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Advancing Energy Systems with In-Situ and Operando Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy

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ccS chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1403-1421页

作者： Haoming Bao Shi Xuan Leong Jaslyn Ru Ting chen Zhenhai Shi Suli chen Yan Lv Tianxi Liu In Yee phang Xing Yi Ling Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological colloids Ministry of EducationInternational Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy CompositesSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122 School of chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy(SERS)has emerged as a powerful analytical technique to enable nanoscale investigations of energy *** mini-review focuses on the applications of in-situ and operando SERS in energy-related research,highlighting its unique capabilities and significant contributions to understanding energy storage and conversion *** first introduce the fundamental principles of SERS,key SERS-derived techniques,and commonly employed ***,we delve into the diverse applications of in-situ and operando SERS across various energy systems,encompassing photocatalytic and electrocatalytic systems,fuel cells,solar cells,and ***,we conclude with our perspective on the current challenges and prospects in this *** hope thismini-review serves as an essential overview to guide the design and implementation of in-situ and operando SERS studies of energy systems.

关键词： surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy in-situ operando energy systems photocatalysis electrocatalysis fuel cells solar cells batteries

Electron microscopic visualization of asymmetric precursor translocation intermediates:SecA functions as a dimer

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2010年第9期53卷 1049-1056页

作者： tai phang c Department of Biology Georgia State University

SecA,the ATPase of Sec translocase,mediates the post-translational translocation of preprotein through the protein-conduct-ing channel SecYEG in the bacterial inner *** we report the structures of Escherichia coli Sec intermediates during preprotein translocation as visualized by electron microscopy to probe the oligomeric states of SecA during this *** found that the translocase holoenzyme is symmetrically assembled by SecA and SecYEG on proteoliposomes,whereas the translocation intermediate 31 (I31) becomes asymmetric because of the presence of ***,SecA is a dimer in these two translocation *** work also shows surface topological changes in the components of translocation intermediates by immunogold *** channel entry for preprotein translocation was found at the center of the I31 *** results indicate that the presence of preprotein introduces asymmetry into translocation intermediates,while SecA remains dimeric during the translocation process.

关键词： SecA SecYEG electron microscopy single particle analysis

Microbial reduction of graphene oxide and its application in microbial fuel cells and biophotovoltaics

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2023年第2期17卷 45-63页

作者： Jing-Ye Tee Fong-Lee Ng Fiona Seh-Lin Keng G.Gnana kumar Siew-Moi phang Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences(IOES) Universiti Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Institute for Advanced Studies Universiti Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Physical chemistry School of ChemistryMadurai Kamaraj UniversityMadurai 625021Tamil NaduIndia Faculty of Applied Sciences UCSI University56000 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Despite more than a decade of study,there are still significant obstacles to overcome before graphene can be successfully produced on a large scale for commercial *** oxidation of graphite to produce graphene oxide(GO),followed by a subsequent reduction process to synthesize reduced graphene oxide(rGO),is considered the most practical method for mass ***,which are abundant in nature and inexpensive,are one of the potential green reductants for rGO ***,there is no recent review discussing the reported microbial reduction of GO in *** address this,we present a comprehensive review on the reduction of GO by a range of microorganisms and compared their efficacies and reaction ***,presented were the mechanisms by which microorganisms reduce *** also reviewed the recent advancements in using microbially reduced GO as the anode and cathode material in the microbial fuel cell(MFc)and algal biophotovoltaics(BPV),as well as the challenges and future directions in microbial fuel cell research.

关键词： reduced graphene oxide microbial reduction microbial fuel cell algal biophotovoltaics green chemistry

An Enhanced Hadoop Heartbeat Mechanism for MapReduce Task Scheduler Using Dynamic calibration

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china communications 2018年第11期15卷 93-110页

作者： Xinzhu Lu Keatkeong phang Faculty of computer science and information technology University of Malaya

MapReduce is a popular program ming model for processing large-scale dataset in a distributed environment and is a funda mental component of current cloud comput ing and big data applications. In this paper a heartbeat mechanism for MapReduce Task Scheduler using Dynamic calibration(HMTS Dc) is proposed to address the unbalanced node computation capacity problem in a het erogeneous MapReduce environment. HMTS Dc uses two mechanisms to dynamically adapt and balance tasks assigned to each com pute node: 1) using heartbeat to dynamically estimate the capacity of the compute nodes and 2) using data locality of replicated data blocks to reduce data transfer between nodes With the first mechanism, based on the heart beats received during the early state of the job the task scheduler can dynamically estimate the computational capacity of each node. Us ing the second mechanism, unprocessed Task local to each compute node are reassigned and reserved to allow nodes with greater capacitie to reserve more local tasks than their weake counterparts. Experimental results show tha HMTS-Dc performs better than Hadoop and Dynamic Data Placement Strategy(DDP) in a dynamic environment. Furthermore, an en hanced HMTS-Dc(EHMTS-Dc) is proposed by incorporating historical data. In contrasto the "slow start" property of HMTS-Dc, EHMTS-Dc relies on the historical computation capacity of the slave machines. The experimental results show that EHMTS-Dc outperforms HMTS-Dc in a dynamic environment.

关键词：调度程序机制刻度心跳计算节点计算能力环境处理流行程序

Genomic prediction of seasonal forage yield in perennial ryegrass

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Grassland Research 2023年第3期2卷 167-181页

作者： Agnieszka Konkolewska Steffie phang Patrick conaghan Dan Milbourne Aonghus Lawlor Stephen Byrne crop Science Department TeagascCarlowCo.CarlowIreland Insight SFI Research centre for Data Analytics University College DublinDublinIreland VistaMilk SFI Research centre FermoyCo.CorkIreland Grassland Science Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreTeagascCarlowIreland

Background:Genomic selection has the potential to accelerate genetic gain in perennial ryegrass breeding,provided complex traits such as forage yield can be predicted with sufficient ***:In this study,we compared modelling approaches and feature selection strategies to evaluate the accuracy of genomic prediction models for seasonal forage yield ***:Overall,model selection had limited impact on predictive ability when using the full data *** a baseline genomic best linear unbiased prediction model,the highest mean predictive accuracy was obtained for spring grazing(0.78),summer grazing(0.62)and second cut silage(0.56).In terms of feature selection strategies,using uncorrelated single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)had no impact on predictive ability,allowing for a potential decrease of the data set *** a genome-wide association study,we found a significant SNP marker for spring grazing,located in the genic region annotated as coding for an enzyme responsible for fucosylation of xyloglucans—major components of the plant cell *** also presented an approach to increase interpretability of genomic prediction models with the use of Gene Ontology enrichment ***:Approaches for feature selection will be relevant in development of low-cost genotyping platforms in support of routine and cost-effective implementation of genomic selection.

关键词： forage yield genomic selection perennial ryegrass breeding

Salt Tolerance in Soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1196-1212页

作者： Tsui-Hung phang Hon-Ming Lam Department of Biology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong China State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong China

Soybean is an important cash crop and its productivity is significantly hampered by salt stress. High salt imposes negative impacts on growth, nodulation, agronomy traits, seed quality and quantity, and thus reduces the yield of soybean. To cope with salt stress, soybean has developed several tolerance mechanisms, including：（i） maintenance of ion homeostasis; （ii） adjustment in response to osmotic stress; （iii） restoration of osmotic balance; and （iv） other metabolic and structural adaptations. The regulatory network for abiotic stress responses in higher plants has been studied extensively in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana. Some homologous components involved in salt stress responses have been identified in soybean. In this review, we tried to integrate the relevant works on soybean and proposes a working model to describe its salt stress responses at the molecular level.

关键词： abiotic stress Glycine max ion homeostasis osmotic adjustment reactive oxygen species scavenging salt tolerance soybean.

Studies on crystal Transition of Polyamide 11 Nanocomposites by Variable-temperature X-Ray Diffraction

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chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第1期32卷 115-122页

作者：刘天西 Dan chen In Yee phang 韦春 Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research)

Polyamide I1 （PAll） and its nanocomposites with different organoclay loadings were prepared by melt-compounding and subsequent pelletizing. The crystal phase transitions of PAl 1 and its clay nanocomposites were investigated by variable-temperature X-ray diffraction. It was found that the Brill transition of the nanocomposite was 20 K higher than that of the neat PAl 1 for both heating and cooling processes. The PAl 1 d-spacings of the nanocomposites were observed to be smaller than those of the neat PAl 1 for melt crystallization. The constraints imposed by the addition of layered clay, restricting the thermal expansion of the polymer chains, are probably responsible for such a reduction of the d-spacing.

关键词： Polyamide 11 clay Nanocomposites crystal transition Variable-temperature X-ray diffraction.

Effects of geraniin(rambutan rind extract) on blood pressure and metabolic parameters in rats fed high-fat diet

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第2期17卷 100-106页

作者： Sonia chew Wen phang Uma Devi Palanisamy Khalid Abdul Kadir School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia

Objective: A preliminary study showed that geraniin extracted from Nephelium lappaceum L. at 50 mg/kg caused reduction in blood glucose and insulin resistance. The present study serves to further investigate the effects of geraniin at increasing doses between 3.125 and 100 mg/kg in high-fat diet-treated ***: Geraniin(95% purity) was extracted and purified from rambutan rind. Two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with 60% high-fat diet and standard rat chow, respectively, for 12 ***-fat diet-treated rats were then administered geraniin at different doses. Body weight, blood pressure and blood glucose readings were measured. At the end of treatment, blood was collected for analysis of glycated haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), insulin, advanced glycation end-product(AGE) levels, renin, aldosterone and ***: Within the first week of treatment, even the lowest dose of geraniin caused a significant reduction in blood pressure, which was comparable to control diet-treated rats. There were no changes in serum electrolytes, renin or aldosterone. Similarly, there was a significant reduction in serum insulin,insulin resistance and AGE levels at the lowest dose. However, there was no significant decrease in fasting blood glucose or HbA1c. The effects of decreasing insulin, insulin resistance and AGEs were observed only at the lower doses, unlike the results observed for blood pressure ***: Geraniin at lower doses improved blood pressure and other metabolic parameters. Secondary metabolites of geraniin, associated with antihypertensive activity, are relatively different to those involved in inhibiting AGE formation and increasing insulin sensitivity. The secondary metabolites of geraniin may be individually responsible for the bioactivities demonstrated.

关键词： Metabolic syndrome Hypertension Hyperglycemia Insulin resistance Advanced glycation end-product levels Geraniin

Singapore’s economicdevelopment:pro-or anti-Washington consensus?

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Economic and Political Studies 2018年第1期6卷 30-52页

作者： Nathan Peng Sock-Yong phang School of Social Sciences Singapore Management UniversitySingapore School of Economics Singapore Management UniversitySingapore

Singapore's remarkable economic development in the past five decades since independence has attracted much policy *** article first provides a brief overview of Singapore's economic *** second part discusses Singapore's development strategies that are aligned with the Washington consensus:globalisation,conservative fiscal and monetary policies,investments in education and *** also discusses the policies adopted to further enhance the outcomes of such *** third part focusses on policies that are inconsistent with the prescriptions of the Washington consensus:the visible hand of government direction of industry,the important role of state owned enterprises,as well as growth-enhancing social *** concludes with the present challenges facing the city-state.

关键词： Washington consensus economic development policies politicaleconomy Singapore trade liberalisation financial liberalisation governance institutions