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Epidemiological characteristics and genetic alterations in adult diffuse glioma in East Asianpopulations

Cancer Biology & medicine 2022年第10期19卷 1440-1459页

作者： Zongchao mo Junyi Xin Ruichao Chai peter y.m.woo Danny T.m.Chan Jiguang Wang Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of molecular Neuroscience The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SARChina HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Shenzhen 518000China Department of molecular Neuropathology Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Department of Neurosurgery Kwong Wah HospitalHong Kong SARChina Hong Kong Neuro-Oncology Society Hong Kong SARChina Division of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SARChina Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Hong Kong Science ParkHong Kong SARChina

Understanding the racial specificities of diseases—such as adult diffuse glioma,the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system—is a critical step toward precision ***,we comprehensively review studies of gliomas in East Asian populations and other ancestry groups to clarify the racial differences in terms of epidemiology and genomic ***,we observed a lower glioma incidence in East Asians than in Whites;notably,patients with glioblastoma had significantly younger ages of onset and longer overall survival than the *** genome-wide association studies of various cohorts have revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with overall and subtype-specific glioma ***,only 3 risk loci—5p15.33,11q23.3,and 20q13.33—were shared between patients with East Asian and White ancestry,whereas other loci predominated only in particular *** instance,risk loci 12p11.23,15q15-21.1,and 19p13.12 were reported in East Asians,whereas risk loci 8q24.21,1p31.3,and 1q32.1 were reported in studies in White *** the somatic mutational profiles of gliomas between East Asians and non-East Asians were broadly consistent,a lower incidence of EGFR amplification in glioblastoma and a higher incidence of 1p19q-IDH-TERT triple-negative low-grade glioma were observed in East Asian *** summarizing large-scale disease surveillance,germline,and somatic genomic studies,this review reveals the unique characteristics of adult diffuse glioma among East Asians,to guide clinical management and policy design focused on patients with East Asian ancestry.

关键词： Glioma East Asian epidemiology germline somatic

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The protean manifestations of central nervous system IgG4-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis:a report of two cases

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2021年第4期7卷 306-312页

作者： peter y.m.woo Ben C.F.Ng June H.m.Wong Oliver K.S.Ng Timothy S.K.Chan Ngai-Fung Kwok Kwong-yau Chan Department of Neurosurgery Kwong Wah HospitalHong KongHong KongChina Department of Internal medicine Caritas Medical CenterHong KongHong KongChina Department of Pathology Kwong Wah Hospital25 Waterloo RoadYaumateiHong KongHong KongChina Department of Neurosurgery Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong KongHong KongChina

Background:IgG4-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis is a relative newly recognized and rare manifestation of IgG4-related disease,an immune-mediated fibroinflammatory tumefactive *** than 80 patients have been reported in the literature,and it can mimic common neurosurgical *** describe the clinical presentation of two patients that were initially considered to have a subdural collection,tuberculous meningitis,and a cervical spinal meningioma,but were eventually diagnosed with this *** presentation:Two ethnic Chinese men,86 and 62 years old,experienced a 4-week history of *** patients had a history of autoimmune disease,namely glomerulonephritis and Grave’s disease,*** resonance brain imaging revealed diffuse dural thickening with the latter patient exhibiting homogeneous and intense gadolinium-contrast *** the 86-year-old patient also had progressive bilateral visual loss,giant cell arteritis was suspected and a 2-week course of glucocorticoid therapy was prescribed,but his symptoms failed to *** 62-year-old patient also had accompanying low-grade fever and was treated empirically as having tuberculous meningitis although there were no confirmatory microbiological *** patient further developed right hemiparesis,and additional imaging revealed a C4/5 intradural-extramedullary contrast-enhancing lesion resembling a meningioma causing cord *** patients underwent neurosurgical intervention with the former undergoing a dural biopsy and the latter having the cervical lesion *** final diagnosis was IgG4-related hypertrophic pachymeningitis with the hallmark histological features of lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of IgG4+plasma cells,storiform fibrosis,and obliterative *** addition,their serum IgG4 levels were elevated(i.e.,>135 mg/dL).Both patients received at least 6 months of glucocorticoid therapy while the latter also had *** symptom

关键词： Hypertrophic pachymeningitis IgG4-related disease IgG4-related sclerosing disease Central nervous system

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The Cauchy problem for non-autonomous nonlinear Schr(o)dinger equations

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Science China mathematics 2005年第4期48卷 522-538页

作者： peter y. H. Pang Department of mathematics

In this paper we study the Cauchy problem for cubic nonlinear Schr(o)dinger equation with space-and time-dependent coefficients on Rm and Tm. By an approximation argument we prove that for suitable initial values, the... 详细信息

关键词： non-autonomous Schr(o)dinger equations, local existence, global existence.

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Pathogenicity of Vibrios in Fish: an Overview

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Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao 2003年第2期2卷 117-128页

作者： Norman y.S.woo Department of Biology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong Kong SARP.R.China

Bacteria of the genus Vibrio are ubiquitously distributed in the marine environment. Due to the rapid expansion of intensive mariculture and the consequent deterioration of culture conditions, more and more Vibrio spp. have been recognized as pathogenic agents in outbreaks of vibriosis, a serious epizootic disease affecting most wild and farmed fish species worldwide, which has become the most important limiting factor for the development of intensive mariculture industry. Attempts have been made to understand the pathogenicity of vibrios in host fish with the ultimate aim of elucidating the best means for disease control. After an extensive literature survey of the recent advances in the field of fish vibriosis, the pathological changes, virulence factors and associated potential pathogenic mechanisms, transmission routes and related environmental factors involved in outbreak of vibriosis, as well as the controlling strategies are reviewed in the present paper.

关键词： Vibrio spp. vibriosis pathogenicity fish

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in bacterial proteomics

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Protein & Cell 2012年第5期3卷 346-363页

作者： Shirly O.T.Curreem Rory m.Watt Susanna K.P.Lau Patrick C.y.woo Department of microbiology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Oral Biosciences Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Research Centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Carol yu Centre of Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE)is a gel-based technique widely used for analyzing the pro-tein composition of biological *** is capable of resolving complex mixtures containing more than a thousand protein components into individual protein spots through the coupling of two orthogonal bio-physical separation techniques:isoelectric focusing(first dimension)and polyacrylamide gel electrophore-sis(second dimension).2-DE is ideally suited for ana-lyzing the entire expressed protein complement of a bacterial cell:its *** relative simplicity and good reproducibility have led to 2-DE being widely used for exploring proteomics within a wide range of envi-ronmental and medically-relevant *** we give a broad overview of the basic principles and his-torical development of gel-based proteomics,and how this powerful approach can be applied for studying bacterial biology and *** highlight specific 2-DE applications that can be used to analyze when,where and how much proteins are *** links between proteomics,genomics and mass spectrometry are *** explore how proteomics involving tandem mass spectrometry can be used to analyze(post-translational)protein modifications or to identify proteins of unknown origin by de novo peptide *** use of proteome fractionation tech-niques and non-gel-based proteomic approaches are also *** highlight how the analysis of pro-teins secreted by bacterial cells(secretomes or exo-proteomes)can be used to study infection processes or the immune *** review is aimed at non-specialists who wish to gain a concise,compre-hensive and contemporary overview of the nature and applications of bacterial proteomics.

关键词： two-dimensional gel electrophoresis bacte-ria proteomics

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Spontaneous ethanol-water emulsification as a precursor for porous particle formation: Understanding the role of dissolved carbohydrates

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 44-53页

作者： P.L. Xiao s. mansouri V. Suriya Hena y.K. Bong K. Hapgood m.W. woo Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Monash University Clayton Campus Australia Powder metallurgy Research Institute Central South University China Faculty of Science Engineering &Bu ε Environment School of Engineering Deakin University Geelong Waum Ponds Campus Australia

Quiescent mixing of aqueous lactose solution with ethanol by gentle pouring allowed controlled observation of a transient, spontaneous emulsification process between ethanol and water. This phenomenon contrasts with the conventional stable phase-separation process for ethanol-water systems with other solutes. The presence of lactose in the dissolved state was deduced to be the key factor causing spontaneous emulsification. This explains the transitional behavior of the phenomenon. Further experiments with aqueous maltodextrin solution, using the same experimental technique, confirmed this phenomenon. The mechanisms determined in this work will form the basis of porous-particle synthesis via the antisolvent vapor-precipitation technique.

关键词： Spontaneous emulsification Ethanol Lactose Precipitation Crystals Droplets

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Romance of the three domains:how cladistics transformed the classifi cation of cellular organisms

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Protein & Cell 2013年第9期4卷 664-676页

作者： Chi-Chun Ho Susanna K.P.Lau Patrick C.y.woo Department of microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Carol yu Centre of Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Cladistics is a biological philosophy that uses genealogi-cal relationship among species and an inferred sequence of divergence as the basis of classifi *** review critically surveys the chronological development of bio-logical classification from Aristotle through our post-genomic era with a central focus on *** 1957,Julian Huxley coined cladogenesis to denote splitting from *** 1960,the English translation of Willi Hennig’s 1950 work,Systematic Phylogenetics,was published,which received strong opposition from phenet-icists,such as numerical taxonomists peter Sneath and Robert Sokal,and evolutionary taxonomist,Ernst mayr,and sparked acrimonious debates in *** 1977-1990,Carl Woese pioneered in using small subunit rRNA gene sequences to delimitate the three domains of cellu-lar life and established major prokaryotic *** has since dominated *** being compatible with modern microbiological observations,*** with unusual phenotypes,restricted expression of charac-teristics and occasionally being uncultivable,increasing recognition of pervasiveness and abundance of horizon-tal gene transfer has challenged relevance and validity of *** mosaic nature of eukaryotic and prokary-otic genomes was also gradually *** the mid-2000s,high-throughput and whole-genome sequencing became routine and complex geneologies of organisms have led to the proposal of a reticulated web of *** genomics only indirectly leads to understanding of func-tional adaptations to ecological niches,computational modeling of entire organisms is underway and the gap between genomics and phenetics may soon be *** are not expected to settle as taxonomic classifi cations shall remain subjective to serve the human scientist,not the classifi ed.

关键词： cladistics phenetics phylogeny classifi ca-tion evolution

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Sintering effect on ageing behavior of rare earths (Pr_6O_(11)-Er_2O_3-y_2O_3 )-doped ZnO varistor ceramics

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第10期30卷 1028-1033页

作者： Choon-woo Nahm Semiconductor Ceramics Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Dongeui University

The electrical properties and ageing behavior of the rare earths （Pr6O11-Er2O3-y2O3）-doped ZnO varistor ceramics were systematically investigated at sintering temperature range of 1335-1350°C. With an increase in the sintering temperature, the sintered density increased from 5.41 to 5.64g/cm3 and the average grain size increased from 5.8 to 7.9μm. The varistor properties and ageing behavior were significantly affected by small sintering temperature range of 1335-1350°C. The breakdown field noticeably decreased from 5767 to 3628V/cm with an increase in the sintering temperature. The varistor ceramics exhibited the highest nonlinear coefficient （43.2） at the sintering temperature of 1340°C. The varistor ceramics sintered at 1350°C exhibited a surprisingly excellent stability by exhibiting 0.3% in the variation rate of the breakdown field and 0.3% in the variation rate of the nonlinear coefficient for ageing stress of 0.95 E1mA/150°C/24 h.

关键词： sintering rare earths nonlinear properties ageing varistors

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Estimating Construction material Indices with ARImA and Optimized NARNETs

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 113-129页

作者： Ümit Isıkdag Aycan Hepsag Sureyya Imre Bıyıklı DeryaÖz Gebrail Bekdas Zong woo Geem Department of Informatics Mimar Sinan Fine Arts UniversityIstanbulTurkey Econometrics Department Istanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey mIS Department Istanbul Gelisim UniversityIstanbulTurkey Computing HND Prog. Nisantasi UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Civil Engineering Istanbul University-CerrahpasaIstanbulTurkey College of IT Convergence Gachon UniversitySeongnam13120Korea

Construction Industry operates relying on various key economic *** of these indicators is material *** the other hand,cost is a key concern in all operations of the construction *** the uncertain conditions,reliable cost forecasts become an important source of *** cost is one of the key components of the overall cost of *** addition,cost overrun is a common problem in the construction industry,where nine out of ten construction projects face cost *** order to carry out a successful cost management strategy and prevent cost overruns,it is very important to find reliable methods for the estimation of construction material *** prices have a time dependent *** order to increase the foreseeability of the costs of construction materials,this study focuses on estimation of construction material indices through time series *** different types of analysis are implemented for estimation of the future values of construction material *** first method implemented was Autoregressive Integrated moving Average(ARImA),which is known to be successful in estimation of time series having a linear *** second method implementedwas Non-LinearAutoregressive Neural Network(NARNET)which is known to be successful in modeling and estimating of series with non-linear *** results have shown that depending on the nature of the series,both these methods can successfully and accurately estimate the future values of the *** addition,we found out that Optimal NARNET architectures which provide better accuracy in estimation of the series can be identified/discovered as result of grid search on NARNET hyperparameters.

关键词： Construction material indices ARImA non-linear autoregressive neural network NARNETs

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From hardware store to hospital:a COVID-19-inspired,cost-effective,open-source,in vivo-validated ventilator for use in resource-scarce regions

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2022年第1期5卷 133-140页

作者： matthew H.Park yuanjia Zhu Hanjay Wang Nicholas ATran Jinsuh Jung michael JPaulsen Annabel m.Imbrie‑moore Samuel Baker Robert Wilkerson mateo marin‑Cuartas Danielle m.mullis y.Joseph woo Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Stanford UniversityFalk Cardiovascular Research Building CV-235300 Pasteur DriveStanfordCA 94305-5407USA Department of mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Bioengineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Department of Comparative medicine Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA University Department of Cardiac Surgery Leipzig Heart CenterLeipzigGermany

Resource-scarce regions with serious COVID-19 outbreaks do not have enough ventilators to support critically ill patients,and these shortages are especially devastating in developing *** help alleviate this strain,we have designed and tested the accessible low-barrier in vivo-validated economical ventilator(ALIVE Vent),a COVID-19-inspired,cost-effective,open-source,in vivo-validated solution made from commercially available *** ALIVE Vent operates using compressed oxygen and air to drive inspiration,while two solenoid valves ensure one-way flow and precise cycle *** device was functionally tested and profiled using a variable resistance and compliance artificial lung and validated in anesthetized large *** functional test results revealed its effective operation under a wide variety of ventilation conditions defined by the American Association of Respiratory Care guidelines for ventilator *** large animal test showed that our ventilator performed similarly if not better than a standard ventilator in maintaining optimal ventilation *** FiO2,respiratory rate,inspiratory to expiratory time ratio,positive-end expiratory pressure,and peak inspiratory pressure were successfully maintained within normal,clinically validated ranges,and the animals were recovered without any *** regions with limited access to ventilators,the ALIVE Vent can help alleviate shortages,and we have ensured that all used materials are publicly *** this pandemic has elucidated enormous global inequalities in healthcare,innovative,cost-effective solutions aimed at reducing socio-economic barriers,such as the ALIVE Vent,can help enable access to prompt healthcare and life saving technology on a global scale and beyond COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Ventilator Open-source

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