genetics Department of PediatricsChildren's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90027USA

Mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS)are a group of rare inborn errors of metabolism caused by defective lysosomal enzymes which prevent cells from degrading and recycling certain carbohydrates and fats,resulting in the storage of glycosaminoglycans in cells throughout the *** leads to multisystem abnormalities involving bone,connective tissues,brain,blood,spinal cord,skin,and other tissues.

关键词： metabolism doses polys

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Unveiling a novel metal-to-metal transition in LuH_(2):Critically challenging superconductivity claims in lutetium hydrides

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 65-73页

作者： Dong Wang Ningning Wang Caoshun Zhang Chunsheng Xia Weicheng Guo Xia Yin Kejun Bu Takeshi Nakagawa Jianbo Zhang Federico Gorelli philip Dalladay-Simpson Thomas Meier Xujie Lü Liling sun Jinguang Cheng Qiaoshi Zeng Yang Ding Ho-kwang Mao Center for High-Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Beijing 100094China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Material Frontiers Research in Extreme Environments(MFree) Shanghai Advanced Research in Physical Sciences(SHARPS)Shanghai 201203China

Following the recent report by Dasenbrock-Gammon et al.[Nature 615,244–250(2023)]of near-ambient superconductivity in nitrogendoped lutetium trihydride(LuH_(3-δ)N_(ε)),significant debate has emerged surrounding the composition and interpretation of the observed sharp resistance ***,we meticulously revisit these claims through comprehensive characterization and *** definitively identify the reported material as lutetium dihydride(LuH_(2)),resolving the ambiguity surrounding its *** similar conditions(270–295 K and 1–2 GPa),we replicate the reported sharp decrease in electrical resistance with a 30%success rate,aligning with the observations by Dasenbrock-Gammon et ***,our extensive investigations reveal this phenomenon to be a novel pressure-induced metal-to-metal transition intrinsic to LuH_(2),distinct from ***,nitrogen doping exerts minimal impact on this *** work not only elucidates the fundamental properties of LuH_(2)andLuH_(3),but also critically challenges the notion of superconductivity in these lutetium hydride *** findings pave the way for future research on lutetium hydride systems,while emphasizing the crucial importance of rigorous verification in claims of ambient-temperature superconductivity.

关键词： resistance hydride superconductivity

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Quantifying foliar trait variation and covariation in sun and shade leaves using leaf spectroscopy in eastern North America

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 728-742页

作者： Zhihui Wang philip A.Townsend Eric L.Kruger Anna K.Schweiger Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and ApplicationGuangzhou Institute of GeographyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510070China Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology University of Wisconsin-Madison1630 Linden DriveMadisonWI53706USA Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences Montana State University334 Leon Johnson HallBozemanMT59717USA

Characterizing foliar trait variation in sun and shade leaves can provide insights into inter-and intra-species resource use strategies and plant response to environmental ***,datasets with records of multiple foliar traits from the same individual and including shade leaves are sparse,which limits our ability to investigate trait-trait,trait-environment relationships and trait coordination in both sun and shade *** presented a comprehensive dataset of 15 foliar traits from sun and shade leaves sampled with leaf spectroscopy,including 424 individuals of 110 plant species from 19 sites across eastern North *** investigated trait variation,covariation,scaling relationships with leaf mass,and the effects of environment,canopy position,and taxonomy on trait ***,sun leaves had higher leaf mass per area,nonstructural carbohydrates and total phenolics,lower mass-based chlorophyll a+b,carotenoids,phosphorus,and potassium,but exhibited species-specific *** between sun and shade leaf traits,and trait-environment relationships were overall consistent across *** main dimensions of foliar trait variation in seed plants were revealed including leaf economics traits,photosynthetic pigments,defense,and structural *** and canopy position collectively explained most of the foliar trait *** study highlights the importance of including intra-individual and intra-specific trait variation to improve our understanding of ecosystem *** findings have implications for efficient field sampling,and trait mapping with remote sensing.

关键词： Foliar traits Leaf trait variation Trait-environment covariation Shade leaves NEON Leaf spectroscopy

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Corticofugal modulation of frequency tuning of inferior collicular neurons in big brown bat,Eptesicus fuscus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第10期46卷 836-839页

作者： ZHANG Jiping sun Xinde philip H.-S.jen Department of Biology East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri-ColumbiaMO 65211USA

In order to explore the possible mechanism of corticofugal modulation of excitatory frequency tuning curves (EFTCs) of midbrain neurons, we examined the change of sharpness, frequency-intensity response area, minimum threshold of both EFTCs and inhibitory frequency tuning curves (IFTCs) of inferior collicular neurons during corticofugal modulation using two-tone inhibition paradigm and micro-electrical stimulation technique. Our data showed that corticofugal inhibition increased sharpness, minimum threshold, and decreased the frequency-intensity response area of EFTCs, at the same time it decreased the sharpness, minimum threshold but increased the frequency-intensity response area of IFTCs. The opposite results were observed for EFTCs and IFTCs of corticofugally facilitated inferior collicular neurons. During corticofugal inhibition, the percent change of frequency-intensity response area of EFTCs had significant correlation with the percent change of that of IFTCs. These data suggest that cortical

关键词： bat auditory cortex inferior colliculus frequency tuning modulation.

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Structural Controls Analysis and Its Correlation with Geothermal Occurrence at Barrier Volcanic Complex (BVC), Turkana, Kenya

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第3期15卷 231-245页

作者： philip Lomorukai Emekwi Nicholas O. Mariita Patrick Chege Kariuki Geothermal Training and Research Institute (GeTRI) Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya

Geothermal is a clean energy source that is freely available in the subsurface. The exploitation of this vital resource needs intensive exploration in order to identify and quantify its occurrence. The three parameters considered when assessing the viability of a geothermal system include;heat source, fractures and fluids. Geological structures are important in transportation of fluids to and from the heat source aiding in recharge of the geothermal system and enhancing productivity. Remote sensing method was applied in mapping the structures at Barrier Volcanic Complex (BVC) by using hill shading technique which utilized four illumination angles of the sun (azimuth) i.e. 45°, 90°, 150°, and 315°, constant elevation of 45° and exaggeration of 10. The data used was Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Satellite Imagery. ArcGIS Software was used for lineaments delineation and density mapping, PCI Geomatica was used to generate major faults, while Georose and Rockworks 17 were used to generate the rose diagrams. Geological structural analysis was done by delineating lineaments, determining the density distribution of lineaments and finally determining the structural trends of lineaments. The generated major faults in the area and the location of the occurrence of surface manifestations were compared with the generated lineaments. A total of 260 lineaments were generated whereby at 45° there was a total of 60 lineaments, at 90° 95 lineaments, at 150° 61 lineaments, and at 315° 44 lineaments. The results of structural analysis in the area as shown by the rose diagrams indicate an NNE-SSW and N-S trending of structures. In conclusion, the study area is highly fractured as indicated by the presence of numerous lineaments. These lineaments provide good recharge to the geothermal system and enhance the geothermal reservoir in the area.

关键词： Geothermal Resource Lineaments Lineaments Density Structural Controls

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Regulation of ferroptosis in cancer cells by YAP/TAZ and Hippo pathways:The therapeutic implications

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第3期8卷 241-249页

作者： Tianai sun jen-Tsan Chi Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA Center for Genomic and Computational Biology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA

Ferroptosis is a novel form of iron-dependent cell death characterized by lipid *** the importance and disease relevance of ferroptosis is gaining recognition,much remains unknown about various genetic and non-genetic determinants of *** signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that responds to various envi-ronmental cues and controls organ size,cell proliferation,death,and self-renewal *** cancer biology,Hippo pathway is a potent tumor suppressing mechanism and its dysregulation contributes to apoptosis evasion,cancer development,metastasis,and treatment *** dysregulation leads to aberrant activation of YAP and TAZ,the two major transcription co-activators of TEADs,that induce the expression of genes triggering tumor-promoting pheno-types,including enhanced cell proliferation,self-renewal and apoptosis *** Hippo pathway is regulated by the cell-cell contact and cellular density/***,fer-roptosis has also been found being regulated by the cellular contact and *** YAP/TAZ activation under low density,while confers apoptosis resistance,renders cancer cells sensitivity to *** findings establish YAP/TAZ and Hippo pathways as novel deter-minants of ***,inducing ferroptosis may have therapeutic potential for YAP/TAZ-activated chemo-resistant and metastatic tumor ***,various YAP/TAZ-targeting treatments under clinical development may confer ferroptosis resistance,limiting the therapeutic efficacy.

关键词： Apoptosis Ferroptosis Hippo pathway Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif(TAZ) Yes-associated protein 1(YAP1)

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大蹄蝠回声定位信号特征与下丘神经元频率调谐

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动物学杂志 2009年第1期44卷 128-132页

作者：付子英唐佳 jen philip hung-sun 陈其才华中师范大学生命科学学院遗传调控与整合生物学湖北省重点实验室武汉430079 Division of Biological Sciences and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program University of Missouri-Columbia

采用超声监测仪录制超声信号和细胞外电生理记录下丘神经元的频率调谐曲线(frequency tuning curves,FTCs)的方法,探讨了大蹄蝠(Hipposideros armiger)回声定位信号与下丘(inferior colliculus,IC)神经元频率调谐之间的相关性。结果发现... 详细信息

采用超声监测仪录制超声信号和细胞外电生理记录下丘神经元的频率调谐曲线(frequency tuning curves,FTCs)的方法,探讨了大蹄蝠(Hipposideros armiger)回声定位信号与下丘(inferior colliculus,IC)神经元频率调谐之间的相关性。结果发现,大蹄蝠回声定位叫声为恒频-调频(constant frequency-frequency modulated,CF-FM)信号,一般含有2～3个谐波,第二谐波为其主频,CF成分频率(Mean±SD,n=18)依次为:(33.3±0.2)、(66.5±0.3)、(99.4±0.5)kHz;电生理实验共获得72个神经元的频率调谐曲线,Q10-dB值的范围是0.5～95.4(9.2±14.6,n=72),最佳频率(best frequency,BF)在回声定位主频附近的神经元具有尖锐的频率调谐特性。结果表明,大蹄蝠回声定位信号与下丘神经元频率调谐存在相关性,表现为最佳频率在回声定位信号主频附近的神经元频率调谐曲线的Q10-dB值较大,具有很强的频率分析能力。

关键词：回声定位信号下丘神经元频率调谐大蹄蝠

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The adaptive value of increasing pulse repetition rate during hunting by echolocating bats

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第2期8卷 198-215页

作者： philip H.-S. jen Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA

During hunting, bats of suborder Microchiropetra emit intense ultrasonic pulses and analyze the weak returning echoes with their highly developed auditory system to extract the information about insects or obstacles. These bats progressively shorten the duration, lower the frequency, decrease the intensity and increase the repetition rate of emitted pulses as they search, approach, and finally intercept insects or negotiate obstacles. This dynamic variation in multiple parameters of emitted pulses predicts that analysis of an echo parameter by the bat would be inevitably affected by other co-varying echo parameters. The progressive increase in the pulse repetition rate throughout the entire course of hunting would presumably enable the bat to extract maximal information from the increasing number of echoes about the rapid changes in the target or obstacle position for successful hunting. However, the increase in pulse repetition rate may make it difficult to produce intense short pulse at high repetition rate at the end of long-held breath. The increase in pulse repetition rate may also make it difficult to produce high frequency pulse due to the inability of the bat laryngeal muscles to reach its full extent of each contraction and relaxation cycle at a high repetition rate. In addition, the increase in pulse repetition rate increases the minimum threshold （i.e. decrease auditory sensitivity） and the response latency of auditory neurons. In spite of these seemingly physiological disadvantages in pulse emission and auditory sensitivity, these bats do progressively increase pulse repetition rate throughout a target approaching sequence. Then, what is the adaptive value of increasing pulse repetition rate during echolocation？ What are the underlying mechanisms for obtaining maximal information about the target features during increasing pulse repetition rate？ This article reviews the electrophysiological studies of the effect of pulse repetition rate on multiple- para

关键词： bat echolocation inferior colliculus multiple-parametric selectivity pulse repetition rate

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FM成分对CF-FM蝙蝠下丘神经元恢复周期的作用

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听力学及言语疾病杂志 2009年第1期17卷 55-57页

作者：唐佳付子英 jen philip hung-sun 陈其才华中师范大学生命科学学院和遗传调控与整合生物学湖北省重点实验室武汉430079 Division of Biological Sciences and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program University of Missouri-Columbia

目的探讨调频(frequency-modulated,FM)成分在恒频/调频(constant frequency-frequency mod-ulation,CF-FM)蝙蝠下丘(inferior colliculus,IC)神经元恢复周期中的作用。方法在5只听力正常的大蹄蝠IC记录单个神经元的反应及CF和CF-FM声刺激模式下的神经元恢复周期曲线。结果以CF刺激条件下的恢复周期曲线为对照,CF-FM声刺激使大部分神经元恢复周期缩短(49.1%,P0.05)。结论回声定位信号中的FM成分在CF-FM蝙蝠缩短恢复周期以处理高重复率的回声信息方面显得尤为重要,有利于CF-FM蝙蝠IC神经元对高重复率回声的分析。

关键词： FM成分下丘神经元恢复周期 CF—FM蝙蝠

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