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肾综合征出血热血清流行病学定群研究

中华预防医学杂志 1991年第6期25卷 329-331页

作者：李永良徐志一叶克龙汤一苇刘兆麟童政马秋荣 j.mc cormick S.Fisher-Hoch Suyu Ruo 上海医科大学流行病学教研室浙江省建德县卫生防疫站美因疾病控制中心特殊病原科

在浙江省建德县两个村中进行肾综合征出血热(HFRS)定群血清流行病学研究。1325名HFRS扰体阴性者1年后30人抗体阳转,年感染率为2.26%。其中临床病人2人,发病率为0.151%;隐性感染率为2.11%。2～4岁儿童和60岁以上老人未见HFRS感染,5～14... 详细信息

在浙江省建德县两个村中进行肾综合征出血热(HFRS)定群血清流行病学研究。1325名HFRS扰体阴性者1年后30人抗体阳转,年感染率为2.26%。其中临床病人2人,发病率为0.151%;隐性感染率为2.11%。2～4岁儿童和60岁以上老人未见HFRS感染,5～14岁组感染率较低(1.42%),15～59岁青壮年感染率较高(1.47%～4.26%)。男性感染率(2.57%)略高于女性(1.96%)。分层分析和Logistic回归分析发现住房位于村边,室外有稻草堆和养猫是感染HFRS的危险因素,OR值分别为3.0932,8.3629和4.9970。在两村捕获的鼠类中检出HFRS抗原和抗体。

关键词：出血热,病毒性流行病学方法

Risk factors for Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma:Results from the FINBAR study

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第10期13卷 1585-1594页

作者： Lesley A Anderson RG peter Watson Seamus j Murphy Brian T johnston Harry Comber jim mc Guigan john V Reynolds Liam j Murray Centre for Clinical and Population Sciences Queen's UniversityBelfastNorthern Ireland Royal Group of Hospitals BelfastNorthern Ireland National Cancer Registry CorkIreland St.james's Hospital DublinIreland

AIM:To investigate risk factors associated with Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal ***:This all-Ireland population-based case-control study recruited 224 Barrett's oesophagus patients,227 oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients and 260 *** participants underwent a structured interview with information obtained about potential lifestyle and environmental risk ***:Gastro-oesophageal reflux was associated with Barrett's [OR 12.0(95% CI 7.64-18.7)] and oesophageal adenocarcinoma [OR 3.48(95% CI 2.25-5.41)].Oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients were more likely than controls to be ex-or current smokers [OR 1.72(95% CI 1.06-2.81)and OR 4.84(95% CI 2.72-8.61)respectively] and to have a high body mass index [OR 2.69(95% CI 1.62-4.46)].No significant associations were observed between these risk factors and Barrett's *** but not vegetables were negatively associated with oesophageal adenocarcinoma [OR 0.50(95% CI 0.30-0.86)].CONCLUSION:A high body mass index,a diet low in fruit and cigarette smoking may be involved in the progression from Barrett's oesophagus to oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Barrett's oesophagus Oesophagealadenocarcinoma Smoking Gastro-oesophageal reflux Body mass index Diet Case-control

Does knowledge of physical activity recommendations increase physical activity among Chinese college students？ Empirical investigations based on the transtheoretical model

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 77-82页

作者： Kahar Abula peter Gropel Kai Chen jürgen Beckmann Technical University of Munich Munchen 80992 Germany South West jiao Tong University Chengdu 611756 China

Background: Based on the transtheoretical model, the current study investigated whether awareness of physical activity(PA) recommendations had an impact on the stages of PA behavior change and levels of PA among Chinese college ***: In Study 1, with a cross-sectional study design, 9826 students were recruited, and their knowledge of international PA recommendations,PA stage distribution, and self-reported PA level were surveyed. Pearson's χ2 test was used to test whether those participants who were aware and not aware of PA guidelines were equally distributed across the stages of PA behavior, and independent t test was conducted to test the group difference in the actual levels of PA. In Study 2, 279 students who were not aware of the PA recommendations were randomly allocated to either an intervention group or a control group, and only those in the intervention group were presented with international PA guidelines. In both groups,students' PA stages and PA level were examined before the test and then 4 months post-test. mc Nemar's test for correlated proportions and repeated-measures analysis of variance were conducted to examine the changes in PA stage membership and PA level after the ***: Study 1 results revealed that only 4.4% of the surveyed students had correct knowledge of PA recommendations. Those who were aware of the recommendations were in later stages of PA behavior(χ~2(4) = 167.19, p < 0.001). They were also significantly more physically active than those who were not aware of the recommendations(t(443.71) = 9.00, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.53). Study 2 results demonstrated that the intervention group participants who were at the precontemplation and contemplation stages at the pre-test each progressed further in the PA stages in the post-test(χ~2(1) = 112.06, p < 0.001; χ~2(1) = 118.76, p = 0.03, respectively), although no significant change in PA level was observed(t(139) < 1, p = 0.89).Conclusion: The results showed that

关键词： Behavior change Physical activity level Physical activity recommendations Public health policy Stages of change Transtheoretical model

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新生儿囊性纤维化筛查与治疗强度减低有关

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第2期2卷 24-25页

作者： Sims E.j. mc cormick j. Mehta G. Mehta A. 郭战宏 Division of Maternal and Child Health Sciences Ninewells Hospital and Medical School University of Dundee Dundee DD1 9SY United Kingdom

Objectives: To determine whether the improved clinical status after newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) segregates with increased therapeutic intervention compared with presentation by clinical diagnosis (CD). Study design: In 2002, two populations (1 to 9 years of age) who presented (excluding meconium ileus) by NBS ≤ 3 months of age or by CD were compared in an observational, cross-sectional design. NBS and CD populations (184 and 950 patients, respectively) were divided into 3-year age groups (1 to 3, 4 to 6, and 7 to 9 years)-. Therapies of duration >3 months were compared together with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection status. Results: NBS patients≤ 6 years of age received significantly fewer and less demanding therapies not explained by age, genotype, geography, or social deprivation. In 7-to 9-year-olds, significantly fewer NBS patients received intravenous antibiotics. NBS patients without P aeruginosa infection received significantly fewer therapies, but no differences were found between intermittently or chronically infected NBS and CD populations. Comparable results were found in Δ F508/Δ F508 subpopulations. Conclusions: CF populations diagnosed by NBS are associated with reduced treatment compared with age and genotype-matched CD control subjects.

关键词：新生儿筛查治疗强度囊性纤维化绿脓杆菌感染临床诊断胎粪性肠梗阻 NBS 观察性研究年龄组抗生素治疗

即使采用现代疗法,新生儿囊性纤维化筛查依然大有裨益

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第A3期2卷 59-60页

作者： Sims E.j. mc cormick j. Mehta G. Mehta A. 贺文龙 Division of Maternal and Child Health Sciences Ninewells Hospital and Medical School University of Dundee Dundee DD1 9SY United Kingdom

Objectives: To determine whether early identification of babies with cystic fibrosis (CF) improves outcome in the current environment of new improved treatments, considering the criticism that there may be only marginal benefit gained by CF newborn screening (NBS). Study design: We tested whether CF NBS in the setting of modern CF center care still afforded benefit using the UK CF Database (UKCFD; ***) to compare clinical outcomes in infants who underwent NBS and control subjects who were clinically diagnosed (CD). With Mann-Whitney rank tests, 184 patients who underwent NBS aged 1 to 9 years in 2002 (excluding meconium ileus) were compared with matched patients who were CD in 3-year age groups (950 control subjects). Results: Patients as old as 6 years who underwent NBS had significantly greater median height z-scores, less severe Northern chest radiography scores, better Shwachman-Kulczycki scores, and lower rates of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. No difference was found for weight z-score or % predicted forced expiratory value in 1 second or forced volume capacity. Nutritional benefit was demonstrated in patients who underwent NBS and were homozygous for the Δ F508 mutation. Conclusions: NBS segregates with better outcomes in patients as old as 6 years compared with age and gene-matched control subjects who are CD. This cross-sec-tional study shows that infants who undergo screening derive nutritional benefit in improved median height and reduced morbidity.

关键词：囊性纤维化胎粪性肠梗阻用力呼气量营养状况临床诊断纯合子横断面研究年龄组试验设计肺容

常温贮藏条件下短期高浓度CO_2处理对欧洲李子采后生理及品质的影响

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北方园艺 2011年第19期 144-146页

作者：王荣花轩海波 mccormick R Streif j 西北农林科技大学园艺学院 Kompetenzzentrum Obstbau-Bodensee(KOB) 88213 Ravensburg德国

以欧洲李子(Prunusd omestica‘Hanita’and‘Elena’)为试材,研究了短期高浓度CO2处理对欧洲李子果实采后生理和贮藏品质的影响。结果表明:在低温(3℃)下采用浓度为30%的CO2对欧洲李子果实处理18h后,在常温贮藏过程中,‘Hanita’属于... 详细信息

以欧洲李子(Prunusd omestica‘Hanita’and‘Elena’)为试材,研究了短期高浓度CO2处理对欧洲李子果实采后生理和贮藏品质的影响。结果表明:在低温(3℃)下采用浓度为30%的CO2对欧洲李子果实处理18h后,在常温贮藏过程中,‘Hanita’属于呼吸跃变型果实,‘Elena’属于非呼吸跃变型果实。短期高浓度CO2处理,可使‘Hanita’果实呼吸高峰提前,加速果实的衰老,对延长‘Elena’果实货架期没有效果。

关键词： CO2 欧洲李子货价期乙烯呼吸强度

Isolation of Microcystins from the Cyanobacterium Planktothrix rubescens Strain No80

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2014年第1期4卷 37-45页

作者： Timo H.j.Niedermeyer peter Schmieder Rainer Kurmayer Cyano Biotech GmbH Magnusstr.1112489 BerlinGermany Interfaculty Institute for Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tubingen Eberhard Karls University TubingenAuf der Morgenstelle 2872076 TubingenGermany Leibniz Institut fur Molekulare Pharmakologie Robert-Rossle-Str.1013125 BerlinGermany Research Institute for Limnology University of InnsbruckMondseestrasse 95310 MondseeAustria

Three minor microcystins have been isolated from a Planktothrix rubescens *** structures have been elucidated by one-and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry as the compounds[Asp^(3),(E)-Dhb^(7)]mc-LY(1),[Asp^(3),(E)-Dhb^(7)]mc-HtyW(2),and[Asp^(3),(E)-Dhb^(7)]mc-LW(3).The amino acids found at the variable positions 2 and 4 of the microcystin core structure are in accordance with the predicted amino acid substrate activation selectivities of the non-ribosomal peptide synthetases mcyA and mcyB described earlier for this *** structural microcystin variants produced by this strain were shown to inhibit protein phosphatase 1 in the nanomolar range.

关键词： Planktothrix Cyanobacteria Microcystins Protein phosphatase inhibition

Socio-economic status and lifestyle factors are associated with achalasia risk: A population-based case-control study

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第15期22卷 4002-4008页

作者： Helen G Coleman Ronan T Gray Kar W Lau Conall mc Caughey peter V Coyle Liam j Murray Brian T johnston Cancer Epidemiology and Health Services Research Group Centre for Public Health Queen’s University Belfast Regional Virus Laboratory Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast Department of Gastroenterology Royal Victoria HospitalBelfast

AIM: To evaluate the association between various lifestyle factors and achalasia ***: A population-based case-control study was conducted in Northern Ireland, including n = 151 achalasia cases and n = 117 age- and sexmatched controls. Lifestyle factors were assessed via a face-to-face structured interview. The association between achalasia and lifestyle factors was assessed by unconditional logistic regression, to produce odds ratios(OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI).RESULTS: Individuals who had low-class occupations were at the highest risk of achalasia(OR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02-3.45), inferring that high-class occupation holders have a reduced risk of achalasia. A history of foreign travel, a lifestyle factor linked to upper socioeconomic class, was also associated with a reduced risk of achalasia(OR = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.35-0.99). Smoking and alcohol consumption carried significantly reduced risks of achalasia, even after adjustment for socio-economic status. The presence of pets in the house was associated with a two-fold increased risk of achalasia(OR = 2.00, 95%CI: 1.17-3.42). Nochildhood household factors were associated with achalasia ***: Achalasia is a disease of inequality, and individuals from low socio-economic backgrounds are at highest risk. This does not appear to be due to corresponding alcohol and smoking behaviours. An observed positive association between pet ownership and achalasia risk suggests an interaction between endotoxin and viral infection exposure in achalasia aetiology.

关键词： Achalasia Risk factors Epidemiology Lifestyle Socio-economic status

The new COVID-19 poor and the neglected tropical diseases resurgence

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第1期10卷 1-3页

作者： peter j.Hotez Alan Fenwick David Molyneux Department of Pediatrics Texas Children's Hospital CenterforVaccine DevelopmentNational School of Tropical MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine DevelopmentNational School of Tropical MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Hagler Institute for Advaneed Study at Texas A&M University College StationTXUSA Department of Biology Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA james A Baker III Institute of Public Policy Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs Bush School of Government and Public ServiceTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA School of Public Health Faculty of MedicineImperial College Lon don LondonUK. Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Liverpool School ofTropical MedicineLiverpoolUK.

More than 100 million people are facing a return to extreme poverty because of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),while new estimates suggest that three nations—India,Nigeria,and the Democratic Republic of the Congo-may suffer the greatest economic *** findings will have profound consequences in terms of our ability to control or eliminate the most widely prevalent neglected tropical diseases.

关键词： neglected tropical consequences