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Lattice Boltzmann Method for Reacting Flows in Porous Media

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2010年第5期2卷 545-563页

作者： Qinjun Kang peter c.Lichtner David R.Janecky computational earth Sciences Group Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545U.S.A ecology and Air Quality Group Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545U.S.A

We review recent developments in lattice Boltzmann method for reacting flows in porous *** present the lattice Boltzmann approaches for incompressible flow,solute transport and chemical reactions in both the pore space and at the fluid/solid *** discuss in detail the methods to update solid phase when significant mass transfer between solids and fluids is involved due to dissolution and/or *** in different areas are presented and perspectives of applying this method to a few important fields are discussed.

关键词： Reactive flows lattice Boltzmann method porous media pore scale

Geological Relationships Between the Intrusions,country Rocks,and Ni-cu-PGe Sulfides of the Kharaelakh Intrusion,Noril′sk Region:Implications for the Roles of Sulfide Differentiation and Metasomatism in Their Genesis

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西北地质 2014年第1期47卷 1-35页

作者： peter c.Lightfoot Igor A.Zotov Department of earth Sciences Laurentian University Institute of Ore Deposit Geology PetrographyMineralogy and GeochemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Stacomonetnyi pec.35

The Ni-cu-platinum group element sulfide ore deposits of the Kharaelakh Intrusion,Noril′sk Region,Siberia,represent a large concentration of sulfides associated with a small differentiated intrusion formed at the edge of the Siberian craton in the roots of the Siberian Trap flood *** deposit is associated with an intrusion that occupies a flanking periclinal structure adjacent to the Noril′sk-Kharaelakh *** intrusion is strongly differentiated and comprises taxitic gabbrodolerites,picritic gabbrodolerites,and gabbrodolerites within the main body which in turn forms a chonolith within a sheet-like intrusion that extends laterally to form extensive undifferentiated sills of *** intrusion substantially replaces the stratigraphy of the country rocks,and although it appears to have exploited the axis of structures developed in response to transtension,the intrusion has created space by both mechanical dilation of stratigraphy and magmatic replacement of pre-existing sedimentary *** frontal lobes of the main intrusion have complex apophyses of gabrodolerite on a range of scales that demonstrate replacement of the sedimentary rocks and link to the development of an extensive metamorphic halo in the country *** halo is much narrower over the main body of the intrusion,and these observations have implications for the thermal history of the ***-skarns and breccias are developed in the roof of the main body of the *** the intrusion,the taxitic rocks contain vesicles and the blebby sulfides developed in the picritic and taxitic gabbrodolerites appear to have a linkage to volatile *** sulfide mineralization developed at the roof of the Kharaelakh Intrusion is associated with metamorphosed and skarn-bearing country rocks,and appears to have been generated by a combination of sulfide fractionation and associated *** geological relationships appear consistent with a chonolith model for the develo

关键词：镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体铜镍硫化物矿床成因 kharaelakh诺里尔斯克交代作用

Quantifying source-sink relationships in leaf-color modified rice genotypes during grain filling

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2923-2940页

作者： Zhenxiang Zhou Paul cStruik Junfei Gu peter e.L.van der Putten Zhiqin Wang Jianchang Yang Xinyou Yin centre for crop Systems Analysis Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6700 AKThe Netherlands college of Agriculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Leaf-color modification can affect canopy photosynthesis,with potential effects on rice yield and yield *** source-sink relationships through crop management is often used to improve crop *** study investigated whether and how modifying leaf color alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-color modified *** collected data of total biomass and nitrogen(N)accumulation in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-color modified variants(greener or yellower)were analyzed,using a recently established modelling method to quantify the source-sink(im)balance during grain *** all leaf-color variants,only one yellower-leaf variant showed a higher source capacity than its normal *** was associated with greater post-flowering N-uptake that prolonged the functional leaf-N duration,and this greater post-flowering N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering N-uptake.A density experiment showed that current management practices(insufficient planting density accompanied by abundant N application)are unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype,ultimately limiting its yield ***-color modification affects source-sink relationships by regulating the N trade-off between pre-and post-flowering uptake,as well as N translocation between source and sink *** best exploit leaf-color modification for improving crop productivity,adjustments of crop management practices are required.

关键词： source-sink relationship biomass nitrogen Oryza sativa leaf-color modification

Assessing Nitrogen Fertilization Strategies in Winter Wheat and cotton crops in Northern Greece

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Pedosphere 2012年第5期22卷 689-697页

作者： e. POLYcHRONAKI c. DOUMA c. GIOURGA A. LOUMOU Department of environment University of the Aegean University Hill Xenia A 81100 Mytilene Lesvos (Greece) Department of Food Technology Technological Educational Institute of Kalamata Antikalamos 24100 Kalamata (Greece)

The management of fertilizer application is crucial for agricultural production and environmental safety. The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of different fertilization strategies, applying fertilizers with and without nitrification inhibitors （NIs） in split application, in Greece. The assessment criteria used were based on crop yield, soil nitrogen （N） concentrations and economic efficiency. For this purpose two crops （winter wheat and cotton） were selected in order to explore the optimum fertilization strategy for each crop. Three treatments combining fertilizers with NIs were tested compared with conventional fertilization （cF）. Slight differences in the quantity and the combination of fertilizers with NIs applied resulted in variable effects on crop yield, soil N and economic return. Split N application of 102 kg ha^（-1）, with half of the total amount applied at seeding, resulted in higher grain yield of winter wheat, lower NO3-N in soil and higher economic return. This result reveals the importance of N application at seeding in wheat crop. Fertilization strategy with 109.5 kg N ha^（-1） and split P application resulted in higher cotton yield and higher economic profit. Split P application seemed to increase yield, even though it is not a common practise in the area.

关键词： Mediterranean nitrification inhibitors split application

effects of yttria content on the cMAS infiltration resistance of yttria stabilized thermal barrier coatings system

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第8期36卷 74-83页

作者： Juan JGomez chavez Ravisankar Naraparaju peter Mechnich Klemens Kelm Uwe Schulz c.V.Ramana University of Texas at el Paso Department of Mechanical EngineeringEl PasoTX79968USA German Aerospace center(DLR) Institute of Materials ResearchCologne51170Germany

The effects of YO(1.5)doping in yttria-zirconia based thermal barrier coatings(TBcs)against cMAS interaction/infiltration are *** TBcs with an YO(1.5)content ranging from 43–67 mol.%(balance Zr O2)were produced by electron beam physical vapor deposition(eB-PVD)*** results reveal a trend of higher apatite formation probability with the higher free YO(1.5)available in the yttriazirconia ***,the infiltration resistance and amount of consumed coating appears to be strongly dependent on the YO(1.5)content in the *** thinnest reaction layer and lowest infiltration was found for the highest produced 67 YO(1.5)*** XRD experiments with volcanic ash/YO(1.5)powder mixtures with higher yttria contents than in the coatings(80 YO(1.5)and pure YO(1.5))also showed higher apatite formation with respect to increasing yttria *** threshold composition to promote apatite-based reaction products was found to be around 50 YO(1.5)in zirconia which was proved in the coatings and XRD powder *** YO(1.5)-ZrO2-Fe O-TiO2 bearing zirconolite-type phase was formed as a reaction product for all the coating compositions which implicates that TiO2 in the melt acts as a trigger for zirconolite *** phase could be detrimental for cMAS/volcanic ash infiltration resistance since it can be formed alongside with apatite which controls or limits the amount of Y^(3+)available for glass *** Fe rich garnet phase containing all the possible elements exhibited a slower nucleation compared to apatite and its growth was enhanced with slow cooling *** implications of phase stability and heat treatment effects on the reaction products are discussed for tests performed at 1250°c.

关键词： cMAS Volcanic ash Infiltration electron beam physical vapor deposition Thermal barrier coating

Soil Temperature Dependent Growth of cotton Seedlings Before emergence

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Pedosphere 2008年第1期18卷 54-59页

作者： G.NABI c.e.MULLINS Land Resources Research Program National Agricultural Research CentrePark RoadIslamabad45500 (Pakistan) Department of Plant and Soil Science Cruickshank BuildingUniversity of AberdeenAB24 3UU (UK)

Soil temperature is an important variable governing plant growth and development. Studies were conducted under laboratory conditions to determine the effect of soil temperature on root and shoot growth of cotton during emergence. cotton seedlings were grown for 192 h at 20, 32 and 38℃ in soil packed in 300 mm long and 50 mm diameter cylinders. The data indicated that the longest roots （173 ram） as well as shoots （152 mm） were recorded at 32℃ followed by 20 （130 mm root and 82 mm shoot） and 38℃ （86 mm root and 50 mm shoot）. Roots grown at 20 and 38 ℃ were 20% and 50% shorter, respectively, than those grown at 32℃ after 192 h. Roots and shoots exhibited the lowest length and dry biomass at 38 ℃. Shoot lengths grown at 20 （74 mm） and 38℃（51 mm） were 44% and 61% shorter than those grown at 32℃（131 mm） after 180 h growth period, respectively. Growth at all three temperatures followed a similar pattern. Initially there was a linear growth phase followed by the reduction or cessation of growth. Time to cessation of growth varied with temperature and decreased faster at higher temperatures. Sowing of cotton should be accomplished before seedbed reaches a soil temperature （≥ 38 ℃） detrimental for emergence. Further, the seedbeds should be capable of providing sufficient moisture and essential nutrients for emerging seedling before its seed reserves are exhausted to enhance seedling establishment in soil.

关键词： linear growth root/shoot elongation soil temperature

The impact of minimally invasive surgeries for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia on male sexual function： a systematic review

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第4期12卷 500-508页

作者： Ryan W. Frieben Hao-cheng Lin peter e Hinh Francesco Berardinelli Steven e. canfield Run Wang Division of Urology University of Texas Medical School at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Urology Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210008 China Division of Urology Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences ＂G.d＇Annunzio＂ University Chieti Italy Department of Urology University of Texas MD Anderson Caneer Center Houston TX 77030 USA

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies was conducted to evaluate data for the effects of minimally invasive procedures for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） on male sexual function. The studies searched were trials that enrolled men with symptomatic BPH who were treated with laser surgeries, transurethral microwave therapy （TUMT）, transurethral needle ablation of the prostate （TUNA）, transurethral ethanol ablation of the prostate （TeAP） and high-intensity frequency ultrasound （HIFU）, in comparison with traditional transurethral resection of the prostate （TURP） or sham operations. A total of 72 studies were identified, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria. Of the 33 studies, 21 were concerned with laser surgeries, six with TUMT, four with TUNA and two with TeAP containing information regarding male sexual function. No study is available regarding the effect of HIFU for BPH on male sexual function. Our analysis shows that minimally invasive surgeries for BPH have comparable effects to those of TURP on male erectile function. collectively, less than 15.4% or 15.2% of patients will have either decrease or increase, respectively, of erectile function after laser procedures, TUMT and TUNA. As observed with TURP, a high incidence of ejaculatory dysfunction （ejD） is common after treatment of BPH with holmium, potassium-titanyl-phosphate and thulium laser therapies （〉 33.6%）. TUMT, TUNA and neodymium：yttrium aluminum garnet visual laser ablation or interstitial laser coagulation for BPH has less incidence of ejD, but these procedures are considered less effective for BPH treatment when compared with TURP.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia ejaculatory dysfunction erectile dysfunction minimally invasive surgery sexual function,transurethral resection of the prostate

elimination of Quench cracking by controlling Agitation Uniformity

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 457-461页

作者： cANALe Lauralice c.F TOTTeN George e Departamento de Materials Automobilistica e Aerondutica da EESC da Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP Sao Carlos SP BrazilPortland State University USA

Uniform agitation of the quenchant is a critically important control parameter in optimizing distortion control and reducing steel cracking. Quenching with ultrasonic agitation or in the presence of electrical and magnetic fields provide uniform agitation leading to improved uniformity of the stress fields within the metal not readily achievable with more traditional agitation methods such as propeller pumps and sprays. These methods provide the additional potential advantage of varying agitation throughout the cooling cycle to achieve a wide range of cooling profiles not readily achievable with quenchants and more traditional agitation systems currently in use.

关键词：热处理淬火裂纹搅拌均匀性超声搅拌

Methyl-β-cyclodextrin enhanced biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated microbial activity in contaminated soil

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 926-933页

作者： peter christie Agri-environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Newforge Lane Belfast BT9 5PX United Kingdom

The contamination of soils by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） is a widespread environmental problem and the remediation of PAHs from these areas has been a major concern. The effectiveness of many in situ bioremediation systems may be constrained by low contaminant bioavailability due to limited aqueous solubility or a large magnitude of sorption. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of methyl-β-cyclodextrin （McD） on bioaugmentation by Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 of an aged PAH-contaminated soil. When 10% （W/W） McD amendment was combined with bioaugmentation by the PAH-degrading bacterium Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2, the percentage degradation of total PAHs was significantly enhanced up to 34.8%. Higher counts of culturable PAH- degrading bacteria and higher soil dehydrogenase and soil polyphenol oxidase activities were observed in 10% （W/W） McD-assisted bioaugmentation soil. This McD-assisted bioaugmentation strategy showed significant increases （p 〈 0.05） in the average well color development （AWcD） obtained by the BIOLOG eco plate assay, Shannon-Weaver index （H） and Simpson index （λ） compared with the controls, implying that this strategy at least partially restored the microbiological functioning of the PAH-contaminated soil. The results suggest that McD-aided bioaugmentation by Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 may be a promising practical bioremediation strategy for aged PAH-contaminated soils.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons methyl-β-cyclodextrin biodegradation Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 microbial activity