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Model-based estimation of above-ground biomass in the miombo ecoregion of Zambia

Forest Ecosystems 2016年第4期3卷 258-274页

作者： James Halperin Valerie LeMay Emmanuel Chidumayo Louis Verchot peter marshall Department of Forest Resources Management The University of British Columbia 2424 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Makeni Savanna Research Project P.O. Box 50323 Ridgeway Lusaka Zambia International Center for Tropical Agriculture Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira Apartado Aereo 6713 Cali 763537. Colombia

Background：Information on above-ground biomass（AGB） is important for managing forest resource use at local levels,land management planning at regional levels,and carbon emissions reporting at national and international *** many tropical developing countries,this information may be unreliable or at a scale too coarse for use at local *** is a vital need to provide estimates of AGB with quantifiable uncertainty that can facilitate land use management and policy development ***-based methods provide an efficient framework to estimate ***：Using National Forest Inventory（NFI） data for a^1,000,000 ha study area in the miombo ecoregion,Zambia,we estimated AGB using predicted canopy cover,environmental data,disturbance data,and Landsat 8 OLI satellite *** assessed different combinations of these datasets using three models,a semiparametric generalized additive model（GAM） and two nonlinear models（sigmoidal and exponential）,employing a genetic algorithm for variable selection that minimized root mean square prediction error（RMSPE）,calculated through *** compared model fit statistics to a null model as a baseline estimation *** bootstrap resampling methods,we calculated 95% confidence intervals for each model and compared results to a simple estimate of mean AGB from the NFI ground plot ***：Canopy cover,soil moisture,and vegetation indices were consistently selected as predictor *** sigmoidal model and the GAM performed similarly;for both models the RMSPE was -36.8 tonnes per hectare（i.e.,57% of the mean）.However,the sigmoidal model was approximately 30% more efficient than the GAM,assessed using bootstrapped variance estimates relative to a null *** selecting the sigmoidal model,we estimated total AGB for the study area at 64,526,209 tonnes（＋/- 477,730）,with a confidence interval 20 times more precise than a simple designbased ***：Our findings demonstrate that NFI

关键词： National Forest Inventory Above-ground biomass Miombo REDD+ Generalized additive model Nonlinear model Landsat 8 OLI

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Leaf litter decomposition dynamics in unmanaged Phyllostachys pubescens stands at high elevations in the Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第11期14卷 2246-2256页

作者： XU Dao-wei LIU Jin-fu peter marshall HE Zhong-sheng ZHENG Shi-qun Cross-strait Nature Reserve Research Center Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Key Laboratory of Fujian Universities for Ecology and Resource Statistics Faculty of Forestry University of British Columbia

Due to its rapid growth and high rate of spread, Phyllostachys pubescens can suppress other species, eventually leading to pure P. pubescens forests. Research on the patterns of litter decomposition and nutrient release from P. pubescens across stand mixtures are helpful to understand the decomposition and nutrient dynamics during the invasion process. However, little is known for unmanaged conditions at high elevations. Therefore, we studied the decomposition of four litter compositions comprised of different combinations of P. pubescens and Cunninghamia lanceolata foliage for one year to explore the pattern of litter decomposition and nutrient release at the Daiyun Mountain National Nature Reserve. The results show that:(1) the litter decomposed faster with a higher proportion of P. pubescens based on Olson's decay model;(2) the remaining litter compositions followed a trigonometric function model better than Olson'sdecay model and fluctuated periodically in tandem with changing temperature and precipitation;(3) the litter mixture decompositions did not support the biomass-ratio hypothesis test; and(4) there were significant binomial, power and exponential relationships between initial concentration and final amounts remaining after 1 year decomposition for C, N and P. The correlations between litter decomposition and nutrient releases were significant. The results may be used to explain the rapid spread of P. pubescens and to guide the natural management of plantations.

关键词： Decomposition models Biomass-ratiohypothesis Nutrient release pattern Phyllostachyspubescens Litter decomposition

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Distinguishing the Regional Atmospheric Controls on Precipitation Isotopic Variability in the Central-Southeast Portion of Brazil

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第10期39卷 1693-1708,I0018-I0020页

作者： Vinícius dos SANTOS peter marshall FLEMING Luís HENRIQUE MANCINI Stela DALVA SANTOS COTA Graziele Beatriz de LIMA Rafaela RODRIGUES GOMES Roberto Eduardo KIRCHHEIM Ricardo SANCHÉZ-MURILLO Didier GASTMANS São Paulo State University(UNESP) Environmental Studies Center.Av.24ABased1515-Bela Vista13.506-900Rio Claro(SP)Brazil Center for the Development of the Nuclear Technology(CDTN-CNEN) Av.Presidente Antônio Carlos6.627Campus da UFMG-Pampulha31270-90Belo Horizonte(MG)Brazil Universidade de Brasília-UnB Instituto de GeociênciasLaboratório de Isótopos Estáveis.Campus"Darcy Ribeiro"Asa Norte70.910-900Brasília(DF)Brasil Hydrology and Territorial Management Directory(DHT) The Geological Survey of Brazil(CPRM-SGB)São Paulo(SP)Brazil University of Texas at Arlington Earth and Environmental Sciences Department500 Yates StreetArlingtonTexas76019USA Stable Isotopes Research Group and Water Resources Management Laboratory Universidad NacionalHerediaCosta Rica

Precipitation isotope ratios(O and H)record the history of water phase transitions and fractionation processes during moisture transport and rainfall ***,we evaluated the isotopic composition of precipitation over the central-southeastern region of Brazil at different *** isotopic compositions were associated with classical effects(rainfall amount,seasonality,and continentality),demonstrating the importance of vapor recirculation processes and different regional atmospheric systems(South American Convergence Zone-SACZ and Cold Fronts-CF).While moisture recycling and regional atmospheric processes may also be observed on a daily timescale,classical effects such as the amount effect were not strongly correlated(δ^(18)O-precipitation rate r≤-0.37).Daily variability revealed specific climatic features,such asδ^(18)O depleted values(~-6‰to-8‰)during the wet season were associated with strong convective activity and large moisture *** isotopic analysis revealed the role of different moisture sources and transport *** ratios combined with d-excess explain how atmospheric recirculation processes interact with convective activity during rainfall formation *** findings provide a new understanding of rainfall sampling timescales and highlight the importance of water isotopes to decipher key hydrometeorological processes in a complex spatial and temporal context in central-southeastern Brazil.

关键词： precipitation stable water isotopes d-excess moisture source and transport southern Atlantic Ocean and Amazon

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老外教你做称职的父母

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丛书名： e时代父母丛书

2003年

作者：（加）皮特·马歇尔（peter marshall）戴云韩淑伟译

本书讲述“如今的孩子怎么了”、“家长作风”、“学习、工作和娱乐”、“谁是青少年教育专家”等。

ISBN: (数字)7507513955

ISBN: (纸本)7507513955

本书讲述“如今的孩子怎么了”、“家长作风”、“学习、工作和娱乐”、“谁是青少年教育专家”等。

关键词：文化、科学、教育、体育教育家庭教育

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Control systems and data management for high-power laser facilities

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第5期11卷 51-75页

作者： Scott Feister Kevin Cassou Stephen Dann Andreas Döpp Philippe Gauron Anthony J.Gonsalves Archis Joglekar Victoria marshall Olivier Neveu Hans-peter Schlenvoigt Matthew J.V.Streeter Charlotte A.J.Palmer California State University Channel Islands CamarilloCaliforniaUSA UniversitéParis-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3IJCLabOrsayFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Ludwig–Maximilians–Universität München GarchingGermany BELLA Center Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA Ergodic LLC San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Queen’s University Belfast BelfastUK

The next generation of high-power lasers enables repetition of experiments at orders of magnitude higher frequency than what was possible using the prior *** requiring human intervention between laser repetitions need to adapt in order to keep pace with the new laser technology.A distributed networked control system can enable laboratory-wide automation and feedback control *** higher-repetition-rate experiments will create enormous quantities of data.A consistent approach to managing data can increase data accessibility,reduce repetitive data-software development and mitigate poorly organized *** opportunity arises to share knowledge of improvements to control and data infrastructure currently being *** compare platforms and approaches to state-of-the-art control systems and data management at high-power laser facilities,and we illustrate these topics with case studies from our community.

关键词： big data community organization control systems data management feedback loops high-power lasers high repetition rate metadata stabilization standards

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国际脊髓损伤数据集：非外伤性脊髓损伤数据集(1.0版)

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中国康复理论与实践 2015年第5期21卷 606-614页

作者： peter New Ruth marshall 张缨周红俊刘根林郑樱郝春霞卫波康海琼王一吉逯晓蕾袁媛首都医科大学康复医学院北京市100068 中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院北京市100068

[志谢]在制定该数据集的过程中，很多人都参与其中。通过参与电子邮件讨论和参加2008年在南非德班举办的国际脊髓损伤会议的研讨会，共有超过120位专家提供建议和反馈意见，在此我们表示感谢。

关键词：脊髓损伤非外伤性脊髓损伤数据集

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Does the Nature of Chief Complaint, Gender, or Age Affect Time to Be Seen in the Emergency Room

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014年第2期2卷 36-41页

作者： Ayesha Sattar Kenneth Sable Antonios Likourezos Christian Fromm John marshall Department of Emergency Medicine Maimonides Medical Center Brooklyn USA Department of Emergency Medicine Saint Peter’s Healthcare System New Brunswick USA Department of Emergency Medicine Stanford Hospital and Clinics Stanford USA

Objectives: EM physicians may be biased in seeing patients presenting with nonspecific complaints or requiring more extensive work-ups. The goal of our study was to ascertain if chief complaint affected time to be seen (TTBS) in the ED. Methods: A retrospective report was generated from the EMR for all moderate acuity patients who visited the ED from January 2005 to December 2010 at a large urban teaching hospital. Abdominal pain, alcohol intoxication, back pain, chest pain, cough, dyspnea, dizziness, fall, fever, flank pain, headache, infection, pain (nonspecific), psychiatric evaluation, “sent by MD”, vaginal bleeding, vomiting, and weakness were the most common complaints. Non-Parametric Independent Sample Tests assessed median TTBS between complaints, gender, and age. Chisquare testing assessed for differences in the distribution of arrival times. Results: We obtained data from 116,194 patients. Patients presenting with weakness and dizziness waited the longest time of 35 minutes and patients with flank pain waited the shortest with 24 minutes. Males waited 30 minutes and females waited 32 minutes. Younger females between the ages of 18 - 50 waited significantly longer when presenting with a chief complaint of abdominal pain, chest pain, or flank pain. There was no difference in the distribution of arrival times for these complaints. Conclusion: There is a significant bias toward seeing young male patients more quickly than women or older males. Patients might benefit from efforts to educate EM physicians on the delays and potential quality issues associated with this bias in an attempt to move toward more egalitarian patient selection.

关键词： Waiting Time Chief Complaint Emergency Department Gender Disparity

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社区专业姑息治疗团队对患者临终时住院、急诊以及选择在医院内死亡的影响：一项汇总分析

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英国医学杂志中文版 2015年第10期18卷 587-593页

作者： Hsien Seow associate professor Kevin Brazil professor of palliative care Jonathan Sussman associate professor Jose Pereira head of division of paUiative medicine Denise marshall associate professor peter C Austin professor Amna Husain associate professor Jagadish Rangrej senior biostattsttctan Lsa Barbera associate professor 饶洁于世英 Department of Oncology McMaster University HamiltonOntario LSV 5C2 Canada School of Nursing and Midwifery Queen's University BelfastBelfast UK Division of Palliative Care Faculty of Medicine University ofOttawa Ottawa Ontario Canada Department of Family Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton Ontario Canada Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation DallaLana School of Public Health University of Toronto TorontoOntario Canada Department of Family and Community Medicine University ofToronto Toronto Ontario Canada institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences Toronto OntarioCanada Department of Radiation Oncology Institute of Health PolicyManagement and Evaluation University of Toronto TorontoOntario Canada 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院

目的汇总11个开展家庭医疗服务的专业姑息治疗团队效应。设计进行一项回顾性队列研究的汇总分析。地点加拿大，安大略省。参与者3109名在2009-2011年接受专业姑息治疗团队医疗服务的患者（暴露组）及3109名在此期间接受常规医疗服务的... 详细信息

目的汇总11个开展家庭医疗服务的专业姑息治疗团队效应。设计进行一项回顾性队列研究的汇总分析。地点加拿大，安大略省。参与者3109名在2009-2011年接受专业姑息治疗团队医疗服务的患者（暴露组）及3109名在此期间接受常规医疗服务的患者（非暴露组）。干预措施虽然这些姑息治疗团队所在地区和规模不同，但包含了相同的核心团队成员和角色分配，即能够为患者在其家中提供综合姑息治疗的姑息治疗专科医师、护士和家庭医生，团队任务包括全天候的管理症状、给予医疗信息和治疗措施以及协调服务。主要结局测量指标患者（a）在死亡前最后2周在医院度过；（b）死亡前最后2周有过急诊；（c）在医院内死亡。结果暴露组和非暴露组中癌症患者约占80％，且78％患者接受临终家庭医疗护理服务的平均时间相同。在所有姑息治疗团队中，暴露组中分别有970（31．2％）和896（28．9％）名患者在生命最后2周住院治疗和有急诊经历，而在非暴露组，分别为1219（39．3％）和1070（34．5％）名患者（P〈0．001）。暴露组与非暴露组患者在生命终期住院和经历急诊的汇总相对危险度分别为0．68[95％可信区间（CI，0．61～0．76）]和0．77[95％CI（0．69～0．86）]。与非暴露组相比，暴露组患者选择院内死亡的更少[503（16．2％）比887（28．6％），P〈0．01]，且在医院内濒死的汇总相对危险度为0．46（0．40-0．52）。结论尽管社区专业姑息治疗团队的组成和地区不同，但均能有效降低患者临终时急诊及选择在医院内死亡比例。

关键词：社区生命死亡医院急诊组对专家治疗

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强震作用下土-桩-结构系统的研究

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世界地震工程 1984年第1期 64-72页

作者： peter Arnold R.G.Bea I.M.Idriss R.B.Reimer K.E.Beebe P.W.marshall 杨亚弟

主要的研究目的及内容在地震工程技术范围和规范选择及设计过程中,SPSS工作的核心问题是承受强烈地震震动的桩基式海洋平台的非线性动力分析。SPSS工作的最终目的是改进工程上的判断分析能力和基础,使平台设计者能更好地估计结构损伤及... 详细信息

主要的研究目的及内容在地震工程技术范围和规范选择及设计过程中,SPSS工作的核心问题是承受强烈地震震动的桩基式海洋平台的非线性动力分析。SPSS工作的最终目的是改进工程上的判断分析能力和基础,使平台设计者能更好地估计结构损伤及破坏的可能性

关键词：单元特性土壤单元反应分析非弹性土坡自由场地面运动参数土壤系统结构系统

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再见，20种坏行为

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中欧商业评论 2014年第10期 124-125页

作者：马歇尔·戈德史密斯(marshall Goldsmith) 王玉洁

彼得·德鲁克（peter Ducker）曾说过，“多数领导需要学习的不是该做什么，而是停止做什么。”没锚，我非常同意这一点。你能想象得出老板承认失败、并表示自己正在努力停止继续犯锚吗？或许很难，因为老板有充足的理由不这么做。他们... 详细信息

彼得·德鲁克（peter Ducker）曾说过，“多数领导需要学习的不是该做什么，而是停止做什么。”没锚，我非常同意这一点。你能想象得出老板承认失败、并表示自己正在努力停止继续犯锚吗？或许很难，因为老板有充足的理由不这么做。他们要维护良好的氛围，并致力于一些积极的举措。通过奖励与表彰体系来评价自己做了什么。领导会因做了某些事情而受到好评，却很少会因停止做没有任何效益的事隋而得到认可。

关键词：行为德鲁克继续犯领导老板

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